YIN Shijie 1 , YUE Xiao 1 , WANG Chunhua 1 , WU Wei 2 , QIN Guanbin 2 , LUO Lan 2 , HUANG Qiangxin 3 , HE Guixin 4
  • 1. Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, 530200, P. R. China;
  • 2. Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, 530023, P. R. China;
  • 3. Department of Thoracic and Cardiac Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, 530023, P. R. China;
  • 4. Department of the Second Ward of Cardiovascular Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, 530023, P. R. China;
HE Guixin, Email: he_guixin@163.com
In vitro beating pig heart; animal model; extracorporeal membrane oxygenation; myocardial protection
10.7507/1007-4848.202404066
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Objective To explore the construction of heart preservation model of empty beating donor based on extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO). Methods From January 2022 to August 2023, 20 Guangxi Bama miniature pigs weighing 25-30 kg were selected, half male and half female. Under general anesthesia and heparinization, a midline thoracotomy was performed. The pericardium was cut after freeing the anterior and posterior vena cavae, and a perfusion needle was inserted near the brachiocephalic artery in the ascending aorta, connected to a blood collection bag to collect 500-600 mL of blood. The anterior and posterior vena cavae were ligated, the aorta was blocked and perfused with HTK solution to stop the heart beating. The superior and inferior vena cavae were cut off, the right pulmonary vein was decompressed, the aorta and left and right pulmonary arteries and veins were cut off, and the whole heart was removed. An ECMO device was used to continuously perfuse a cardioprotective solution mainly composed of oxygenated warm blood, maintaining the isolated pig heart beating for 8 hours, monitoring (once/hour) ECMO perfusion parameters, blood gas indicators, perfusate electrolytes, detecting inflammatory factors, myocardial enzymes, myoglobin, and troponin levels. Myocardial tissue was taken for hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining to observe myocardial cell damage and evaluate the quality of heart preservation. Results Among the 20 isolated beating preservation pig hearts, 17 successfully resumed beating, 3 experienced ventricular fibrillation, resuscitated after intracardiac electrical defibrillation, and all 20 pig hearts successfully beat for 8 hours. There was no statistical difference in ECMO perfusion parameters, blood gas indicators, perfusate electrolytes, and inflammatory factors at each time point (P>0.05). There were statistical increases in myocardial enzymes, myoglobin, and troponin levels (P<0.05). HE staining results suggested that there was no severe myocardial damage. Conclusion ECMO technology can be used for pig heart preservation with good results, and this study provides experimental evidence for improving heart preservation research in clinical heart transplantation.