ObjectiveTo analyze the significance of application of pulse indicated continuous cardiac output (PICCO) as hemodynamic monitoring for low cardiac output patients after coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) operation. Method We retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of 110 patients conducted non-extracorporeal circulation CABG operation in Beijing Anzhen Hospital between June 2013 and October 2014. The patient were divided into two groups including a PICCO applied group and a non-PICCO applied group. There were 49 patients including 29 males and 20 females at average age of 60.80±9.34 years in the PICCO group. There were 61 patients with 37 males and 24 females at age of 62.22±10.41 years in the non-PICCO group. We compared the treatment effects between the two groups. ResultsComparing to the non-PICCO group, the PICCO group had shorter average days of postoperative intra-aortic balloon pump (IABP) usage (t=2.155, P=0.039), less usage rate of endotracheal reintubation (χ2=5.098, P=0.039), shorter average postoperative mechanical ventilation time (t=2.087, P=0.044), less occurrence rate of cardiac arrhythmia (χ2=4.011, P=0.045), less occurrence rate of multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS) (χ2=5.075, P=0.035), shorter days in ICU (t=2.141, P=0.040) and in-hospital time (t=2.061 P=0.048). During monitoring, the PICCO group had slower average heart rate, higher average arterial pressure, lower blood lactate, greater oxygenation and greater left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) than those in the non-PICCO group. ConclusionThe application of PICCO reduces occurrence of postoperative complications for low cardiac output patients with post coronary artery bypass grafting operation, increases cure rate.
Objective To evaluate the effectiveness of oral appliance (OA) vs. continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) in treating patients with mild to moderate obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS). Methods The following databases including PubMed, EMbase, The Cochrane Library, CBM, VIP, WanFang data and CNKI were searched from inception to November 30, 2012 to collect the randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on OA vs. CPAP in treating OSAHS. The relevant conference proceedings were also retrieved without limitation of type and publication time. In accordance with the inclusion and exclusion criteria, two reviewers independently screened studies, extracted data, and evaluated quality. And then meta-analysis was performed using RevMan 5.1 software. Besides, the level of evidence was graded using GRADEpro 3.6 software. Results A total of 7 RCTs were included. The results of meta-analysis showed that: a) compared with OA, CPAP significantly reduced the degree of apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) (WMD=9.13, 95%CI 8.77 to 9.50, Plt;0.000 01); and b) there was no significant difference in the Epworth sleeping scale (ESS) between OA and CPAP (WMD=0.00, 95%CI −0.12 to 0.12, P=0.97). Conclusion Compared with OA, CPAP takes remarkable effects in improving AHI for mild to moderate OSAHS, but it shows no significant difference in improving ESS. For the quality and quantity limitation of the included studies, this conclusion still needs to be proved by conducting more high quality RCTs.
Objective To explore the rehabilitation effects of musicokinetic therapy on perimenopausal syndrome, so as to provide scientific basis for the treatment of perimenopausal syndrome. Methods Perimenopausal women living in Yiyang city were screened and then 100 cases aged 45 to 55 years with Kupperman score ≥15 and depression score (SDS) ≥0.5 were selected. They were then divided into two groups (experimental group: 50 cases treated by musicokinetic therapy; control group: 50 cases). Evaluation was taken using Kupperman scale and SDS scale 24 weeks after training. Results Compared to the control group, Kupperman scores and SDS scores in the musicokinetic therapy group were lower with a significant difference (Plt;0.01). There were significant differences in Kupperman scores and SDS scores (Plt;0.01) and in the single items of Kupperman scores in the musicokinetic therapy group before and after the experiment (Plt;0.05). Conclusion Musicokinetic therapy could significantly alleviate physical and psychological status of women with perimenopausal syndrome.
