Objective To study the expression and its clinical significance of p16 in human gastric carcinomas. MethodsThe expression of p16 protein and mRNA in human gastric carcinomas using SP immunohistochemical and in situ hybridization (ISH) methods were examined. Results Of the 85 cases tested, 65.88% (56 cases) showed positive staining of p16 protein in the primary lesions. The positive rate of p16 protein was significantly lower in the cases with deep invasion, poor differentiation or shorter survival periods (Ｐ＜0.05). The positive rate of p16 mRNA expression in human gastric carcinomas was 47.37% (in 38 cases). Conclusion p16 gene may correlate with the development and progress of gastric carcinomas. The expression of p16 gene may be a useful tool for showing biological behavior and prognosis of human gastric carcinomas.
ObjectiveTo summarize research progress of farnesoid X receptor (FXR) in regulation of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and explore its potential clinical application value.MethodThe relevant literatures at home and abroad on the mechanism of FXR regulating occurrence and development of HCC were reviewed.ResultsIn the occurrence and development of HCC, the FXR expression could be down-regulated through the inflammation-related pathways and epigenetic silencing. The FXR mightbe play an important role in the regulatory mechanisms of down-regulation in the HCC, therapeutic targets, drug resistance, and so on.ConclusionFXR plays an important regulatory role in occurrence and development of HCC, which makes FXR might become a potential target in treatment of HCC.
At present, there are relatively many clinical gene studies. microRNA -215 (miR-215) is a miRNA induced by p53. It exists in animals and humans. miR-215 can exist not only in tumor tissues, but also in blood, urine and feces. miR-215 is abnormally expressed in a variety of tumors and plays a role in promoting and inhibiting cancer. Therefore, miR-215 may provide a new research direction for tumor diagnosis, treatment and prognosis. This paper reviews the expression of miR-215 as a oncogene and tumor suppressor gene in tumors and in non tumors.