Medical treatment of ocular fundus disease and challenges_Chinese Journal of Ocular Fundus Diseases

Authors：

 Zhang Ming ¹ , Jiang Meng ^1,2 , Chen Lin ¹

1. Department of Ophthalmology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China;
2. Mianyang Wanjiang Eye Hospital, Mianyang 621000, China;

Corresponding author：

Zhang Ming, Email: zhangmingscu@126.com

Keywords：

Retinal diseases; Medical treatment; Laser photocoagulation; Radiotherapy; Gene therapy; Editorial

DOI：

10.3760/cma.j.cn511434-20210830-00474

Video：

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Fundus disease is a kind of common ophthalmic disease with high blindness rate and great harm. Although great breakthroughs have been made in medical treatment, laser photocoagulation, radiotherapy and gene therapy of fundus disease, with the further understanding of the essence of fundus disease, there are higher requirements for the treatment of fundus disease. To strengthen scientific research on the etiology, pathological mechanism and clinical treatment of fundus diseases, to control the quality of research, to develop reasonable treatment plans and explore new treatment methods under the guidance of evidence-based medicine theory, to further improve the level of medical treatment and benefit patients with fundus diseases will still be a formidable challenge in the future.

Citation： Zhang Ming, Jiang Meng, Chen Lin. Medical treatment of ocular fundus disease and challenges. Chinese Journal of Ocular Fundus Diseases, 2021, 37(9): 665-669. doi: 10.3760/cma.j.cn511434-20210830-00474 Copy