Objective To evaluate the efficacy and safety of acellular dermal matrix (ADM) in preventing Frey syndrome.Methods Studies of acellular dermal matrix in preventing Frey syndrome were searched in The Cochrane Library (Issue 1, 2010), MEDLINE, EMbase, SIGLE, GreyNet, NTIS, CBMdisc, VIP, CNKI and WANFANG DATA from 1995 to 2010. All the studies were selected, extracted and evaluated by four reviewers independently, and meta-analyses were performed with RevMan 5.0.0 software. Results A total of 15 studies involving 472 participants were included in the review. The studies showed that implantation of the ADM was able to efficiently reduce the incidence of Frey syndrome, and the difference in both subjective and objective was significant between the two groups after the therapy (RR=0.11, 95%CI 0.06 to 0.18, Plt;0.01; RR=0.14, 95%CI 0.10 to 0.19, Plt;0.01). The rate of temporary facial nerve paralysis was lower than that of the control group but the difference was not significant (OR=0.78, 95%CI 0.37 to 1.66, P=0.53). The incidens of both seroma and mucocele were higher than that of the control group but the difference was not significant(OR=2.63, 95%CI 0.09 to 79.25, P=0.58) and they could be alleviated by placing drainage tube and partial pressure bandage. The incidence rate of salivary fistula was lower than that of the control group and the difference was significant (OR=0.24, 95%CI 0.08 to 0.69, P=0.009). Conclusion The result of this system review shows that, the ADM can effectively and safely reduce the incidence of Frey syndrome. To perform preoperative hypersensitivity check for iodine or iodophors, to conduct rapid frozen section for defining the character of tumor, to fix the ADM stably, to place vacuum-drainage and to make partial pressure bandage are suggested.
Objective To compare the efficacy and incidence of complications between laparoscopic surgery and laparotomy on women with polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS). Methods We did a systematic literature search for studies from Ovid Database, MEDLINE, EMbase, Cochrane Library (Issue 2, 2008), Chinese Biological Medicine Database, CNKI, Chinese VIP Database, and WANFANG Database on internet. The search time was from establishment of each database to December, 2008. Randomized controlled trials and non-randomized controlled trials were collected. The search was no limitation in language. We manually searched current and conference abstracts, and searched relevant reviews and their reference. RevMan 5.0 software was used for meta-analysis. Results Five non-randomized trials involving 417 patients were included. The results of meta-analyse showed that the short-term pregnancy rate in patients underwent laparoscopic surgery was significantly higher than that in patients underwent laparotomy (RR=1.42, 95% CI 1.13 to 1.80, P=0.003). The long-term pregnancy rate in patients underwent laparoscopic surgery and laparotomy was comparable (RR=0.85, 95%CI 0.68 to 1.07, P=0.17). The regular menstruation in patients underwent laparoscopic surgery and laparotomy was comparable (RR=0.91, 95%CI 0.79 to 1.05, P=0.18). The uterine adhesions in patients underwent laparoscopic surgery was significantly lower than that in patients underwent laparotomy (RR=0.02, 95%CI 0.00 to 0.18, P=0.000 2). The intra-abdominal adhesions of patients underwent laparoscopic surgery was significantly lower than that in patients underwent laparotomy (RR=0.02, 95%CI 0.00 to 0.13, Plt;0.000 1).Conclusions The limited evidence at present shows that the incidence and degree of pelvic adhesions occurred in patients with PCOS after laparoscopic surgery is much lower than those after laparotomy. It is not quite sure at this point about whether the pregnancy rate and regular menstruation of laparoscopic surgery are better than those of lararotomy or not. More evidence from high qualified multi-center studies is needed.
Objective To investigate the quality of the randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) integrated with western medicine for severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS). Method All the randomized controlled trials of traditional Chinese medicine integrated with western medicine for SARS worldwide were gained by electronic searching and hand searching. The quality of the RCTs was analyzed by the quality grade evaluation used in Cochrane handbook.The sample size, the baseline data, the results indexes were also analyzed. Results Seven RCTs included 501 SARS cases were identified. The quality grade of one RCT is B, the other six RCTs were graded C. None pre-specified sample size. One RCT tested the differences of the baseline data by statistic method. One RCT reported quality of life as result index. None reported the adverse events.Conclusions Current RCTs of TCM integrated with western medicine can’t provide b evidence for clinical practice because of the poor quality.
