Progress, problems and development direction of the new technology of smartphone-based medical examination_West China Medical Journal

Authors：

FU Qiangqiang , WU Ze ,  ZHENG Lei

Department of Clinical Laboratory, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, P. R. China;

Corresponding author：

ZHENG Lei, Email: nfyyzhenglei@smu.edu.cn

Keywords：

Hierarchical diagnosis and treatment; Smartphones; Medical examination; Point of care testing

DOI：

10.7507/1002-0179.202107252

Video：

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This article discusses the new needs and development direction of medical testing technology under the hierarchical diagnosis and treatment system in China, outlines the principles and advantages of new medical testing technology based on smartphones, and briefly describes the development status and research results of smartphone testing technology in specific medical testing directions such as immune analysis, nucleic acid analysis, biochemical analysis and cell morphology analysis. In addition, the article also discusses the current problems of smartphone medical testing technology, such as poor compatibility with different models of smartphones, few detection indicators, low automation, lack of clinical verification. Finally, a prospect is made for the possible future development direction of smartphone medical examination technology, aiming to provide a certain reference for the promotion and more reasonable application of smartphone medical examination technology.

Citation： FU Qiangqiang, WU Ze, ZHENG Lei. Progress, problems and development direction of the new technology of smartphone-based medical examination. West China Medical Journal, 2021, 36(8): 1007-1010. doi: 10.7507/1002-0179.202107252 Copy

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2.	Ravindran S. Smartphone science: apps test and track infectious diseases. Nature, 2021, 593(7858): 302-303.
3.	Fozouni P, Son S, Díaz de León Derby M, et al. Amplification-free detection of SARS-CoV-2 with CRISPR-Cas13a and mobile phone microscopy. Cell, 2021, 184(2): 323-333.e9.
4.	Chan J, Raju S, Nandakumar R, et al. Detecting middle ear fluid using smartphones. Sci Transl Med, 2019, 11(492): eaav1102.
5.	Valliappan N, Dai N, Steinberg E, et al. Accelerating eye movement research via accurate and affordable smartphone eye tracking. Nat Commun, 2020, 11(1): 4553.
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9.	Kwon L, Long KD, Wan Y, et al. Medical diagnostics with mobile devices: comparison of intrinsic and extrinsic sensing. Biotechnol Adv, 2016, 34(3): 291-304.
10.	Vashist SK, Luong JH. Trends in in vitro diagnostics and mobile healthcare. Biotechnol Adv, 2016, 34(3): 137-138.
11.	Russell SM, de la Rica R. Policy considerations for mobile biosensors. ACS Sens, 2018, 3(6): 1059-1068.
12.	谢文照, 龚雪琴, 罗爱静. 我国互联网医疗的发展现状及面临的挑战. 中华医学图书情报杂志, 2016, 25(9): 6-9.
13.	Wang LJ, Sun R, Vasile T, et al. High-throughput optical sensing immunoassays on smartphone. Anal Chem, 2016, 88(16): 8302-8308.
14.	Berg B, Cortazar B, Tseng D, et al. Cellphone-based hand-held microplate reader for point-of-care testing of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. ACS Nano, 2015, 9(8): 7857-7866.
15.	Fu Q, Wu Z, Xu F, et al. A portable smart phone-based plasmonic nanosensor readout platform that measures transmitted light intensities of nanosubstrates using an ambient light sensor. Lab Chip, 2016, 16(10): 1927-1933.
16.	He H, Liu B, Wen S, et al. Quantitative lateral flow strip sensor using highly doped upconversion nanoparticles. Anal Chem, 2018, 90(21): 12356-12360.
17.	Fu Q, Wu Z, Li X, et al. Novel versatile smart phone based Microplate readers for on-site diagnoses. Biosens Bioelectron, 2016, 81: 524-531.
18.	Fu Q. A smartphone-based multi-wavelength photometer for on-site detection of the liquid colorimetric assays for clinical biochemicalanalyses. Sensor Actuat B-Chem, 2020, 329: 129-266.
19.	Burke AE, Thaler KM, Geva M, et al. Feasibility and acceptability of home use of a smartphone-based urine testing application amongwomen in prenatal care. Am J Obstet Gynecol, 2019, 221(5): 527-528.
20.	Xu H, Xia A, Wang D, et al. An ultraportable and versatile point-of-care DNA testing platform. Sci Adv, 2020, 6(17): eaaz7445.
21.	Kühnemund M, Wei Q, Darai E, et al. Targeted DNA sequencing and in situ mutation analysis using mobile phone microscopy. Nat Commun, 2017, 8: 13913.
22.	Zhu H, Mavandadi S, Coskun AF, et al. Optofluidic fluorescent imaging cytometry on a cell phone. Anal Chem, 2011, 83(17): 6641-6647.
23.	D’Ambrosio MV, Bakalar M, Bennuru S, et al. Point-of-care quantification of blood-borne filarial parasites with a mobile phone microscope. Sci Transl Med, 2015, 7(286): 286re4.
24.	Uddin MJ, Bhuiyan NH, Hong JH, et al. Smartphone-based fully automated optofluidic device with laser irradiation-induced image whitening. Anal Chem, 2021, 93(16): 6394-6402.
25.	Ceylan Koydemir H, Ozcan A. Smartphones democratize advanced biomedical instruments and foster innovation. Clin Pharmacol Ther, 2018, 104(1): 38-41.
26.	徐欢, 陈鸣. 基于智能手机的微流控芯片及其在病原体检测中的应用. 中华检验医学杂志, 2019, 42(10): 821-826.
27.	Zarei M. Portable biosensing devices for point-of-care diagnostics: recent developments and applications. Trac-Trend Anal Chem, 2017, 91: 26-41.