1.	曾婧, 刘笑, 刘志平, 等. 真实世界中玻璃体腔注射抗血管内皮生长因子药物在新生血管性眼病中的应用疗效[J]. 实用医学杂志, 2020, 36(3): 369-374. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-5725.2020.03.019.Zeng J, Liu X, Liu ZP, et al. Real-world outcomes in patients with neovascular ocular disease treated with anti-vascular endothelial growth factor therapy[J]. The Journal of Practical Medicine, 2020, 36(3): 369-374. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-5725.2020.03.019.
2.	Kang S. Intravitreal injection of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor for patients with various retinal diseases[J]. Journal of the Korean Medical Association, 2016, 59(1): 52-57. DOI: 10.5124/jkma.2016.59.1.52.
3.	Wykoff CC, Ou WC, Croft DE, et al. Neovascular age-related macular degeneration management in the third year: final results from the TREX-AMD randomised trial[J]. Br J Ophthalmol, 2018, 102(4): 460-464. DOI: 10.1136/bjophthalmol-2017-310822.
4.	Koh A, Lai TYY, Takahashi K, et al. Efficacy and safety of ranibizumab with or without verteporfin photodynamic therapy for polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy: a randomized clinical trial[J]. JAMA Ophthalmol, 2017, 135(11): 1206. DOI: 10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2017.4030.
5.	Gross JG, Glassman AR, Liu D, et al. Five-year outcomes of panretinal photocoa-gulation vs intravitreous ranibizumab for proliferative diabetic retinopathy: a randomized clinical trial[J]. JAMA Ophthalmol, 2018, 136(10): 1138-1148. DOI: 10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2018.3255.
6.	Fan X, Gao N, Li J, et al. Effects of VEGF levels on anti-VEGF therapy for patients with idiopathic choroidal neovascularization[J]. Mol Cell Biochem, 2018, 441(1-2): 173-179. DOI: 10.1007/s11010-017-3183-x.
7.	Larsen M, Waldstein SM, Priglinger S, et al. Sustained benefits from ranibizumab for central retinal vein occlusion with macular edema: 24-month results of the CRYSTAL study[J]. Ophthalmol Retina, 2018, 2(2): 134-142. DOI: 10.1016/j.oret.2017.05.016.
8.	陈有信, 汤加. 抗血管内皮生长因子治疗眼部新生血管性疾病问题与挑战[J]. 中华实验眼科杂志, 2019, 37(1): 1-4. DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.2095-0160.2019.01.001.Chen YX, Tang J. Problems and challenges of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor therapy for ocular neovescularization diseases[J]. Chin J Exp Ophthalmol, 2019, 37(1): 1-4. DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.2095-0160.2019.01.001.
9.	Bakri SJ, Thorne JE, Ho AC, et al. Safety and efficacy of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor therapies for neovascular age-related macular degeneration: a report by the American Academy of Ophthalmology[J]. Ophthalmology, 2019, 126(1): 55-63. DOI: 10.1016/j.ophtha.2018.07.028.
10.	Hata M, Yamashiro K, Oishi A, et al. Retinal pigment epithelial atrophy after anti-vascular endothelial growth factor injections for retinal angiomatous proliferation[J]. Retina, 2017, 37(11): 2069-2077. DOI: 10.1097/IAE.0000000000001457.
11.	Lois N, McBain V, Abdelkader E, et al. Retinal pigment epithelial atrophy in patients with exudative age-related macular degeneration undergoing anti-vascular endothelial growth factor therapy[J]. Retina, 2013, 33(1): 13-22. DOI: 10.1097/IAE.0b013e3182657fff.
12.	Sastre-Ibáñez M, Martínez-Rubio C, Molina-Pallete R, et al. Retinal pigment epithelial tears[J]. J Fr Ophtalmol, 2019, 42(1): 63-72. DOI: 10.1016/j.jfo.2018.04.017.
13.	Chawan-Saad J, Wu M, Wu A, et al. Corticosteroids for diabetic macular edema[J]. Taiwan J Ophthalmol, 2019, 9(4): 233-242. DOI: 10.4103/tjo.tjo_68_19.
14.	Tao Y, Jonas JB. Intravitreal triamcinolone[J]. Ophthalmologica, 2011, 225(1): 1-20. DOI: 10.1159/000317909.
15.	Rajesh B, Zarranz-Ventura J, Fung AT, et al. Safety of 6000 intravitreal dexamethasone implants[J]. Br J Ophthalmol, 2020, 104(1): 39-46. DOI: 10.1136/bjophthalmol-2019-313991.
16.	Mishra SK, Gupta A, Patyal S, et al. Intravitreal dexamethasone implant versus triamcinolone acetonide for macular oedema of central retinal vein occlusion: quantifying efficacy and safety[J/OL]. Int J Retina Vitreous, 2018, 4: 13[2018-03-26]. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29632703/. DOI: 10.1186/s40942-018-0114-2.
