In this study, the role of newcastle disease virus (NDV) combined thermic solidified tumor vaccine in inhibiting growth of tumor and immune control was investigated, and rate of inhibiting tumor and cellular immunity were measured. The results showed that rate of inhibiting tumor in experimental group Ⅰ and Ⅱ were 24.8% and 41.1% respectively; average weight of tumor was significantly lower in both experimental groups than in control group, and activity of natural killing (NK) cells in experimental groups was higher than that in control group (Ｐ＜0.01). This suggests that NDV combined thermic solidified tumor vaccine can inhibit growth of tumor and improve activity of NK cells, and their effects are better than that of NDV.
Objective To assess the quality of the published randomized controlled trials published in Journal of Beijing University of Traditional Chinese Medicine (JBUTCM), Acta Universitatis Traditionis Medicalis Sinensis Pharmacologiaeque Shanghai (AUTMSPS), Journal of Guangdong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine (JGUTCM), and Journal of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine (JCUTCM) from 2000 to 2005. Method Guided by the Cochrane Center hand-searching guidelines, we searched 24 volumes (111 issues) of the four journals. The data were extracted according to the principles of clinical epidemiology and consolidated standards of reporting trials (CONSORT), as well as an evaluation scale for randomized controlled trials (RCTs). The data were managed by descriptive analysis and uniformity test. Results There were 365 RCTs. The diagnostic criteria were reported in 297 trials (81.37%). The inclusion and exclusion criteria were reported in 143 trials (39.18%) and 132 trials (36.16%), perspectively, None mentioned the estimation of sample size. The randomization and allocation concealment were reported in 70 trials (19.18%) and 9 trials, perspectively. The baseline data were described in 292 trials (80.00%). Blinding was mentioned in 35 trials (9.59%).Withdrawal occurred in 20 trials (5.48%). Informed consent was acquired in 2 trials. Adverse drug reactions were described in 97 trails (26.58%). Conclusion There are deficiencies in the reporting of these RCTs, Most of the trials do not describe the randomization, only a few trials use the allocation concealment and blinded method, no description of comparability of baseline data, most of the trials do not report the inclusion and exclusion criteria, and none estimate the sample size. These problems indicate that it is necessary to improve the quality of clinical research in Chinese medicine and pharmacology.
Objective To investigate the influence of including HIV/AIDS patients on the consolidated fund under the New Cooperative Medical System （NCMS）. Methods Designed questionnaires were used to investigate 24 HIV/AIDS patients and 1155 randomized sample of the population to compare their income, requirement for public health service, expenditure of medical care and to analyze the influence of including HIV/AIDS patients. Results We found the income of HIV/AIDS patients was lower than healthy population in 2003 （722 vs. 2 162 RMB） ; but the requirement （outpatient：2 ：1, inpatient：5 ：1 ）and expenditure of medical care was higher in HIV/AIDS patients. Including HIV/ AIDS patients into NCMS would cause an adverse-effect on consolidated fund. When more than 293 HIV/AIDS patients were included, it would be beyond what the consolidated fund can afford. Conclusions Including HIV/AIDS patients into NCMS can decrease the HIV/AIDS expenditure to some degree. But the government still needs to get involved to share risks and to establish an HIV/AIDS fund to cover that part which NCMS could not afford.
Objective To highlight the characteristics of acute fibrinous and organizing pneumonia ( AFOP) . Methods The clinical, radiological and pathological data of two patients with AFOP were analyzed, and relevant literature was reviewed. Results Two male patients with the age of 48 years and 43 years presented with fever, cough, dyspnea and chest pain. The chest CT scan revealed multiple, bilateral, patchy consolidation distributing in peripheral areas in one case and consolidation in the middle lobe of the right lung and a little pleural effusion in another case. Two patients were diagnosed initially as community acquired pneumonia, but antibiotic treatment was ineffective. After the transbronchial lung biopsy and computed tomography guided percutaneous lung biopsy, pathological examination revealed there were numerous fibrin and organizing tissue in the alveoli without pulmonary hyaline membrane, which were consistent with AFOP. The patients showed significant clinical and radiological improvement after corticosteroid therapy. One patient was stable and the other one died of respiratory failure because of relapse during dose reduction of corticosteroids. Conclusions Patients of AFOP were misdiagnosed as pneumonia easily. Treatment with corticosteroids could be effective to some patients. If the antibiotic treatment was ineffective to the patient with fever and consolidation in the lungs, AFOP should be considered in the differential diagnosis.
