Research Progress of Microsatellite and Multiple Primary Lung Cancer_Chinese Journal of Clinical Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery

Authors：

WANGXin , SHENCheng , TIANLong ,  CHEGuo-wei

Department of Thoracic Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, P. R. China;

Corresponding author：

CHEGuo-wei, Email: guowei_che@yahoo.com

Keywords：

Microsatellite instability; Loss of heterozygosity; Multiple primary lung cancer; Cell free DNA

DOI：

10.7507/1007-4848.20140193

Video：

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A microsatellite is a short, repetitive sequence of DNA (usually 2 to 4 nucleotides in length). Multiple primary lung cancers (MPLC) are more than one primary lung cancer lesions arising synchronously in different locations of the same or different side of the lung. These neoplasms may have same or different histological types, but one lesion is not a metastasis from another, as each neoplasm arises independently in the lung. Abnormal microsatellite changes are closely related to the pathogenesis and development of MPLC. In this review, several aspects are discussed:①definition and origin of microsatellite; ②abnormal changes of microsatellite; ③definition and categories of MPLC; ④the influence of microsatellite on early diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of MPLC.

Citation： WANGXin, SHENCheng, TIANLong, CHEGuo-wei. Research Progress of Microsatellite and Multiple Primary Lung Cancer. Chinese Journal of Clinical Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, 2014, 21(5): 670-674. doi: 10.7507/1007-4848.20140193 Copy