1. Breslauer DN, Maamari RN, Switz NA, et al. Mobile phone based clinical microscopy for global health applications. PLoS One, 2009, 4(7): e6320.
2. Ravindran S. Smartphone science: apps test and track infectious diseases. Nature, 2021, 593(7858): 302-303.
3. Fozouni P, Son S, Díaz de León Derby M, et al. Amplification-free detection of SARS-CoV-2 with CRISPR-Cas13a and mobile phone microscopy. Cell, 2021, 184(2): 323-333.e9.
4. Chan J, Raju S, Nandakumar R, et al. Detecting middle ear fluid using smartphones. Sci Transl Med, 2019, 11(492): eaav1102.
5. Valliappan N, Dai N, Steinberg E, et al. Accelerating eye movement research via accurate and affordable smartphone eye tracking. Nat Commun, 2020, 11(1): 4553.
6. Gan SK, Poon JK. The world of biomedical apps: their uses, limitations, and potential. Scientific Phone Apps and Mobile Devices, 2016, 2(1): 6.
7. 中华人民共和国国务院办公厅. 全国医疗卫生服务体系规划纲要(2015-2020 年). 中国实用乡村医生杂志, 2015, 22(9): 1-11.
8. 中华人民共和国国家卫生和计划生育委员会. 医疗机构设置规划指导原则(2016-2020 年). 中国实用乡村医生杂志, 2017, 24(2): 3-6.
9. Kwon L, Long KD, Wan Y, et al. Medical diagnostics with mobile devices: comparison of intrinsic and extrinsic sensing. Biotechnol Adv, 2016, 34(3): 291-304.
10. Vashist SK, Luong JH. Trends in in vitro diagnostics and mobile healthcare. Biotechnol Adv, 2016, 34(3): 137-138.
11. Russell SM, de la Rica R. Policy considerations for mobile biosensors. ACS Sens, 2018, 3(6): 1059-1068.
12. 谢文照, 龚雪琴, 罗爱静. 我国互联网医疗的发展现状及面临的挑战. 中华医学图书情报杂志, 2016, 25(9): 6-9.
13. Wang LJ, Sun R, Vasile T, et al. High-throughput optical sensing immunoassays on smartphone. Anal Chem, 2016, 88(16): 8302-8308.
14. Berg B, Cortazar B, Tseng D, et al. Cellphone-based hand-held microplate reader for point-of-care testing of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. ACS Nano, 2015, 9(8): 7857-7866.
15. Fu Q, Wu Z, Xu F, et al. A portable smart phone-based plasmonic nanosensor readout platform that measures transmitted light intensities of nanosubstrates using an ambient light sensor. Lab Chip, 2016, 16(10): 1927-1933.
16. He H, Liu B, Wen S, et al. Quantitative lateral flow strip sensor using highly doped upconversion nanoparticles. Anal Chem, 2018, 90(21): 12356-12360.
17. Fu Q, Wu Z, Li X, et al. Novel versatile smart phone based Microplate readers for on-site diagnoses. Biosens Bioelectron, 2016, 81: 524-531.
18. Fu Q. A smartphone-based multi-wavelength photometer for on-site detection of the liquid colorimetric assays for clinical biochemicalanalyses. Sensor Actuat B-Chem, 2020, 329: 129-266.
19. Burke AE, Thaler KM, Geva M, et al. Feasibility and acceptability of home use of a smartphone-based urine testing application amongwomen in prenatal care. Am J Obstet Gynecol, 2019, 221(5): 527-528.
20. Xu H, Xia A, Wang D, et al. An ultraportable and versatile point-of-care DNA testing platform. Sci Adv, 2020, 6(17): eaaz7445.
21. Kühnemund M, Wei Q, Darai E, et al. Targeted DNA sequencing and in situ mutation analysis using mobile phone microscopy. Nat Commun, 2017, 8: 13913.
22. Zhu H, Mavandadi S, Coskun AF, et al. Optofluidic fluorescent imaging cytometry on a cell phone. Anal Chem, 2011, 83(17): 6641-6647.
23. D’Ambrosio MV, Bakalar M, Bennuru S, et al. Point-of-care quantification of blood-borne filarial parasites with a mobile phone microscope. Sci Transl Med, 2015, 7(286): 286re4.
24. Uddin MJ, Bhuiyan NH, Hong JH, et al. Smartphone-based fully automated optofluidic device with laser irradiation-induced image whitening. Anal Chem, 2021, 93(16): 6394-6402.
25. Ceylan Koydemir H, Ozcan A. Smartphones democratize advanced biomedical instruments and foster innovation. Clin Pharmacol Ther, 2018, 104(1): 38-41.
26. 徐欢, 陈鸣. 基于智能手机的微流控芯片及其在病原体检测中的应用. 中华检验医学杂志, 2019, 42(10): 821-826.
27. Zarei M. Portable biosensing devices for point-of-care diagnostics: recent developments and applications. Trac-Trend Anal Chem, 2017, 91: 26-41.

West China Medical Journal

Progress, problems and development direction of the new technology of smartphone-based medical examination

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