Research progress in diffuse chorioretinal atrophy_Chinese Journal of Ocular Fundus Diseases

Authors：

Niu Yuning , He Hailong , Chen Xuanyu , Fang Yuxin ,  Jin Zibing

Beijing Institute of Ophthalmology, Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Beijing 100730, China;

Corresponding author：

Jin Zibing, Email: jinzb502@ccmu.edu.cn

Keywords：

Diffuse chorioretinal atrophy; Myopic maculopathy; Pathologic myopia; Prediction; Review

DOI：

10.3760/cma.j.cn511434-20231016-00422

Video：

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Abstract Full text Figures/Tables Video References Cited by

Diffuse choroidal retinal atrophy (DCA) is a type of myopic macular disease that presents with yellowish-white atrophic changes at the posterior pole of the eyeball. DCA is an important critical feature in the diagnosis of pathological myopia. Early intervention and treatment of this disease are of great significance in delaying the progression of pathological myopia and reducing the impairment of visual function. Ophthalmic imaging data can be used to diagnose the disease, and color fundus photography is the most simple and intuitive. Choroidal thickness is also a key indicator in the diagnosis of DCA, but the diagnostic critical value of choroidal thickness has not been clearly defined. With the development and popularization of artificial intelligence technology, the analysis of lesion imaging data is more objective and accurate. In the future, it is expected to actively establish a standard quantitative evaluation system for DCA by means of artificial intelligence to achieve early detection, early diagnosis and early treatment of pathological myopia.

Citation： Niu Yuning, He Hailong, Chen Xuanyu, Fang Yuxin, Jin Zibing. Research progress in diffuse chorioretinal atrophy. Chinese Journal of Ocular Fundus Diseases, 2024, 40(6): 491-494. doi: 10.3760/cma.j.cn511434-20231016-00422 Copy