To analyze the CT features of solid pseudopapillary tumor of pancreas (SPTP), and correlation with the pathological findings of the disease so as to improve the diagnostic abilities, the CT images and the clinical manifestations, we retrospectively analyzed the pathological materials of 23 cases with surgery and pathology proved SPTP. In the 23 patients, 21 cases were female (91.3%) and 2 were male (8.7%). The most common symptom was abdominal discomfort with dull pain in 12 patients (52.2%). Others included the pancreatic mass that was detected incidentally during physical examination in 9 patients (39.1%), nausea/vomiting in 2 patients (8.7%). And 1 case of female patients had 2 lesions. In the 24 tumors, 6 cases were located at the head (25.0%), 3 were at neck (12.5%), 8 cases were at body (33.3%), and 7 cases were at tail of pancreas respectively (29.2%). The long-axis diameter ranged from 2.1cm to 20.1cm (mean 6.4cm). 9 tumors were mostly solid component (37.5%), 10 tumors were contained similar proportion of solid and cystic part (41.7%), and mainly cystic components in 5 tumors (20.8%). In 9 of the 23 patients, calcification was found in the tumor (39.1%). In 2 of the 23 patients, bleeding was seen in the mass (8.7%). The dilation of intrahepatic bile duct was found in 1 patient (8.7%). Liver metastasis was showed in one patient (8.7%). On post-contrast CT scan, solid parts demonstrated mild enhancement at the arterial phase. At the portal phase, solid parts were enhanced continuously in all cases, and the enhancement degrees were lower than normal pancreatic tissue. The cystic parts of all lesions showed no enhancement. Pseudo papillary structure, hemorrhage, necrosis, or cystic degeneration were found in all patients by histological study. In a word, SPTP has comparatively characteristic CT imaging features consistent with histological features, when combined with clinical manifestations, could be correctly diagnosed and differentially diagnosed.
Multidrug resistance (MDR) remains the major obstacle to the success of clinical cancer chemotherapy. P-glycoprotein (P-gp), encoded by the MDR1, is an important part with complex mechanisms associated with the MDR. In order to overcome the MDR of tumors, we in the present experimental design incorporated small interfering RNA (siRNA) targeting MDR1 gene and anticancer drug paclitaxel (PTX) into the solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs) to achieve the combinational therapeutic effects of genetherapy and chemotherapy. In this study, siRNA-PTX-SLNs were successfully prepared. The cytotoxicity of blank SLNs and siRNA-PTX-SLNs in MCF-7 cells and MCF-7/ADR cells were detected by MTT; and the uptake efficiency of PTX in MCF-7/ADR cells were detected via HPLC method; quantitative real-time PCR and flow cytometry were performed to investigate the silencing effect of siRNA-PTX-SLNs on MDR1 gene in MCF-7/ADR cells. The results showed that PTX loaded SLNs could significantly inhibit the growth of tumor cells, and more importantly, the MDR tumor cells treated with siRNA-PTX-SLNs showed the lowest viability. HPLC study showed that SLNs could enhance the cellular uptake for PTX. Meanwhile, siRNA delivered by SLNs significantly decreased the P-gp expression in MDR tumor cells, thus increased the cellular accumulation of rhodamine123 as a P-gp substrate. In conclusion, the MDR1 gene could be silenced by siRNA-PTX-SLNs, which could promote the growth inhibition efficiency of PTX on tumor cells, leading to synergetic effect on MDR tumor therapy.
The hydrodynamic behavior of the perfusion process (cleaning) of the liver endovascular before the operation was studied to provide a theoretical guidance to the relative operations. A straight and a curved first-class vascular entity model with foreign matter and the control equations of turbulence liquid in vessel was established. With the physical parameters of a medical infusion liquid measured, an estimation method of perfusion parameters as an example, the perfusion velocity was proposed. The simulation was performed by changing technical parameters of the perfusion. Based on the control equations of turbulent liquid in vessel and the preliminarily calculated results using the vessel model, the results fitted the values of the real operation. The simulation results showed clearly the fluid dynamics behavior around the foreign matter, for example the swirling flow. The results also showed the distribution of velocity of the fluid and the wall pressure of the vessels. With the increasing velocity of the entrance perfusion, the pressure and the velocity field were increased in the two types of the vessel model. The negative wall pressure and recirculation region appeared and located in the foreign matter. Because of influence of the shape, the fluid dynamics behavior in the curved vessel model was more complicated than that in the straight vessel model. The swirling flow and the phenomenon of stagnation of the perfusion fluid were more likely to appear in the curved vessel than in the straight vessel. The most important conclusion of this paper is that the appropriate perfusion velocity can be esti-mated using the methods proposed in this paper.
