Abstract This experiment was to study the feasibility from direct observation of muscle contraction of the lower extremity fromelectrical stimulation threshold of nerve fascicle in identifying the Iα intrafusal afferent fibers during selective posterior rhizotomy (SPR) and to investigate the clinical relationship between the muscle spasm and the electrical stimulation of nerve fascicles. The electrical stimulation threshold of all nerve fascicles in 36 cases during SPR were analysed statistically. The results showed that there was a significant difference between the electrical stimulation threshold of the severed nerve fascicles and intact nerve fascicles no matter the nerve root or each posterior nerve rootlet was examined. It was simple and reliable for surgeons to identify correctly the Iα intrafusal afferent fibers intraoperatively from direct observation of the electrical stimulation threshold of nerve fascicle.
Sub-threshold depression refers to a psychological sub-health state that fails to meet the diagnostic criteria for depression. Appropriate intervention can improve the state and reduce the risks of disease development. In this paper, we focus on music neurofeedback stimulation improving emotional state of sub-threshold depression college students.Twenty-four college students with sub-threshold depression participated in the experiment, 16 of whom were members of the experimental group. Decompression music based on spectrum classification was applied to 16 experimental group participants for 10 min/d music neural feedback stimulation with a period of 14 days, and no stimulation was applied to 8 control group participants. Three feature parameters of electroencephalogram (EEG) relative power, sample entropy and complexity were extracted for analysis. The results showed that the relative power of α、β and θ rhythm increased, while δ rhythm decreased after the stimulation of musical nerofeedback in the experimental group. The sample entropy and complexity were significantly increased after the stimulation, and the differences of these parameters pre and post stimulation were statistically significant (P < 0.05), while the differences of all feature parameters in the control group were not statistically significant. In the experimental group, the scores of self-rating depression scale(SDS) decreased after the stimulation of musical nerofeedback, indicating that the depression was improved. The result of this study showed that music neurofeedback stimulation can improve sub-threshold depression and may provides an effective new way for college students to self-regulation of emotion.
The construction of brain functional network based on resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) is an effective method to reveal the mechanism of human brain operation, but the common brain functional network generally contains a lot of noise, which leads to wrong analysis results. In this paper, the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) model in compressed sensing is used to reconstruct the brain functional network. This model uses the sparsity of L1-norm penalty term to avoid over fitting problem. Then, it is solved by the fast iterative shrinkage-thresholding algorithm (FISTA), which updates the variables through a shrinkage threshold operation in each iteration to converge to the global optimal solution. The experimental results show that compared with other methods, this method can improve the accuracy of noise reduction and reconstruction of brain functional network to more than 98%, effectively suppress the noise, and help to better explore the function of human brain in noisy environment.
At present, fatigue state monitoring of upper limb movement generally relies solely on surface electromyographic signal (sEMG) to identify and classify fatigue, resulting in unstable results and certain limitations. This paper introduces the sEMG signal recognition and motion capture technology into the fatigue state monitoring process and proposes a fatigue analysis method combining an improved EMG fatigue threshold algorithm and biomechanical analysis. In this study, the right upper limb load elbow flexion test was used to simultaneously collect the biceps brachii sEMG signal and upper limb motion capture data, and at the same time the Borg Fatigue Subjective and Self-awareness Scale were used to record the fatigue feelings of the subjects. Then, the fatigue analysis method combining the EMG fatigue threshold algorithm and the biomechanical analysis was combined with four single types: mean power frequency (MPF), spectral moments ratio (SMR), fuzzy approximate entropy (fApEn) and Lempel-Ziv complexity (LZC). The test results of the evaluation index fatigue evaluation method were compared. The test results show that the method in this paper has a recognition rate of 98.6% for the overall fatigue state and 97%, 100%, and 99% for the three states of ease, transition and fatigue, which are more advantageous than other methods. The research results of this paper prove that the method in this paper can effectively prevent secondary injury caused by overtraining during upper limb exercises, and is of great significance for fatigue monitoring.
ObjectiveTo investigate the time relationship of the change, and diagnostic accuracy and sensitivity between retinal light threshold fluctuations (LTF) and retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) and ganglion cell complex(GCC) thickness on high-risk primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG). MethodsTotally 319 patients (319 eyes) with high-risk in POAG from the First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical Universityand during December 2009 and December 2017, 50 healthy individuals (50 eyes) as control were collected in this longitudinal cohort study. Visual field and OCT were reviewed every 6 months on the high-risk group and every 12 months on the control group. High-risk groups inclusion criteria: vertical C/D≥0.6; early visual field defect (according to glaucoma visual field damage GSS2 quantitative grading standards, mean deviation and pattern standard deviation of central field exceeds the border as an early visual field defect); continuous repeatable results. The first field and OCT results in the absence of visual field defects and C/D≥0.6, which were conformed reliability indicators and removed learning effects as a baseline. When patients achieve POAG diagnosis criteria first time which was recorded as a turning point. And they were divided into early group meanwhile were ended of follow-up. After the last follow-up, the inspection data was segmented counted in yearly interval. The changes of LTF, thickness of RNFL and GCC during the follow-up period in the early POAG group and the control group were observed. The loss rate and change rate in each period were compared for the assessment of their trends with time. Followed by calculation of the area under receiver operating curves (AUC) to compare the predicted value of POAG and the sensitivity at 95% specificity in each period. ResultsAfter last follow-up, totally 67 patients 67 eyes (early POAG group, 37 males and 30 females) were entered the turning point. The mean follow-up of the early POAG group and the control group were 6.6 and 6.4 years. The average RNFL thickness was 79.05±8.09 μm, GCC thickness was 71.58±8.41 μm, LTF was −6.05±7.02 dB in early POAG group. The average RNFL thickness was 93.49±6.24 μm, GCC thickness was 79.72±6.32 μm, LTF was −0.31±0.58 dB in the control group. The differences of LTF and the thickness of RNFL and GCC were statistically significant (t=−5.97, −10.42, −5.60; P＜0.001). The AUC of RNFL, GCC thickness and LTF increased with time in the early POAG group. The sensitivity was gradually increased at 95% specificity: 5th year before to at turning point, RNFL thickness AUC was 0.15, 0.65, 0.71, 0.77, 0.85, 0.92, and sensitivity was 20%, 56%, 61%, 65%, 70%, 76%, respectively; GCC thickness AUC was 0.12, 0.53, 0.69, 0.74, 0.82, 0.90, and sensitivity was 14%, 53%, 69%, 74%, 82%, 90%, respectively; the AUC of LTF was 0.10, 0.21, 0.33, 0.75, 0.86, 0.91, and sensitivity was 7%, 17%, 44%, 65%, 78%, 87%, respectively. ConclusionsThe earliest time of structural functional damage of POAG is at the 4th year before confirmed, simultaneous RNFL diagnosis accuracy and sensitivity are better than GCC and LTF. The earliest time of visual functional damage of POAG is at the 2th year before confirmed, simultaneous LTF diagnosis accuracy and sensitivity are better than RNFL and GCC.