17.	Mohammad DA, Sweet BV, Elner SG. Retisert: is the new advance in treatment of uveitis a good one?[J]. Ann Pharmacother, 2007, 41(3): 449-454. DOI: 10.1345/aph.1H540.
18.	Arcinue CA, Cerón OM, Foster CS. A comparison between the fluocinolone acetonide (Retisert) and dexamethasone (Ozurdex) intravitreal implants in uveitis[J]. J Ocul Pharmacol Ther, 2013, 29(5): 501-507. DOI: 10.1089/jop.2012.0180.
19.	Testi I, Pavesio C. Preliminary evaluation of YUTIQ™ (fluocinolone acetonide intravitreal implant 0.18 mg) in posterior uveitis[J]. Ther Deliv, 2019, 10(10): 621-625. DOI: 10.4155/tde-2019-0051.
20.	Kim HM, Woo SJ. Ocular drug delivery to the retina: current innovations and future perspectives[J/OL]. Pharmaceutics, 2021, 13(1): 108[2021-01-15]. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33467779/. DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13010108.
21.	史春. Nd: YAG激光消融术治疗玻璃体混浊的疗效观察[J]. 国际眼科杂志, 2018, 18(1): 169-171. DOI: 10.3980/j.issn.1672-5123.2018.1.43.Shi C. Therapeutic effect of Nd: YAG laser ablation in patients with vitreous floaters[J]. Int Eye Sci, 2018, 18(1): 169-171. DOI: 10.3980/j.issn.1672-5123.2018.1.43.
22.	Katsanos A, Tsaldari N, Gorgoli K, et al. Safety and efficacy of YAG laser vitreolysis for the treatment of vitreous floaters: an overview[J]. Adv Ther, 2020, 37(4): 1319-1327. DOI: 10.1007/s12325-020-01261-w.
23.	Mazloumi M, Dalvin LA, Abtahi SH, et al. Photodynamic therapy in ocular oncology[J]. J Ophthalmic Vis Res, 2020, 15(4): 547-558. DOI: 10.18502/jovr.v15i4.7793.
24.	Rundle P. Photodynamic therapy for eye cancer[J/OL]. Biomedicines, 2017, 5(4): 69[2017-12-08]. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29292745/. DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines5040069.
25.	Parrozzani R, Boccassini B, De Belvis V, et al. Long-term outcome of transpupillary thermotherapy as primary treatment of selected choroidal melanoma[J]. Acta Ophthalmol, 2009, 87(7): 789-792. DOI: 10.1111/j.1755-3768.2008.01327.x.
26.	Cui C, Lu H. Clinical observations on the use of new anti-VEGF drug, conbercept, in age-related macular degeneration therapy: a meta-analysis[J]. Clin Interv Aging, 2017, 13: 51-62. DOI: 10.2147/CIA.S151225.
27.	陆烨, 童剑萍. 视网膜母细胞瘤的发生机制及诊断和治疗进展[J]. 现代肿瘤医学, 2016, 24(6): 1007-1014. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1672-4992.2016.06.047.Lu Y, Tong JP. The pathogenesis, diagnosis and treatment of retinoblastoma[J]. Journal of Modern Oncology, 2016, 24(6): 1007-1014. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1672-4992.2016.06.047.
28.	Reddy SV, Husain D. Panretinal photocoagulation: a review of complications[J]. Semin Ophthalmol, 2018, 33(1): 83-88. DOI: 10.1080/08820538.2017.1353820.
29.	Inagaki K, Shuo T, Katakura K, et al. Sublethal photothermal stimulation with a micropulse laser induces heat shock protein expression in ARPE-19 cells[J/OL]. J Ophthalmol, 2015, 2015: 729792[2015-11-30]. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26697211/. DOI: 10.1155/2015/729792.
30.	Li Z, Song Y, Chen X, et al. Biological modulation of mouse RPE cells in response to subthreshold diode micropulse laser treatment[J]. Cell Biochem Biophys, 2015, 73(2): 545-552. DOI: 10.1007/s12013-015-0675-8.
31.	Breukink MB, Dingemans AJ, den Hollander AI, et al. Chronic central serous chorioretinopathy: long-term follow-up and vision-related quality of life[J]. Clin Ophthalmol, 2016, 11: 39-46. DOI: 10.2147/OPTH.S115685.
32.	连海燕, 陈晓, 闫明, 等. 阈值下微脉冲激光光凝治疗黄斑疾病的研究现状和进展[J]. 中华眼底病杂志, 2019, 35(2): 206-210. DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1005-1015.2019.02.020.Lian HY, Chen X, Yan M, et al. The status and progress of subthreshold micropulse laser threapy in the treatment of macular diseases[J]. Chin J Ocul Fundus Dis, 2019, 35(2): 206-210. DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1005-1015.2019.02.020.
33.	Shields CL, Shields JA, Cater J, et al. Plaque radiotherapy for retinoblastoma: long-term tumor control and treatment complications in 208 tumors[J]. Ophthalmology, 2001, 108(11): 2116-2121. DOI: 10.1016/S0161-6420(01)00797-7.

