Enhance the cognition of myopic traction maculopathy to select the surgical approach reasonably_Chinese Journal of Ocular Fundus Diseases

Authors：

Zhao Xiujuan ,  Lyu Lin

State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510060, China;

Corresponding author：

Lyu Lin, Email: lulin@gzzoc.com

Keywords：

Myopia, degenerative; Vitrectomy; Editorial; Myopic traction maculopathy; Macular buckling

DOI：

10.3760/cma.j.cn511434-20201123-00579

Video：

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Myopic traction maculopathy is a general term for a class of diseases including vitreomacular traction, foveoschisis, and macular hole. Posterior staphyloma plays a vital role in the occurrence and development of myopic traction maculopathy. At present, there is no uniform standard for the timing and method of surgery for myopic traction maculopathy. Based on OCT examination, the classification of traction maculopathy and the degree of visual function damage are important basis for judging the timing of surgery at this stage. Pars plana vitrectomy has been widely used in the treatment of myopic traction maculopathy, but for those with a long axis, the operation is complicated and the effect is not ideal. Macular buckling can effectively alleviate the traction caused by posterior staphyloma, but this surgery has a certain learning curve for clinicians, surgical materials need to be improved and perfected, and more evidence-based medical evidence is needed. We believe that with the continuous clinical understanding of myopic traction maculopathy, surgical treatment will be more rationalized and better treatment results will be achieved.

Citation： Zhao Xiujuan, Lyu Lin. Enhance the cognition of myopic traction maculopathy to select the surgical approach reasonably. Chinese Journal of Ocular Fundus Diseases, 2020, 36(12): 911-914. doi: 10.3760/cma.j.cn511434-20201123-00579 Copy

