Dielectric properties of tidal volume changes in rabbit lung tissue in the 100 MHz~1 GHz band_Journal of Biomedical Engineering

Authors：

QIN Yangchun ¹ , ZHANG Liang ² , LIU Yifan ¹ , FU Feng ¹ , YANG Bin ¹ , YANG Lin ³ , LIU Xuechao ¹ ,  DAI Meng ¹

1. Department of Military Biomedical Engineering, Air Force Medical University, Xi’an 710032, P. R. China;
2. Basic Medical Science Academy, Air Force Medical University, Xi’an 710032, P. R. China;
3. Department of Aerospace Medicine, Air Force Medical University, Xi’an 710032, P. R. China;

Corresponding author：

DAI Meng, Email: daimeng@fmmu.edu.cn

Keywords：

In vivo; Lung tissue; Tidal volume; Terminal open-circuit coaxial probe; Dielectric properties

DOI：

10.7507/1001-5515.202312044

Video：

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This paper investigates the variation of lung tissue dielectric properties with tidal volume under in vivo conditions to provide reliable and valid a priori information for techniques such as microwave imaging. In this study, the dielectric properties of the lung tissue of 30 rabbits were measured in vivo using the open-end coaxial probe method in the frequency band of 100 MHz to 1 GHz, and 6 different sets of tidal volumes (30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80 mL) were set up to study the trends of the dielectric properties, and the data at 2 specific frequency points (433 and 915 MHz) were analyzed statistically. It was found that the dielectric coefficient and conductivity of lung tissue tended to decrease with increasing tidal volume in the frequency range of 100 MHz to 1 GHz, and the differences in the dielectric properties of lung tissue for the 6 groups of tidal volumes at 2 specific frequency points were statistically significant. This paper showed that the dielectric properties of lung tissue tend to vary non-linearly with increasing tidal volume. Based on this, more accurate biological tissue parameters can be provided for bioelectromagnetic imaging techniques such as microwave imaging, which could provide a scientific basis and experimental data support for the improvement of diagnostic methods and equipment for lung diseases.

Citation： QIN Yangchun, ZHANG Liang, LIU Yifan, FU Feng, YANG Bin, YANG Lin, LIU Xuechao, DAI Meng. Dielectric properties of tidal volume changes in rabbit lung tissue in the 100 MHz~1 GHz band. Journal of Biomedical Engineering, 2024, 41(3): 447-454. doi: 10.7507/1001-5515.202312044 Copy