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2.	Fricke TR, Jong M, Naidoo KS, et al. Global prevalence of visual impairment associated with myopic macular degeneration and temporal trends from 2000 through 2050: systematic review, meta-analysis and modelling[J]. Br J Ophthalmol, 2018, 102(7): 855-862. DOI: 10.1136/bjophthalmol-2017-311266.
3.	Ruiz-Medrano J, Montero JA, Flores-Moreno I, et al. Myopic maculopathy: current status and proposal for a new classification and grading system (ATN)[J]. Prog Retin Eye Res, 2019, 69: 80-115. DOI: 10.1016/j.preteyeres.2018.10.005.
4.	Ohno-Matsui K, Kawasaki R, Jonas JB, et al. International photographic classification and grading system for myopic maculopathy[J]. Am J Ophthalmol, 2015, 159(5): 877-883. DOI: 10.1016/j.ajo.2015.01.022.
5.	Hayashi K, Ohno-Matsui K, Shimada N, et al. Long-term pattern of progression of myopic maculopathy: a natural history study[J]. Ophthalmology, 2010, 117(8): 1595-1611. DOI: 10.1016/j.ophtha.2009.11.003.
6.	Yokoi T, Jonas JB, Shimada N, et al. Peripapillary diffuse chorioretinal atrophy in children as a sign of eventual pathologic myopia in adults[J]. Ophthalmology, 2016, 123(8): 1783-1787. DOI: 10.1016/j.ophtha.2016.04.029.
7.	Malek Y, Chatoui S, Louaya S, et al. Multimodal imaging of a rare cause of diffuse chorioretinal atrophy: Bietti crystalline dystrophy[J]. J Fr Ophtalmol, 2022, 45(6): 660-663. DOI: 10.1016/j.jfo.2021.11.018.
8.	Esmaili DD. Chorioretinal atrophy in alagille syndrome[J]. Retin Cases Brief Rep, 2015, 9(4): 330-332. DOI: 10.1097/ICB.0000000000000208.
9.	Spaide RF. Age-related choroidal atrophy[J]. Am J Ophthalmol, 2009, 147(5): 801-810. DOI: 10.1016/j.ajo.2008.12.010.
10.	Ohno-Matsui K. Pathologic myopia[J]. Asia Pac J Ophthalmol (Phila), 2016, 5(6): 415-423. DOI: 10.1097/APO.00000000 00000230.
11.	Fang Y, Du R, Nagaoka N, et al. OCT-based diagnostic criteria for different stages of myopic maculopathy[J]. Ophthalmology, 2019, 126(7): 1018-1032. DOI: 10.1016/j.ophtha.2019.01.012.
12.	Liu R, Guo X, Xiao O, et al. Diffuse chorioretinal atrophy in Chinese high myopia: the ZOC-BHVI high myopia cohort study[J]. Retina, 2020, 40(2): 241-248. DOI: 10.1097/IAE.00000000 00002397.
13.	Zheng F, Chua J, Ke M, et al. Quantitative OCT angiography of the retinal microvasculature and choriocapillaris in highly myopic eyes with myopic macular degeneration[J]. Br J Ophthalmol, 2022, 106(5): 681-688. DOI: 10.1136/bjophthalmol-2020-317632.
14.	Curtin BJ. Pathologic myopia[J]. Acta Ophthalmol Suppl (1985), 1988, 185: 105-106. DOI: 10.1111/j.1755-3768.1988.tb02680.x.
15.	Ikuno Y, Jo Y, Hamasaki T, et al. Ocular risk factors for choroidal neovascularization in pathologic myopia[J]. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci, 2010, 51(7): 3721-3725. DOI: 10.1167/iovs.09-3493.
16.	Lee CY, Hsia Y, Tsui MC, et al. Correlation of visual acuity and outer retinal thickness in myopic atrophic maculopathy: a retrospective review[J]. Ophthalmol Ther, 2023, 12(4): 1989-2003. DOI: 10.1007/s40123-023-00710-3.
17.	Deng J, Xu X, Pan CW, et al. Myopic maculopathy among Chinese children with high myopia and its association with choroidal and retinal changes: the SCALE-HM study[J/OL]. Br J Ophthalmol, 2023, 2023: E1(2023-06-01)[2023-10-16]. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37290823/. DOI: 10.1136/bjo-2022-321839. [published online ahead of print].
18.	Yokoi T, Zhu D, Bi HS, et al. Parapapillary diffuse choroidal atrophy in children is associated with extreme thinning of parapapillary choroid[J]. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci, 2017, 58(2): 901-906. DOI: 10.1167/iovs.16-20652.
19.	Ohno-Matsui K, Yoshida T, Futagami S, et al. Patchy atrophy and lacquer cracks predispose to the development of choroidal neovascularisation in pathological myopia[J]. Br J Ophthalmol, 2003, 87(5): 570-573. DOI: 10.1136/bjo.87.5.570.