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2.	Weber JL, May PE. Abundant class of human DNA polymorphisms which can be typed using the polymerase chain reaction. Am J Hum Genet, 1989, 44(3):388-396.
3.	Lindstedt BA, Ryberg D, Zienolddiny S, et al. Hras1 VNTR alleles as susceptibility markers for lung cancer:relationship to microsatellite instability in tumors. Anticancer Res, 1999, 19(6C):5523-5527.
4.	Dib C, Faure S, Fizames C, et al. A comprehensive genetic map of the human genome based on 5264 microsatellites. Nature, 1996, 380 (6570):152-154.
5.	Pearson CE, Eichler EE, Lorenzetti D, et al. Interrupt ions in the triplet repeats of SCA1 and FRAXA reduce the propensity and complexity of slipped strand DNA (S_DNA)formation. Biochemistry, 1998, 37(8):2701-2708.
6.	Arzimanoglou II, Gilbert F, Barber HR. Microsatellite instability in human solid tumors. Cancer, 1998, 82(10):1808-1820.
7.	Detterbeck FC, Jones DR, Kemstine KH, et al. Lung cancer.Special treatment issues. Chest, 2003, 123(1 Suppl):244s-258s.
8.	Osaki T, Yoneda K, Yamamoto T, et al. Clinical investigation on pulmonary metastasis of head and neck carcinomas. Oncology, 2000, 59 (3):196-203.
9.	Yoshimoto K, Yoshida J, Ishii G, et al. Two lung adenocarcinomas in the same lobe:multiple primaries or intrapulmonary metastasis? Ann Thorac Cardiovasc Surg, 2011, 17(6):584-587.
10.	Coleman WB, Tsongalis GJ. Molecular mechanisms of human carcinogenesis. EXS, 2006(96):321-349.
11.	Ono K, Sugio K, Uramoto H, et al. Discrimination of multiple primary lung cancers from intrapulmonary metastasis based on the expression of four cancer-related proteins. Cancer, 2009, 115(15):3489-3500.
12.	Garnis C, Lockwood WW, Vucic E, et al. High resolution analysis of non-small cell lung cancer cell lines by whole genome tiling path array CGH. Int J Cancer, 2006, 118(6):1556-1564.
13.	van der Sijp JR, van Meerbeeck JP, Maat AP, et al. Determination of the molecular relationship between multiple tumors within one patient is of clinical importance. J Clin Oncol, 2002, 20(4):1105-1114.
14.	Reichel MB, Ohgaki H, Petersen I, et al. p53 mutations in primary human lung tumors and their metastases. Mol Carcinog, 1994, 9(2), 105-109.
15.	Chung KY, Mukhopadhyay T, Kim J, et al. Discordant p53 gene mutations in primary head and neck cancers and corresponding second primary cancers of the upper aerodigestive tract. Cancer Res, 1993, 53(7), 1676-1683.
16.	Gasparotto D, Maestro R, Barzan L, et al. Recurrences and second primary tumours in the head and neck region:differentiation by p53 mutation analysis. Ann Oncol, 1995, 6(9):933-939.
17.	Wang X, Christiani DC, Mark EJ, et al. Carcinogen exposure, p53 alteration, and K-ras mutation in synchronous multiple primary lung carcinoma. Cancer, 1999, 85(8):1734-1739.
18.	Matsuzoe D, Hideshima T, Ohshima K, et al. Discrimination of double primary lung cancer from intrapulmonary metastasis by p53 gene mutation. Br J Cancer, 1999, 79(9-10):1549-1552.
19.	Mitsudomi T, Yatabe Y, Koshikawa T, et al. Mutations of the P53 tumor suppressor gene as clonal marker for multiple primary lung cancers. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg, 1997, 114(3):354-360.
20.	Mitsudomi T, Oyama T, Nishida K, et al. p53 nuclear immunostaining and gene mutations in non-small-cell lung cancer and their effects on patient survival. Ann Oncol, 1995, 6(Suppl 3):S9-S13.
21.	Lau DH, Yang B, Hu R, et al. Clonal origin of multiple lung cancers:K-ras and p53 mutations determined by nonradioisotopic single-strand conformation polymorphism analysis. Diagn Mol Pathol, 1997, 6(4):179-184.
22.	Wu CT, Lin MW, Hsieh MS, et al. New aspects of the clinicopathology and genetic profile of metachronous multiple lung cancers. Ann Surg, 2014, 259(5):1018-1024.
23.	Kuiper JL, Heideman DA, Thunnissen E, et al. Incidence of T790M mutation in (sequential)rebiopsies in EGFR-mutated NSCLC-patients. Lung Cancer, 2014, 85(1):19-24.
24.	Geurts TW, Nederlof PM, van den Brekel MW, et al. Pulmonary squamous cell carcinoma following head and neck squamous cell carcinoma:metastasis or second primary? Clin Cancer Res, 2005, 11(18):6608-6614.
25.	Mercer RR, Lucas NC, Simmons AN, et al. Molecular discrimination of multiple primary versus metastatic squamous cell cancers of the head/neck and lung. Exp Mol Pathol, 2009, 86(1):1-9.
26.	Shen C, Xu H, Liu L, et al. "Unique trend" and "contradictory trend" in discrimination of primary synchronous lung cancer and metastatic lung cancer. BMC Cancer, 2013, 13:467.
27.	Huang J, Behrens C, Wistuba I, et al. Molecular analysis of synchronous and metachronous tumors of the lung:impact on management and prognosis. Ann Diagn Pathol, 2001, 5(6):321-329.
28.	Deschamps C, Pairolero PC, Trastek VF, et al. Multiple primary lung cancers. Results of surgical treatment. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg, 1990, 99(5):769-777.
29.	Van Rens MT, Zanen P, Brutel de La Riviere A, et al. Survival in synchronous vs. single lung cancer:upstaging better reflects prognosis. Chest, 2000, 118(4):952-958.
30.	Leon SA, Shapiro B, Sklaroff DM, et al. Free DNA in the serum of cancer patients and the effect of therapy. Cancer, 1977, 37(3):646-650.
31.	Ludovini V, Pistola L, Gregorc V, et al. Plasma DNA, microsatellite alterations, and p53 tumor mutations are associated with disease-free survival in radically resected non-small cell lung cancer patients:a study of the perugia multidisciplinary team for thoracic oncology. J Thorac Oncol, 2008, 3(4):365-373.
32.	Yoon KA, Park S, Lee SH, et al. Comparison of circulating plasma DNA levels between lung cancer patients and healthy controls. J Mol Diagn, 2009, 11(3):182-185.
33.	Vinayanuwattikun C, Sriuranpong V, Tanasanvimon S, et al. Epithelial-specific methylation marker:a potential plasma biomarker in advanced non-small cell lung cancer. J Thorac Oncol, 2011, 6(11):1818-1825.
34.	Akca H, Demiray A, Yaren A, et al. Utility of serum DNA and pyrosequencing for the detection of EGFR mutations in non-small cell lung cancer. Cancer Genet, 2013, 206(3):73-80.
35.	Beau-Faller M, Gaub MP, Schneider A, et al. Plasma DNA microsatellite panel as sensitive and tumor-specific marker in lung cancer patients. Int J Cancer, 2003, 105(3):361-370.
36.	Bruhn N, Beinert T, Oehm C, et al. Detection of microsatellite alterations in the DNA isolated from tumor cells and from plasma DNA of patients with lung cancer. Ann N Y Acad Sci, 2000, 906:72-82.
37.	Mayall F, Fairweather S, Wilkins R, et al. Microsatellite abnormalities in plasma of patients with breast carcinoma:concordance with the primary tumour. J Clin Pathol, 1999, 52(5):363-366.
38.	Sozzi G, Conte D, Mariani L, et al. Analysis of circulating tumor DNA in plasma at diagnosis and during follow-up of lung cancer patients. Cancer Res, 2001, 61(12):4675-4678.
39.	Sozzi G, Conte D, Mariani L, et al. Analysis of circulating tumor DNA in plasma at diagnosis and during follow-up of lung cancer patients. Cancer Res, 2001, 61(12):4675-4678.