1.	GBD Chronic Respiratory Disease Collaborators. Prevalence and attributable health burden of chronic respiratory diseases, 1990-2017: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017. Lancet Respir Med, 2020, 8(6): 585-596.
2.	Yoon S Y, Concepcion N D P, DiPrete O, et al. Neonatal and infant lung disorders: glossary, practical approach, and diagnoses. J Thorac Imaging, 2024, 39(1): 3-17.
3.	Zouch W, Sagga D, Echtioui A, et al. Detection of COVID-19 from CT and chest X-ray images using deep learning models. Ann Biomed Eng, 2022, 50(7): 825-835.
4.	Triphan S M F, Bauman G, Konietzke P, et al. Magnetic resonance imaging of lung perfusion. J Magn Reson Imaging, 2024, 59(3): 784-796.
5.	徐琦, 王茂州, 赵书杰, 等. 基于微波聚焦天线的肺部感染检测. 华中科技大学学报: 自然科学版, 2023. DOI: 10.13245/j.hust.250459.
6.	Alam N , Ahmed A , Oni M A I, et al. UWB microwave imaging for non-invasive anomaly detection in human lung and possible application in COVID-19 diagnosis: a review//2021 2nd International Conference on Robotics, Electrical and Signal Processing Techniques (ICREST), Dhaka, Bangladesh: IEEE, 2021: 772-776.
7.	Muhammad S N, Isa M M, Jamlos F. Review article of microwave imaging techniques and dielectric properties for lung tumor detection, AIP Conference Proceedings, 2020, 2203(1): 020012.
8.	Alhawari A R H. Lung tumou detection using ultra-wideban microwave imaging approach. J Fundam Appl Sci, 2018, 10(2): 222-234.
9.	Alamro W, Seet B C, Wang L, et al. Early-stage lung tumor detection based on super-wideband microwave reflectometry. Electronics, 2023, 12(1): 1-18.
10.	Sebek J, Bortel R, Prakash P. Broadband lung dielectric properties over the ablative temperature range: experimental measurements and parametric models. Med Phys, 2019, 46(10): 4291-4303.
11.	刘洪兴, 程妍妍, 张萌, 等. 2 450 MHz下生物组织介电特性的温度依赖性实验. 生物医学工程学杂志, 2021, 38(4): 703-708.
12.	Witsoe D A, Kinnen E. Electrical resistivity of lung at 100 kHz. Medical and Biological Engineering, 1967, 5(3): 239-248.
13.	Chaudhry R, Omole A E, Bordoni B. Anatomy, thorax, lungs. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing, 2024. Bookshelf ID: NBK470197.
14.	Hahn G M, Kernahan P, Martinez A, et al. Some heat transfer problems associated with heating by ultrasound, microwaves, or radio frequency. Ann N Y Acad Sci, 1980, 335: 327-351.
15.	王洁然. 肺组织阻抗频谱测量方法及特性基础研究. 天津: 天津大学, 2014.
16.	Vidjak K, Farin L, Ruvio G, et al. Dielectric properties of healthy ex vivo ovine lung tissue at microwave frequencies. IEEE Trans Dielectr Electr Insul, 2023, 30(3): 1162-1169.
17.	La Gioia A, Porter E, Merunka I, et al. Open-ended coaxial probe technique for dielectric measurement of biological tissues: challenges and common practices. Diagnostics (Basel). 2018, 8(2): 40.
18.	张亮, 季振宇. 生物组织介电测量分析计算模型对比研究. 微波学报, 2020, 36(6): 70-75,88.
19.	Gabriel S , Lau R W , Gabriel C. The dielectric properties of biological tissues: III. Parametric models for the dielectric spectrum of tissues. Phys Med Biol, 1996, 41(11): 2271-2293.
20.	Shi J Y, Chun J Y. Complex permittivity measurement of artificial tissue emulating material using open-ended coaxial probe. IEEE Sensors Journal, 2020, 20(9): 4688-4703.
21.	孙颖. 基于开端同轴探头法的人体肿瘤组织介电特性测量及自动鉴别研究. 广州: 南方医科大学, 2021.
22.	Dunsmore J P. Handbook of microwave component measurements: with advanced VNA techniques. American: Wiley, 2012: 1-611.
23.	郭兰坤, 杜鹏, 魏颖恬, 等. 射频消融后肺组织血管内血栓形成与消融功率及时间的关系: 动物实验研究. 中国介入影像与治疗学, 2023, 20(7): 427-430.
24.	张亮. 基于终端开路同轴反射法的高频段生物组织介电特性测量探索. 长沙: 国防科学技术大学, 2011.
25.	Yu X , Sun Y , Cai K ,et al. Dielectric properties of normal and metastatic lymph nodes ex vivo From lung cancer surgeries. Bioelectromagnetics, 2020, 41(2): 148-155.
26.	Stogryn A. Equations for calculating the dielectric constant of saline water (correspondence). IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques, 1971, 19(8): 733-736.
27.	Nopp P, Harris N D, Zhao T X, et al. Model for the dielectric properties of human lung tissue against frequency and air content. Medical Biological Engineering Computing, 1997, 35(6): 695-702.
28.	Wang J R , Sun B Y , Wang H X ,et al. Experimental study of dielectric properties of human lung tissue in vitro. J Med Biol Eng, 2014, 34(6): 598-604.
29.	Surowiec A J, Stuchly S S, Keaney M, et al. Dielectric polarization of animal lung at radio frequencies. IEEE Trans Biomed Eng, 1987, 34(1): 62-67.
30.	Nopp P, Rapp E, Pfützner H. Dielectric properties of lung tissue as a function of air content. Physics in Medicine and Biology. 1993, 38(6): 699–716.
31.	Fornes-Leal A, Cardona N, Frasson M, et al. Dielectric characterization of in vivo abdominal and thoracic tissues in the 0. 5-26.5 GHz frequency band for wireless body area networks. IEEE Access, 2019, 7: 31854-31864.
32.	Horalskyi L, Hlukhova N, Sokulskyi I. Morphological traits of rabbit lung. Scientific Horizons, 2020, 93(8): 180-188.