1.	Fricke TR, Jong M, Naidoo KS, et al. Global prevalence of visual impairment associated with myopic macular degeneration and temporal trends from 2000 through 2050: systematic review, meta-analysis and modelling[J]. Br J Ophthalmol, 2018, 102(7): 855-862. DOI: 10.1136/bjophthalmol-2017-311266.
2.	VanderBeek BL, Johnson MW. The diversity of traction mechanisms in myopic traction maculopathy[J]. Am J Ophthalmol, 2012, 153(1): 93-102. DOI: 10.1016/j.ajo.2011.06.016.
3.	Ruiz-Medrano J, Montero JA, Flores-Moreno I, et al. Myopic maculopathy: current status and proposal for a new classification and grading system (ATN)[J]. Prog Retin Eye Res, 2019, 69: 80-115. DOI: 10.1016/j.preteyeres.2018.10.005.
4.	Gaucher D, Haouchine B, Tadayoni R, et al. Long-term follow-up of high myopic foveoschisis: natural course and surgical outcome[J]. Am J Ophthalmol, 2007, 143(3): 455-462. DOI: 10.1016/j.ajo.2006.10.053.
5.	Shimada N, Tanaka Y, Tokoro T, et al. Natural course of myopic traction maculopathy and factors associated with progression or resolution[J]. Am J Ophthalmol, 2013, 156(5): 948-957. DOI: 10.1016/j.ajo.2013.06.031.
6.	Lee DH, Moon I, Kang HG, et al. Surgical outcome and prognostic factors influencing visual acuity in myopic foveoschisis patients[J]. Eye (Lond), 2019, 33(10): 1642-1648. DOI: 10.1038/s41433-019-0462-7.
7.	Itakura H, Kishi S, Li D, et al. Vitreous changes in high myopia observed by swept-source optical coherence tomography[J]. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci, 2014, 55(3): 1447-1452. DOI: 10.1167/iovs.13-13496.
8.	Itakura H, Kishi S, Li D, et al. Observation of posterior precortical vitreous pocket using swept-source optical coherence tomography[J]. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci, 2013, 54(5): 3102-3107. DOI: 10.1167/iovs.13-11769.
9.	Ikuno Y, Tano Y. Vitrectomy for macular holes associated with myopic foveoschisis[J]. Am J Ophthalmol, 2006, 141(4): 774-776. DOI: 10.1016/j.ajo.2005.11.044.
10.	Gao X, Ikuno Y, Fujimoto S, et al. Risk factors for development of full-thickness macular holes after pars plana vitrectomy for myopic foveoschisis[J]. Am J Ophthalmol, 2013, 155(6): 1021-1027. DOI: 10.1016/j.ajo.2013.01.023.
11.	Shimada N, Sugamoto Y, Ogawa M, et al. Fovea-sparing internal limiting membrane peeling for myopic traction maculopathy[J]. Am J Ophthalmol, 2012, 154(4): 693-701. DOI: 10.1016/j.ajo.2012.04.013.
12.	Kuriyama S, Hayashi H, Jingami Y, et al. Efficacy of inverted internal limiting membrane flap technique for the treatment of macular hole in high myopia[J]. Am J Ophthalmol, 2013, 156(1): 125-131. DOI: 10.1016/j.ajo.2013.02.014.
13.	Yu X, Ma W, Liu B, et al. Morphological analysis and quantitative evaluation of myopic maculopathy by three-dimensional magnetic resonance imaging[J]. Eye (Lond), 2018, 32(4): 782-787. DOI: 10.1038/eye.2017.263.
14.	Zhao X, Ding X, Lyu C, et al. Observational study of clinical characteristics of dome-shaped macula in Chinese Han with high myopia at Zhongshan Ophthalmic Centre[J/OL]. BMJ Open, 2018, 8: e021887[2018-12-22]. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30580257/. DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2018-021887.