1. 曾婧, 刘笑, 刘志平, 等. 真实世界中玻璃体腔注射抗血管内皮生长因子药物在新生血管性眼病中的应用疗效[J]. 实用医学杂志, 2020, 36(3): 369-374. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-5725.2020.03.019.Zeng J, Liu X, Liu ZP, et al. Real-world outcomes in patients with neovascular ocular disease treated with anti-vascular endothelial growth factor therapy[J]. The Journal of Practical Medicine, 2020, 36(3): 369-374. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-5725.2020.03.019.
2. Kang S. Intravitreal injection of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor for patients with various retinal diseases[J]. Journal of the Korean Medical Association, 2016, 59(1): 52-57. DOI: 10.5124/jkma.2016.59.1.52.
3. Wykoff CC, Ou WC, Croft DE, et al. Neovascular age-related macular degeneration management in the third year: final results from the TREX-AMD randomised trial[J]. Br J Ophthalmol, 2018, 102(4): 460-464. DOI: 10.1136/bjophthalmol-2017-310822.
4. Koh A, Lai TYY, Takahashi K, et al. Efficacy and safety of ranibizumab with or without verteporfin photodynamic therapy for polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy: a randomized clinical trial[J]. JAMA Ophthalmol, 2017, 135(11): 1206. DOI: 10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2017.4030.
5. Gross JG, Glassman AR, Liu D, et al. Five-year outcomes of panretinal photocoa-gulation vs intravitreous ranibizumab for proliferative diabetic retinopathy: a randomized clinical trial[J]. JAMA Ophthalmol, 2018, 136(10): 1138-1148. DOI: 10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2018.3255.
6. Fan X, Gao N, Li J, et al. Effects of VEGF levels on anti-VEGF therapy for patients with idiopathic choroidal neovascularization[J]. Mol Cell Biochem, 2018, 441(1-2): 173-179. DOI: 10.1007/s11010-017-3183-x.
7. Larsen M, Waldstein SM, Priglinger S, et al. Sustained benefits from ranibizumab for central retinal vein occlusion with macular edema: 24-month results of the CRYSTAL study[J]. Ophthalmol Retina, 2018, 2(2): 134-142. DOI: 10.1016/j.oret.2017.05.016.
8. 陈有信, 汤加. 抗血管内皮生长因子治疗眼部新生血管性疾病问题与挑战[J]. 中华实验眼科杂志, 2019, 37(1): 1-4. DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.2095-0160.2019.01.001.Chen YX, Tang J. Problems and challenges of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor therapy for ocular neovescularization diseases[J]. Chin J Exp Ophthalmol, 2019, 37(1): 1-4. DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.2095-0160.2019.01.001.
9. Bakri SJ, Thorne JE, Ho AC, et al. Safety and efficacy of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor therapies for neovascular age-related macular degeneration: a report by the American Academy of Ophthalmology[J]. Ophthalmology, 2019, 126(1): 55-63. DOI: 10.1016/j.ophtha.2018.07.028.
10. Hata M, Yamashiro K, Oishi A, et al. Retinal pigment epithelial atrophy after anti-vascular endothelial growth factor injections for retinal angiomatous proliferation[J]. Retina, 2017, 37(11): 2069-2077. DOI: 10.1097/IAE.0000000000001457.
11. Lois N, McBain V, Abdelkader E, et al. Retinal pigment epithelial atrophy in patients with exudative age-related macular degeneration undergoing anti-vascular endothelial growth factor therapy[J]. Retina, 2013, 33(1): 13-22. DOI: 10.1097/IAE.0b013e3182657fff.
12. Sastre-Ibáñez M, Martínez-Rubio C, Molina-Pallete R, et al. Retinal pigment epithelial tears[J]. J Fr Ophtalmol, 2019, 42(1): 63-72. DOI: 10.1016/j.jfo.2018.04.017.
13. Chawan-Saad J, Wu M, Wu A, et al. Corticosteroids for diabetic macular edema[J]. Taiwan J Ophthalmol, 2019, 9(4): 233-242. DOI: 10.4103/tjo.tjo_68_19.
14. Tao Y, Jonas JB. Intravitreal triamcinolone[J]. Ophthalmologica, 2011, 225(1): 1-20. DOI: 10.1159/000317909.
15. Rajesh B, Zarranz-Ventura J, Fung AT, et al. Safety of 6000 intravitreal dexamethasone implants[J]. Br J Ophthalmol, 2020, 104(1): 39-46. DOI: 10.1136/bjophthalmol-2019-313991.
16. Mishra SK, Gupta A, Patyal S, et al. Intravitreal dexamethasone implant versus triamcinolone acetonide for macular oedema of central retinal vein occlusion: quantifying efficacy and safety[J/OL]. Int J Retina Vitreous, 2018, 4: 13[2018-03-26]. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29632703/. DOI: 10.1186/s40942-018-0114-2.