1. GBD Chronic Respiratory Disease Collaborators. Prevalence and attributable health burden of chronic respiratory diseases, 1990-2017: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017. Lancet Respir Med, 2020, 8(6): 585-596.
2. Yoon S Y, Concepcion N D P, DiPrete O, et al. Neonatal and infant lung disorders: glossary, practical approach, and diagnoses. J Thorac Imaging, 2024, 39(1): 3-17.
3. Zouch W, Sagga D, Echtioui A, et al. Detection of COVID-19 from CT and chest X-ray images using deep learning models. Ann Biomed Eng, 2022, 50(7): 825-835.
4. Triphan S M F, Bauman G, Konietzke P, et al. Magnetic resonance imaging of lung perfusion. J Magn Reson Imaging, 2024, 59(3): 784-796.
5. 徐琦, 王茂州, 赵书杰, 等. 基于微波聚焦天线的肺部感染检测. 华中科技大学学报: 自然科学版, 2023. DOI: 10.13245/j.hust.250459.
6. Alam N , Ahmed A , Oni M A I, et al. UWB microwave imaging for non-invasive anomaly detection in human lung and possible application in COVID-19 diagnosis: a review//2021 2nd International Conference on Robotics, Electrical and Signal Processing Techniques (ICREST), Dhaka, Bangladesh: IEEE, 2021: 772-776.
7. Muhammad S N, Isa M M, Jamlos F. Review article of microwave imaging techniques and dielectric properties for lung tumor detection, AIP Conference Proceedings, 2020, 2203(1): 020012.
8. Alhawari A R H. Lung tumou detection using ultra-wideban microwave imaging approach. J Fundam Appl Sci, 2018, 10(2): 222-234.
9. Alamro W, Seet B C, Wang L, et al. Early-stage lung tumor detection based on super-wideband microwave reflectometry. Electronics, 2023, 12(1): 1-18.
10. Sebek J, Bortel R, Prakash P. Broadband lung dielectric properties over the ablative temperature range: experimental measurements and parametric models. Med Phys, 2019, 46(10): 4291-4303.
11. 刘洪兴, 程妍妍, 张萌, 等. 2 450 MHz下生物组织介电特性的温度依赖性实验. 生物医学工程学杂志, 2021, 38(4): 703-708.
12. Witsoe D A, Kinnen E. Electrical resistivity of lung at 100 kHz. Medical and Biological Engineering, 1967, 5(3): 239-248.
13. Chaudhry R, Omole A E, Bordoni B. Anatomy, thorax, lungs. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing, 2024. Bookshelf ID: NBK470197.
14. Hahn G M, Kernahan P, Martinez A, et al. Some heat transfer problems associated with heating by ultrasound, microwaves, or radio frequency. Ann N Y Acad Sci, 1980, 335: 327-351.
15. 王洁然. 肺组织阻抗频谱测量方法及特性基础研究. 天津: 天津大学, 2014.
16. Vidjak K, Farin L, Ruvio G, et al. Dielectric properties of healthy ex vivo ovine lung tissue at microwave frequencies. IEEE Trans Dielectr Electr Insul, 2023, 30(3): 1162-1169.
17. La Gioia A, Porter E, Merunka I, et al. Open-ended coaxial probe technique for dielectric measurement of biological tissues: challenges and common practices. Diagnostics (Basel). 2018, 8(2): 40.
18. 张亮, 季振宇. 生物组织介电测量分析计算模型对比研究. 微波学报, 2020, 36(6): 70-75,88.
19. Gabriel S , Lau R W , Gabriel C. The dielectric properties of biological tissues: III. Parametric models for the dielectric spectrum of tissues. Phys Med Biol, 1996, 41(11): 2271-2293.
20. Shi J Y, Chun J Y. Complex permittivity measurement of artificial tissue emulating material using open-ended coaxial probe. IEEE Sensors Journal, 2020, 20(9): 4688-4703.
21. 孙颖. 基于开端同轴探头法的人体肿瘤组织介电特性测量及自动鉴别研究. 广州: 南方医科大学, 2021.
22. Dunsmore J P. Handbook of microwave component measurements: with advanced VNA techniques. American: Wiley, 2012: 1-611.
23. 郭兰坤, 杜鹏, 魏颖恬, 等. 射频消融后肺组织血管内血栓形成与消融功率及时间的关系: 动物实验研究. 中国介入影像与治疗学, 2023, 20(7): 427-430.
24. 张亮. 基于终端开路同轴反射法的高频段生物组织介电特性测量探索. 长沙: 国防科学技术大学, 2011.
25. Yu X , Sun Y , Cai K ,et al. Dielectric properties of normal and metastatic lymph nodes ex vivo From lung cancer surgeries. Bioelectromagnetics, 2020, 41(2): 148-155.
26. Stogryn A. Equations for calculating the dielectric constant of saline water (correspondence). IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques, 1971, 19(8): 733-736.
27. Nopp P, Harris N D, Zhao T X, et al. Model for the dielectric properties of human lung tissue against frequency and air content. Medical Biological Engineering Computing, 1997, 35(6): 695-702.
28. Wang J R , Sun B Y , Wang H X ,et al. Experimental study of dielectric properties of human lung tissue in vitro. J Med Biol Eng, 2014, 34(6): 598-604.
29. Surowiec A J, Stuchly S S, Keaney M, et al. Dielectric polarization of animal lung at radio frequencies. IEEE Trans Biomed Eng, 1987, 34(1): 62-67.
30. Nopp P, Rapp E, Pfützner H. Dielectric properties of lung tissue as a function of air content. Physics in Medicine and Biology. 1993, 38(6): 699–716.
31. Fornes-Leal A, Cardona N, Frasson M, et al. Dielectric characterization of in vivo abdominal and thoracic tissues in the 0. 5-26.5 GHz frequency band for wireless body area networks. IEEE Access, 2019, 7: 31854-31864.
32. Horalskyi L, Hlukhova N, Sokulskyi I. Morphological traits of rabbit lung. Scientific Horizons, 2020, 93(8): 180-188.

Journal of Biomedical Engineering

Dielectric properties of tidal volume changes in rabbit lung tissue in the 100 MHz~1 GHz band

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