15.	Schepens CL, Okamura ID, Brockhurst RJ. The scleral buckling procedures. Ⅰ. Surgical techniques and management[J]. AMA Arch Ophthalmol, 1957, 58(6): 797-811. DOI: 10.1001/archopht.1957.00940010819003.
16.	Theodossiadis GP. Treatment of retinal detachment due to macular holes without chorio-retinal lesions. a seven-year follow-up study[J]. Trans Ophthalmol Soc UK, 1982, 102(Pt 1): 198-202.
17.	Devin F, Tsui I, Morin B, et al. T-shaped scleral buckle for macular detachments in high myopes[J]. Retina, 2011, 31(1): 177-180. DOI: 10.1097/IAE.0b013e3181fc7e73.
18.	Tanaka T, Ando F, Usui M. Episcleral macular buckling by semirigid shaped-rod exoplant for recurrent retinal detachment with macular hole in highly myopic eyes[J]. Retina, 2005, 25(2): 147-151. DOI: 10.1097/00006982-200502000-00005.
19.	Zhao X, Ma W, Lian P, et al. Three-year outcomes of macular buckling for macular holes and foveoschisis in highly myopic eyes[J/OL]. Acta Ophthalmol, 2020, 98(4): e470-e478[2019-11-19]. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31742899/. DOI: 10.1111/aos.14305.
20.	Mateo C, Dutra Medeiros M, Alkabes M, et al. Illuminated Ando plombe for optimal positioning in highly myopic eyes with vitreoretinal diseases secondary to posterior staphyloma[J]. JAMA Ophthalmol, 2013, 131(10): 1359-1362. DOI: 10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2013.4558.
21.	Bedda AM, Abdel Hadi AM, Lolah M, et al. A new sutureless illuminated macular buckle designed for myopic macular hole retinal detachment[J/OL]. J Ophthalmol, 2017, 2017: 6742164[2017-03-16]. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28409023/. DOI: 10.1155/2017/6742164.
22.	Liu B, Chen S, Li Y, et al. Comparison of macular buckling and vitrectomy for the treatment of macular schisis and associated macular detachment in high myopia: a randomized clinical trial[J/OL]. Acta Ophthalmol, 2020, 98(3): e266-e272[2017-11-17]. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31736279/. DOI: 10.1111/aos.14260.
23.	Ortisi E, Avitabile T, Bonfiglio V. Surgical management of retinal detachment because of macular hole in highly myopic eyes[J]. Retina, 2012, 32(9): 1704-1718. DOI: 10.1097/IAE.0b013e31826b671c.
24.	Ripandelli G, Coppe AM, Fedeli R, et al. Evaluation of primary surgical procedures for retinal detachment with macular hole in highly myopic eyes: a randomized comparison of vitrectomy versus posterior episcleral buckling surger[J]. Ophthalmology, 2001, 108(12): 2258-2264. DOI: 10.1016/s0161-6420(01)00861-2.
25.	Alkabes M, Bures-Jelstrup A, Salinas C, et al. Macular buckling for previously untreated and recurrent retinal detachment due to high myopic macular hole: a 12-month comparative study[J]. Graefe’s Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol, 2014, 252(4): 571-581. DOI: 10.1007/s00417-013-2497-y.
26.	Mateo C, Bures-Jelstrup A, Navarro R, et al. Macular buckling for eyes with myopic foveoschisis secondary to posterior staphyloma[J]. Retina, 2012, 32(6): 1121-1128. DOI: 10.1097/IAE.0b013e31822e5c32.