17. Mohammad DA, Sweet BV, Elner SG. Retisert: is the new advance in treatment of uveitis a good one?[J]. Ann Pharmacother, 2007, 41(3): 449-454. DOI: 10.1345/aph.1H540.
18. Arcinue CA, Cerón OM, Foster CS. A comparison between the fluocinolone acetonide (Retisert) and dexamethasone (Ozurdex) intravitreal implants in uveitis[J]. J Ocul Pharmacol Ther, 2013, 29(5): 501-507. DOI: 10.1089/jop.2012.0180.
19. Testi I, Pavesio C. Preliminary evaluation of YUTIQ™ (fluocinolone acetonide intravitreal implant 0.18 mg) in posterior uveitis[J]. Ther Deliv, 2019, 10(10): 621-625. DOI: 10.4155/tde-2019-0051.
20. Kim HM, Woo SJ. Ocular drug delivery to the retina: current innovations and future perspectives[J/OL]. Pharmaceutics, 2021, 13(1): 108[2021-01-15]. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33467779/. DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13010108.
21. 史春. Nd: YAG激光消融术治疗玻璃体混浊的疗效观察[J]. 国际眼科杂志, 2018, 18(1): 169-171. DOI: 10.3980/j.issn.1672-5123.2018.1.43.Shi C. Therapeutic effect of Nd: YAG laser ablation in patients with vitreous floaters[J]. Int Eye Sci, 2018, 18(1): 169-171. DOI: 10.3980/j.issn.1672-5123.2018.1.43.
22. Katsanos A, Tsaldari N, Gorgoli K, et al. Safety and efficacy of YAG laser vitreolysis for the treatment of vitreous floaters: an overview[J]. Adv Ther, 2020, 37(4): 1319-1327. DOI: 10.1007/s12325-020-01261-w.
23. Mazloumi M, Dalvin LA, Abtahi SH, et al. Photodynamic therapy in ocular oncology[J]. J Ophthalmic Vis Res, 2020, 15(4): 547-558. DOI: 10.18502/jovr.v15i4.7793.
24. Rundle P. Photodynamic therapy for eye cancer[J/OL]. Biomedicines, 2017, 5(4): 69[2017-12-08]. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29292745/. DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines5040069.
25. Parrozzani R, Boccassini B, De Belvis V, et al. Long-term outcome of transpupillary thermotherapy as primary treatment of selected choroidal melanoma[J]. Acta Ophthalmol, 2009, 87(7): 789-792. DOI: 10.1111/j.1755-3768.2008.01327.x.
26. Cui C, Lu H. Clinical observations on the use of new anti-VEGF drug, conbercept, in age-related macular degeneration therapy: a meta-analysis[J]. Clin Interv Aging, 2017, 13: 51-62. DOI: 10.2147/CIA.S151225.
27. 陆烨, 童剑萍. 视网膜母细胞瘤的发生机制及诊断和治疗进展[J]. 现代肿瘤医学, 2016, 24(6): 1007-1014. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1672-4992.2016.06.047.Lu Y, Tong JP. The pathogenesis, diagnosis and treatment of retinoblastoma[J]. Journal of Modern Oncology, 2016, 24(6): 1007-1014. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1672-4992.2016.06.047.
28. Reddy SV, Husain D. Panretinal photocoagulation: a review of complications[J]. Semin Ophthalmol, 2018, 33(1): 83-88. DOI: 10.1080/08820538.2017.1353820.
29. Inagaki K, Shuo T, Katakura K, et al. Sublethal photothermal stimulation with a micropulse laser induces heat shock protein expression in ARPE-19 cells[J/OL]. J Ophthalmol, 2015, 2015: 729792[2015-11-30]. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26697211/. DOI: 10.1155/2015/729792.
30. Li Z, Song Y, Chen X, et al. Biological modulation of mouse RPE cells in response to subthreshold diode micropulse laser treatment[J]. Cell Biochem Biophys, 2015, 73(2): 545-552. DOI: 10.1007/s12013-015-0675-8.
31. Breukink MB, Dingemans AJ, den Hollander AI, et al. Chronic central serous chorioretinopathy: long-term follow-up and vision-related quality of life[J]. Clin Ophthalmol, 2016, 11: 39-46. DOI: 10.2147/OPTH.S115685.
32. 连海燕, 陈晓, 闫明, 等. 阈值下微脉冲激光光凝治疗黄斑疾病的研究现状和进展[J]. 中华眼底病杂志, 2019, 35(2): 206-210. DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1005-1015.2019.02.020.Lian HY, Chen X, Yan M, et al. The status and progress of subthreshold micropulse laser threapy in the treatment of macular diseases[J]. Chin J Ocul Fundus Dis, 2019, 35(2): 206-210. DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1005-1015.2019.02.020.
33. Shields CL, Shields JA, Cater J, et al. Plaque radiotherapy for retinoblastoma: long-term tumor control and treatment complications in 208 tumors[J]. Ophthalmology, 2001, 108(11): 2116-2121. DOI: 10.1016/S0161-6420(01)00797-7.

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Chinese Journal of Ocular Fundus Diseases

Medical treatment of ocular fundus disease and challenges

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