ObjectiveTo investigate the CT and MR imaging manifestation of solid-pseudopapillary neoplasm of pancreas (SPNP), deepen the understanding of imaging and clinical pathological characteristics of SPNP and improve the level of diagnosis. MethodsBetween Jan 2010 and Dec 2015, the CT and MR imaging data of seven patients with SPTP proved by surgery and histopathologically were analyzed retrospectively. The following imaging features were reviewed: tumor size, location, shape, margin, encapsulation, calcification, hemorrhage, solid-cystic ratio, pancreatic and bile duct dilatation, the manifestation of plain scan and dynamic pattern of enhancement. ResultsThe population comprised 7 women, the average age was 28.3 years oldwith a median tumor size of 5.7 cm. Tumors were located at body tail of pancreas in 5 cases, at the head in 1 case, and at the tail in 1 case. The tumor were exogenous in 5 cases, endogenous in 2 cases. Five tumors showed the regular margin, inregular in 2 cases. Four cases of plain and enhanced CT scan showed cystic-solid tumors, the solid and encapsulation part ofSPNP presented as hipo-, iso-density, and gradually enhancement after injecting contrast medium. Three cases were examined by MRI, 2 cases appeared hemorrhage, tumor located in the head of pancreas leaded to the secondary ducts dilatations in 1 case. Conciusions There are some characteristics in CT and MRI manifestation of SPNP. Accurate diagnosis meybe created by the imaging study combined with the clinical feature.
ObjectiveTo systematically review the differential diagnostic value of contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) and contrast-enhanced CT (CECT) for renal solid space-occupying lesions. MethodsDatabases including EMbase, PubMed, The Cochrane Library (Issue 11, 2014), CNKI, CBM, VIP and WanFang Data were searched for diagnostic tests about CEUS and CECT for renal solid space-occupying lesions from inception to September, 2014. Two reviewers independently screened literature, extracted data and assessed the methodological quality of included studies. Then meta-analysis was performed using Meta-Disc 1.4 software. ResultsA total of 13 studies involving 754 specimens were included. The results of meta-analysis showed that:the sensitivity, specificity, positive likelihood ratio, negative likelihood ratio, diagnostic odds ratio (combined effect and its 95%CI) in the CEUS group were 0.96 (95%CI 0.94 to 0.97), 0.77 (95%CI 0.70 to 0.83), 3.82 (95%CI 2.93 to 4.97), 0.06 (95%CI 0.04 to 0.10), 64.33 (95%CI 36.79 to 112.51), and in the CECT group were 0.84 (95%CI 0.81 to 0.87), 0.73 (95%CI 0.65 to 0.79), 2.81 (95%CI 2.22 to 3.56), 0.23 (95%CI 0.16 to 0.34), 13.85 (95%CI 6.79 to 28.26). There were significant differences between the CEUS group (0.960 8, 95%CI 0.927 3 to 0.994 3) and the CECT group (0.866 8, 95%CI 0.788 8 to 0.944 8) in the area under the summary receiver operating characteristic (SROC) curve (P<0.05). The similar results were observed in cases with small renal tumors≤4 cm (AUC:0.973 7 vs. 0.861 3, P<0.05). ConclusionCEUS has higher differential diagnostic value than CECT for renal solid space-occupying lesions.
Objective To explore the relationship between pure solid non-small cell lung cancer with diameter<2 cm and lymph node metastasis rate. Methods We retrospectively analyzed clinicopathological data of 611 patients who underwent lobectomy and systematic lymph node dissection in our hospital between October 2005 and September 2016. There were 322 males and 289 females aged 58.8±10.0 years (range from 25 to 84 years). The relationship between clinicopathological feature and lymph node metastasis rate was analyzed by logistic regression. Results Lymph node metastasis was observed in 136 patients. The rate of lymph node metastasis was 22.3% in pure solid non-small cell lung cancer with diameter<2 cm. The result of univariate analysis showed that differentiation of tumor (P<0.001), location of tumor (P=0.047) and gender (P=0.032) were associated with lymph node metastasis. Multivariate analysis showed that differentiation of tumor was an independent risk factor for lymph node metastasis (P<0.001). Conclusion The rate of lymph node metastasis is high in pure solid non-small cell lung cancer with diameter<2 cm. Differentiation of tumor is an independent risk factor for lymph node metastasis. We recommend systematic lymph node dissection in the patients of this group. And we should choose sublobar resection prudentially.