Objective To summarize current research status of sperm protein 17 (SP17) in breast cancer. Method Bysearching PubMed, Web of Science, CNKI, and Wanfang databases, the studies about expression and function of SP17 in the breast cancer were summarized. Results SP17 only expressed in the breast cancer tissue but not in the normal breast tissue. The result of the study showed that SP17 was only detected in the metastatic stage of tumor cells. The preclinical trails found that the breast cancer cells with SP17 positive expression could be killed by the specific T lymphocyte. Conclusions SP17 might be a potential target of immunotherapy of breast cancer, it might promote metastasis of cancer. More studies are needed to further explore its function in tumor development, thus accelerate its application in clinical practice.