Objective To review the efficacy and safety of interventions for preventing infections in nephrotic syndrome using evidence-based principles for clinicians to practice easily. Methods We searched Cochrane controlled trials register database, MEDLINE, EMBASE and Chinese Biologic Medical database. Results Total 11 articles were obtained including RCTs, non-controlled clinical studies and traditional narrative reviews. No systematic review or meta-analysis was identified. Prophylactic interventions for reducing risks of infection in nephrotic syndrome included intravenous immunoglobulin, thymosin, traditional Chinese herb, lamivudine, pneumococcal vaccination and chemoprophylaxis. Conclusion At present, the studies about interventions for preventing infection in nephrotic syndrome were limited in quantity and poor in the quality of methodology, therefore, the promising conclusions were unavailable. Rigid randomized placebo-controlled clinical trials with blinding or systematic review or meta-analysis would be very necessary for further assessing the efficacy and safety of the prophylactic interventions for preventing infections in nephrotic syndrome
Objective To study the epidemic and clinical characteristics of three clusters of early cases of severe acute respiratery syndrome (SARS) in Shenzhen. Methods To retrospectively investigate three clusters of patients. To extract data on clinical presentation and laboratory studies. Results In the first cluster, one patient with SARS in Shenzhen had visited Hong Kong twice in one week. He had felt initial cold and fever in Hong Kong on January 14, while the second case had been onset of SARS when he had been back from Hong Kong. There were 5 people infected in the second cluster at the same time 1 week after they visited their father in a hospital in GuangZhou. Among the three clusters, two clusters had not been infected in ShenZhen, they are inputted, and another cluster is not clear, but it maybe inputted. Three clusters are distributed, they all had high fever. Among them, five had total body muscular soreness and unproductive cough, four with headache, three chill, and two dizziness and pharyngalgia. Three cases had asthma and diarrhea 1 week after the onset of SARS, and progressed to ARDS. The six patients with SARS in Shenzhen People’s Hospital tested positive for coronavirus-related anti-body (IgG) in their plasma 10-15 d after the onset. This IgG titres in one patient remained high (1∶640) 120 days after the onset. Neutrophilia and lymphopenia occurred in patients who died. The more severe the patients’condition was, the higher was the level of LDH increased. Conclusion In three clusters, most patients had not infected in Shenzhen, they are inputted and distributed. That patients with SARS tested positive for coronavirus-related IgG in their plasma.
Objective To assess the clinical effectiveness and safety of uvulopalatopharyngoplasty （UPPP） in the treatment of snoring and obstructive sleep aponea syndrome （OSAS ）. Methods MEDLINE （1966 -2005 ）, EMBASE （1984 - 2005 ）, The Cochrane Library （Issue 1, 2005 ）, CBM （1979 - 2005 ）, CNKI （1994 - 2005 ）, VIP （ 1989 - 2005 ）, CMCC （1994-2005） ,Wanfang Database and Internet were searched in English and Chinese versions. Randomized controlled trials（ RC,Ts）, quasi-randomized controlled trials and prospective cohort studies were included. Study quality was evaluated by two researchers independently. RevMan4.2.7 was used for meta-analysis.Results Twelve studies were included, of which 5 were RCTs, 7 were prospective cohort studies. Compared with dental appliance（DA）, PSG （polysomnography） changes of DA group were larger than UPPP group, but patients of UPPP group had better quality of life and compliance. Comparing UPPP with LAUP （laser-assisted uvulopalatpharyngoplasty ） and RFTVR （radiofrequency tissue volume reduction）, the postoperative pain of the latter two was less than UPPP. About complications, UPPP and LAUP had no difference except for nasal reflux at 1 week after operation, there was no statistical difference between UPPP and RFTVR. There was no study to compare the PSG change among the three groups. Comparing UPPP with CPAP （continuous positive airway pressure）, PSG changes were larger in CPAP. Conclusions At present, there is no evidence to assure that UPPP is better than other treatments for snoring and OSAS or to suggest which type of surgery is most effective.The literature search is restricted to the publications of English and Chinese language, which may have resulted in missing some studies; the evidence is still weak due to the poor quality and a small number of included studies. There is an urgent need for high quality RCTs to be carried out.
Objective To report an evidence-based treatment of Mycophenolate Mofetil for idiopathic membranous nephropathy (IMN) with nephrotic syndrome (NS). Methods We searched The Cochrane Library (Issue 3, 2005), MEDLINE (1978 to 2006) and CNKI (1978 to 2006), and critically appraised the available evidence. Results The available Level C (low quality) evidence showed that Mycophenolate Mofetil was effective for the remission of proteinuria, and effective in patients who were resistant to steroid or cytotoxic agents. However, there was no evidence on its long-term effect on renal survival. Given the current evidence, together with our clinical experience and the patient’s preference, Mycophenolate Mofetil and glucocorticoid were administered to the patient. After 3 months of treatment, proteinuria was relieved. The patient is still can followed up. Conclusions We only find Level C evidence to support the short-term efficacy of Mycophenolate Mofetil on the remission of proteinuria. Further studies on its long-term effects on renal survival, and a health economics evaluation are needed.