1. Fricke TR, Jong M, Naidoo KS, et al. Global prevalence of visual impairment associated with myopic macular degeneration and temporal trends from 2000 through 2050: systematic review, meta-analysis and modelling[J]. Br J Ophthalmol, 2018, 102(7): 855-862. DOI: 10.1136/bjophthalmol-2017-311266.
2. VanderBeek BL, Johnson MW. The diversity of traction mechanisms in myopic traction maculopathy[J]. Am J Ophthalmol, 2012, 153(1): 93-102. DOI: 10.1016/j.ajo.2011.06.016.
3. Ruiz-Medrano J, Montero JA, Flores-Moreno I, et al. Myopic maculopathy: current status and proposal for a new classification and grading system (ATN)[J]. Prog Retin Eye Res, 2019, 69: 80-115. DOI: 10.1016/j.preteyeres.2018.10.005.
4. Gaucher D, Haouchine B, Tadayoni R, et al. Long-term follow-up of high myopic foveoschisis: natural course and surgical outcome[J]. Am J Ophthalmol, 2007, 143(3): 455-462. DOI: 10.1016/j.ajo.2006.10.053.
5. Shimada N, Tanaka Y, Tokoro T, et al. Natural course of myopic traction maculopathy and factors associated with progression or resolution[J]. Am J Ophthalmol, 2013, 156(5): 948-957. DOI: 10.1016/j.ajo.2013.06.031.
6. Lee DH, Moon I, Kang HG, et al. Surgical outcome and prognostic factors influencing visual acuity in myopic foveoschisis patients[J]. Eye (Lond), 2019, 33(10): 1642-1648. DOI: 10.1038/s41433-019-0462-7.
7. Itakura H, Kishi S, Li D, et al. Vitreous changes in high myopia observed by swept-source optical coherence tomography[J]. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci, 2014, 55(3): 1447-1452. DOI: 10.1167/iovs.13-13496.
8. Itakura H, Kishi S, Li D, et al. Observation of posterior precortical vitreous pocket using swept-source optical coherence tomography[J]. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci, 2013, 54(5): 3102-3107. DOI: 10.1167/iovs.13-11769.
9. Ikuno Y, Tano Y. Vitrectomy for macular holes associated with myopic foveoschisis[J]. Am J Ophthalmol, 2006, 141(4): 774-776. DOI: 10.1016/j.ajo.2005.11.044.
10. Gao X, Ikuno Y, Fujimoto S, et al. Risk factors for development of full-thickness macular holes after pars plana vitrectomy for myopic foveoschisis[J]. Am J Ophthalmol, 2013, 155(6): 1021-1027. DOI: 10.1016/j.ajo.2013.01.023.
11. Shimada N, Sugamoto Y, Ogawa M, et al. Fovea-sparing internal limiting membrane peeling for myopic traction maculopathy[J]. Am J Ophthalmol, 2012, 154(4): 693-701. DOI: 10.1016/j.ajo.2012.04.013.
12. Kuriyama S, Hayashi H, Jingami Y, et al. Efficacy of inverted internal limiting membrane flap technique for the treatment of macular hole in high myopia[J]. Am J Ophthalmol, 2013, 156(1): 125-131. DOI: 10.1016/j.ajo.2013.02.014.
13. Yu X, Ma W, Liu B, et al. Morphological analysis and quantitative evaluation of myopic maculopathy by three-dimensional magnetic resonance imaging[J]. Eye (Lond), 2018, 32(4): 782-787. DOI: 10.1038/eye.2017.263.
14. Zhao X, Ding X, Lyu C, et al. Observational study of clinical characteristics of dome-shaped macula in Chinese Han with high myopia at Zhongshan Ophthalmic Centre[J/OL]. BMJ Open, 2018, 8: e021887[2018-12-22]. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30580257/. DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2018-021887.
15. Schepens CL, Okamura ID, Brockhurst RJ. The scleral buckling procedures. Ⅰ. Surgical techniques and management[J]. AMA Arch Ophthalmol, 1957, 58(6): 797-811. DOI: 10.1001/archopht.1957.00940010819003.
16. Theodossiadis GP. Treatment of retinal detachment due to macular holes without chorio-retinal lesions. a seven-year follow-up study[J]. Trans Ophthalmol Soc UK, 1982, 102(Pt 1): 198-202.
17. Devin F, Tsui I, Morin B, et al. T-shaped scleral buckle for macular detachments in high myopes[J]. Retina, 2011, 31(1): 177-180. DOI: 10.1097/IAE.0b013e3181fc7e73.
18. Tanaka T, Ando F, Usui M. Episcleral macular buckling by semirigid shaped-rod exoplant for recurrent retinal detachment with macular hole in highly myopic eyes[J]. Retina, 2005, 25(2): 147-151. DOI: 10.1097/00006982-200502000-00005.
19. Zhao X, Ma W, Lian P, et al. Three-year outcomes of macular buckling for macular holes and foveoschisis in highly myopic eyes[J/OL]. Acta Ophthalmol, 2020, 98(4): e470-e478[2019-11-19]. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31742899/. DOI: 10.1111/aos.14305.
20. Mateo C, Dutra Medeiros M, Alkabes M, et al. Illuminated Ando plombe for optimal positioning in highly myopic eyes with vitreoretinal diseases secondary to posterior staphyloma[J]. JAMA Ophthalmol, 2013, 131(10): 1359-1362. DOI: 10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2013.4558.
21. Bedda AM, Abdel Hadi AM, Lolah M, et al. A new sutureless illuminated macular buckle designed for myopic macular hole retinal detachment[J/OL]. J Ophthalmol, 2017, 2017: 6742164[2017-03-16]. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28409023/. DOI: 10.1155/2017/6742164.
22. Liu B, Chen S, Li Y, et al. Comparison of macular buckling and vitrectomy for the treatment of macular schisis and associated macular detachment in high myopia: a randomized clinical trial[J/OL]. Acta Ophthalmol, 2020, 98(3): e266-e272[2017-11-17]. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31736279/. DOI: 10.1111/aos.14260.
23. Ortisi E, Avitabile T, Bonfiglio V. Surgical management of retinal detachment because of macular hole in highly myopic eyes[J]. Retina, 2012, 32(9): 1704-1718. DOI: 10.1097/IAE.0b013e31826b671c.
24. Ripandelli G, Coppe AM, Fedeli R, et al. Evaluation of primary surgical procedures for retinal detachment with macular hole in highly myopic eyes: a randomized comparison of vitrectomy versus posterior episcleral buckling surger[J]. Ophthalmology, 2001, 108(12): 2258-2264. DOI: 10.1016/s0161-6420(01)00861-2.
25. Alkabes M, Bures-Jelstrup A, Salinas C, et al. Macular buckling for previously untreated and recurrent retinal detachment due to high myopic macular hole: a 12-month comparative study[J]. Graefe’s Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol, 2014, 252(4): 571-581. DOI: 10.1007/s00417-013-2497-y.
26. Mateo C, Bures-Jelstrup A, Navarro R, et al. Macular buckling for eyes with myopic foveoschisis secondary to posterior staphyloma[J]. Retina, 2012, 32(6): 1121-1128. DOI: 10.1097/IAE.0b013e31822e5c32.

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