The paper introduces a training system for foot ulcer patients based on three axis accelerometer, which uses three axis accelerometer and Apple mobile phone platform to guide foot ulcer patients to carry out a variety of lower limb muscle tissues training. The acceleration values of three directions for the foot training is obtained by analog-to-digital conversion and transmitted to the Apple mobile phone via its Bluetooth low energy. The Apple mobile phone accomplishes acceleration data preprocessing, numerical filtering and adaptive dual-threshold processing by our developed application program, so as to achieve the purpose of foot gesture recognition. The experimental result shows that the design can effectively present the training situation and effect of patients, encourage patients to adhere to the training, and provide some reference data for doctors and patients.
Aiming at the single treatment and the design separation between treatment and assessment in electrotherapy equipment, a kind of system including low-intermediate frequency treatment and efficacy evaluation was developed. With C8051F020 single-chip microcomputer as the core and the circuit design and software programming used, the system realized the random switch of therapeutic parameters, the collection, display and data storage of pressure pain threshold in the assessment. Experiment results showed that the stimulus waveform, current intensity, frequency, duty ratio of the system output were adjustable, accurate and reliable. The obtained pressure pain threshold had a higher accuracy (<0.3 N) and better stability, guiding the parameter choice in the precise electrical stimulation. It, therefore, provides a reliable technical support for the treatment and curative effect assessment.
Central serous chorioretinopathy (CSC) is a common macular disease, which can lead to the loss of central vision in young patients. Although the disease is self-limited to some extent, there is no shortage of patients with prolonged course and recurrent attacks, eventually leading to irreversible visual impairment. Therefore, taking reasonable treatment in a certain period is particularly important for the visual prognosis of patients. Although thermal laser photocoagulation of leakage points and photodynamic therapy (PDT) have achieved good effects, there are risks of retinal damage and retinal pigment epithelium atrophy. Subthreshold micropulse laser (SMLP) is a kind of subthreshold short pulse laser, which does not cause visible damage to the retina and is safer. In the era of lack of PDT drugs, SMLP has gradually become an important means of clinical treatment for CSC, especially for patients with no obvious leakage point or subfoveal leakage point. An in-depth understanding of the mechanism of action of SMLP and its efficacy and safety in the treatment of CSC is helpful for the promotion and application of SMLP in the clinical treatment of CSC.
Calculation of cardiac hemodynamic parameters is based on accurate detection of feature points in impedance cardiogram. According to these parameters, doctors can determine heart conditions, so it is very important to accurately detect the feature point of impedance differential signals. This article presents a process in which we used wavelet threshold method to de-noise signals, and then detected the feature points after six layers wavelet decomposition by using bior3.7. The experimental data were collected from healthy persons in our laboratory and twenty two clinical patients in Chongqing Daping Hospital by using KF_ICG instrument. The results indicated that this method could precisely detect feature points whether it was from healthy people or clinical patients. This helps to achieve the application of noninvasive detection cardiac hemodynamic parameters in clinical treatments by using impedance method.
It is difficult to distinguish the inferior alveolar nerve (IAN) from other tissues inside the IAN canal due to their similar CT values in the X image which are smaller than that of the bones. The direct reconstruction, therefore, is difficult to achieve the effects. The traditional clinical treatments mainly rely on doctors' manually drawing the X images so that some subjective results could not be avoided. This paper proposes the partition reconstruction of IAN canal based on shape features. According to the anatomical features of the IAN canal, we divided the image into three parts and treated the three parts differently. For the first, the directly part of the mandibular, we used Shape-driven Level-set Algorithm Restrained by Local Information (BSLARLI) segment IAN canal. For the second part, the mandibular body, we used Space B-spline curve fitting IAN canal's center, then along the center curve established the cross section. And for the third part, the mental foramen, we used an adaptive threshold Canny algorithm to extract IAN canal's edge to find center curve, and then along it established the cross section similarly. Finally we used the Visualization Toolkit (VTK) to reconstruct the CT data as mentioned above. The VTK reconstruction result by setting a different opacity and color values of tissues CT data can perspectively display the INA canal clearly. The reconstruction result by using this method is smoother than that using the segmentation results and the anatomical structure of mental foramen position is similar to the real tissues, so it provides an effective method for locating the spatial position of the IAN canal for implant surgeries.