1. Ng DSC, Lai TYY. Insights into the global epidemic of high myopia and its implications[J]. JAMA Ophthalmol, 2022, 140(2): 123-124. DOI: 10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2021.5347.
2. Fricke TR, Jong M, Naidoo KS, et al. Global prevalence of visual impairment associated with myopic macular degeneration and temporal trends from 2000 through 2050: systematic review, meta-analysis and modelling[J]. Br J Ophthalmol, 2018, 102(7): 855-862. DOI: 10.1136/bjophthalmol-2017-311266.
3. Ruiz-Medrano J, Montero JA, Flores-Moreno I, et al. Myopic maculopathy: current status and proposal for a new classification and grading system (ATN)[J]. Prog Retin Eye Res, 2019, 69: 80-115. DOI: 10.1016/j.preteyeres.2018.10.005.
4. Ohno-Matsui K, Kawasaki R, Jonas JB, et al. International photographic classification and grading system for myopic maculopathy[J]. Am J Ophthalmol, 2015, 159(5): 877-883. DOI: 10.1016/j.ajo.2015.01.022.
5. Hayashi K, Ohno-Matsui K, Shimada N, et al. Long-term pattern of progression of myopic maculopathy: a natural history study[J]. Ophthalmology, 2010, 117(8): 1595-1611. DOI: 10.1016/j.ophtha.2009.11.003.
6. Yokoi T, Jonas JB, Shimada N, et al. Peripapillary diffuse chorioretinal atrophy in children as a sign of eventual pathologic myopia in adults[J]. Ophthalmology, 2016, 123(8): 1783-1787. DOI: 10.1016/j.ophtha.2016.04.029.
7. Malek Y, Chatoui S, Louaya S, et al. Multimodal imaging of a rare cause of diffuse chorioretinal atrophy: Bietti crystalline dystrophy[J]. J Fr Ophtalmol, 2022, 45(6): 660-663. DOI: 10.1016/j.jfo.2021.11.018.
8. Esmaili DD. Chorioretinal atrophy in alagille syndrome[J]. Retin Cases Brief Rep, 2015, 9(4): 330-332. DOI: 10.1097/ICB.0000000000000208.
9. Spaide RF. Age-related choroidal atrophy[J]. Am J Ophthalmol, 2009, 147(5): 801-810. DOI: 10.1016/j.ajo.2008.12.010.
10. Ohno-Matsui K. Pathologic myopia[J]. Asia Pac J Ophthalmol (Phila), 2016, 5(6): 415-423. DOI: 10.1097/APO.00000000 00000230.
11. Fang Y, Du R, Nagaoka N, et al. OCT-based diagnostic criteria for different stages of myopic maculopathy[J]. Ophthalmology, 2019, 126(7): 1018-1032. DOI: 10.1016/j.ophtha.2019.01.012.
12. Liu R, Guo X, Xiao O, et al. Diffuse chorioretinal atrophy in Chinese high myopia: the ZOC-BHVI high myopia cohort study[J]. Retina, 2020, 40(2): 241-248. DOI: 10.1097/IAE.00000000 00002397.
13. Zheng F, Chua J, Ke M, et al. Quantitative OCT angiography of the retinal microvasculature and choriocapillaris in highly myopic eyes with myopic macular degeneration[J]. Br J Ophthalmol, 2022, 106(5): 681-688. DOI: 10.1136/bjophthalmol-2020-317632.
14. Curtin BJ. Pathologic myopia[J]. Acta Ophthalmol Suppl (1985), 1988, 185: 105-106. DOI: 10.1111/j.1755-3768.1988.tb02680.x.
15. Ikuno Y, Jo Y, Hamasaki T, et al. Ocular risk factors for choroidal neovascularization in pathologic myopia[J]. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci, 2010, 51(7): 3721-3725. DOI: 10.1167/iovs.09-3493.
16. Lee CY, Hsia Y, Tsui MC, et al. Correlation of visual acuity and outer retinal thickness in myopic atrophic maculopathy: a retrospective review[J]. Ophthalmol Ther, 2023, 12(4): 1989-2003. DOI: 10.1007/s40123-023-00710-3.
17. Deng J, Xu X, Pan CW, et al. Myopic maculopathy among Chinese children with high myopia and its association with choroidal and retinal changes: the SCALE-HM study[J/OL]. Br J Ophthalmol, 2023, 2023: E1(2023-06-01)[2023-10-16]. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37290823/. DOI: 10.1136/bjo-2022-321839. [published online ahead of print].
18. Yokoi T, Zhu D, Bi HS, et al. Parapapillary diffuse choroidal atrophy in children is associated with extreme thinning of parapapillary choroid[J]. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci, 2017, 58(2): 901-906. DOI: 10.1167/iovs.16-20652.
19. Ohno-Matsui K, Yoshida T, Futagami S, et al. Patchy atrophy and lacquer cracks predispose to the development of choroidal neovascularisation in pathological myopia[J]. Br J Ophthalmol, 2003, 87(5): 570-573. DOI: 10.1136/bjo.87.5.570.

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