1. Chin EC, Senior ML, Shu H, et al. Maize simple repeative DNA sequences:abundance and all elevariation. Genome, 1996, 39(5):866-873.
2. Weber JL, May PE. Abundant class of human DNA polymorphisms which can be typed using the polymerase chain reaction. Am J Hum Genet, 1989, 44(3):388-396.
3. Lindstedt BA, Ryberg D, Zienolddiny S, et al. Hras1 VNTR alleles as susceptibility markers for lung cancer:relationship to microsatellite instability in tumors. Anticancer Res, 1999, 19(6C):5523-5527.
4. Dib C, Faure S, Fizames C, et al. A comprehensive genetic map of the human genome based on 5264 microsatellites. Nature, 1996, 380 (6570):152-154.
5. Pearson CE, Eichler EE, Lorenzetti D, et al. Interrupt ions in the triplet repeats of SCA1 and FRAXA reduce the propensity and complexity of slipped strand DNA (S_DNA)formation. Biochemistry, 1998, 37(8):2701-2708.
6. Arzimanoglou II, Gilbert F, Barber HR. Microsatellite instability in human solid tumors. Cancer, 1998, 82(10):1808-1820.
7. Detterbeck FC, Jones DR, Kemstine KH, et al. Lung cancer.Special treatment issues. Chest, 2003, 123(1 Suppl):244s-258s.
8. Osaki T, Yoneda K, Yamamoto T, et al. Clinical investigation on pulmonary metastasis of head and neck carcinomas. Oncology, 2000, 59 (3):196-203.
9. Yoshimoto K, Yoshida J, Ishii G, et al. Two lung adenocarcinomas in the same lobe:multiple primaries or intrapulmonary metastasis? Ann Thorac Cardiovasc Surg, 2011, 17(6):584-587.
10. Coleman WB, Tsongalis GJ. Molecular mechanisms of human carcinogenesis. EXS, 2006(96):321-349.
11. Ono K, Sugio K, Uramoto H, et al. Discrimination of multiple primary lung cancers from intrapulmonary metastasis based on the expression of four cancer-related proteins. Cancer, 2009, 115(15):3489-3500.
12. Garnis C, Lockwood WW, Vucic E, et al. High resolution analysis of non-small cell lung cancer cell lines by whole genome tiling path array CGH. Int J Cancer, 2006, 118(6):1556-1564.
13. van der Sijp JR, van Meerbeeck JP, Maat AP, et al. Determination of the molecular relationship between multiple tumors within one patient is of clinical importance. J Clin Oncol, 2002, 20(4):1105-1114.
14. Reichel MB, Ohgaki H, Petersen I, et al. p53 mutations in primary human lung tumors and their metastases. Mol Carcinog, 1994, 9(2), 105-109.
15. Chung KY, Mukhopadhyay T, Kim J, et al. Discordant p53 gene mutations in primary head and neck cancers and corresponding second primary cancers of the upper aerodigestive tract. Cancer Res, 1993, 53(7), 1676-1683.
16. Gasparotto D, Maestro R, Barzan L, et al. Recurrences and second primary tumours in the head and neck region:differentiation by p53 mutation analysis. Ann Oncol, 1995, 6(9):933-939.
17. Wang X, Christiani DC, Mark EJ, et al. Carcinogen exposure, p53 alteration, and K-ras mutation in synchronous multiple primary lung carcinoma. Cancer, 1999, 85(8):1734-1739.
18. Matsuzoe D, Hideshima T, Ohshima K, et al. Discrimination of double primary lung cancer from intrapulmonary metastasis by p53 gene mutation. Br J Cancer, 1999, 79(9-10):1549-1552.
19. Mitsudomi T, Yatabe Y, Koshikawa T, et al. Mutations of the P53 tumor suppressor gene as clonal marker for multiple primary lung cancers. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg, 1997, 114(3):354-360.
20. Mitsudomi T, Oyama T, Nishida K, et al. p53 nuclear immunostaining and gene mutations in non-small-cell lung cancer and their effects on patient survival. Ann Oncol, 1995, 6(Suppl 3):S9-S13.
21. Lau DH, Yang B, Hu R, et al. Clonal origin of multiple lung cancers:K-ras and p53 mutations determined by nonradioisotopic single-strand conformation polymorphism analysis. Diagn Mol Pathol, 1997, 6(4):179-184.
22. Wu CT, Lin MW, Hsieh MS, et al. New aspects of the clinicopathology and genetic profile of metachronous multiple lung cancers. Ann Surg, 2014, 259(5):1018-1024.
23. Kuiper JL, Heideman DA, Thunnissen E, et al. Incidence of T790M mutation in (sequential)rebiopsies in EGFR-mutated NSCLC-patients. Lung Cancer, 2014, 85(1):19-24.
24. Geurts TW, Nederlof PM, van den Brekel MW, et al. Pulmonary squamous cell carcinoma following head and neck squamous cell carcinoma:metastasis or second primary? Clin Cancer Res, 2005, 11(18):6608-6614.
25. Mercer RR, Lucas NC, Simmons AN, et al. Molecular discrimination of multiple primary versus metastatic squamous cell cancers of the head/neck and lung. Exp Mol Pathol, 2009, 86(1):1-9.
26. Shen C, Xu H, Liu L, et al. "Unique trend" and "contradictory trend" in discrimination of primary synchronous lung cancer and metastatic lung cancer. BMC Cancer, 2013, 13:467.
27. Huang J, Behrens C, Wistuba I, et al. Molecular analysis of synchronous and metachronous tumors of the lung:impact on management and prognosis. Ann Diagn Pathol, 2001, 5(6):321-329.
28. Deschamps C, Pairolero PC, Trastek VF, et al. Multiple primary lung cancers. Results of surgical treatment. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg, 1990, 99(5):769-777.
29. Van Rens MT, Zanen P, Brutel de La Riviere A, et al. Survival in synchronous vs. single lung cancer:upstaging better reflects prognosis. Chest, 2000, 118(4):952-958.
30. Leon SA, Shapiro B, Sklaroff DM, et al. Free DNA in the serum of cancer patients and the effect of therapy. Cancer, 1977, 37(3):646-650.
31. Ludovini V, Pistola L, Gregorc V, et al. Plasma DNA, microsatellite alterations, and p53 tumor mutations are associated with disease-free survival in radically resected non-small cell lung cancer patients:a study of the perugia multidisciplinary team for thoracic oncology. J Thorac Oncol, 2008, 3(4):365-373.
32. Yoon KA, Park S, Lee SH, et al. Comparison of circulating plasma DNA levels between lung cancer patients and healthy controls. J Mol Diagn, 2009, 11(3):182-185.
33. Vinayanuwattikun C, Sriuranpong V, Tanasanvimon S, et al. Epithelial-specific methylation marker:a potential plasma biomarker in advanced non-small cell lung cancer. J Thorac Oncol, 2011, 6(11):1818-1825.
34. Akca H, Demiray A, Yaren A, et al. Utility of serum DNA and pyrosequencing for the detection of EGFR mutations in non-small cell lung cancer. Cancer Genet, 2013, 206(3):73-80.
35. Beau-Faller M, Gaub MP, Schneider A, et al. Plasma DNA microsatellite panel as sensitive and tumor-specific marker in lung cancer patients. Int J Cancer, 2003, 105(3):361-370.
36. Bruhn N, Beinert T, Oehm C, et al. Detection of microsatellite alterations in the DNA isolated from tumor cells and from plasma DNA of patients with lung cancer. Ann N Y Acad Sci, 2000, 906:72-82.
37. Mayall F, Fairweather S, Wilkins R, et al. Microsatellite abnormalities in plasma of patients with breast carcinoma:concordance with the primary tumour. J Clin Pathol, 1999, 52(5):363-366.
38. Sozzi G, Conte D, Mariani L, et al. Analysis of circulating tumor DNA in plasma at diagnosis and during follow-up of lung cancer patients. Cancer Res, 2001, 61(12):4675-4678.
39. Sozzi G, Conte D, Mariani L, et al. Analysis of circulating tumor DNA in plasma at diagnosis and during follow-up of lung cancer patients. Cancer Res, 2001, 61(12):4675-4678.

Chinese Journal of Clinical Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery

Research Progress of Microsatellite and Multiple Primary Lung Cancer

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