Advances in the application of circulating tumor DNA liquid biopsy for monitoring molecular residual disease in the diagnosis and treatment of non-small cell lung cancer_Chinese Journal of Clinical Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery

Authors：

TANG Xu ^1,2 , WANG Jin ^1,2 , ZHOU Wensheng ^1,2 , ZUO Zhuang ^1,2 , YONG Sheng ^1,2 , ZHANG Zhiyuan ¹ , DONG Xinchun ^1,2 ,  GOU Yunjiu ^1,2

1. The First Clinical Department of Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, 730000, P. R. China;
2. Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Third Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, P. R. China;

Corresponding author：

GOU Yunjiu, Email: gouyunjiu@163.com

Keywords：

Non-small cell lung cancer; liquid biopsy; circulating tumor DNA; molecular residual disease; review

DOI：

10.7507/1007-4848.202502050

Video：

Export PDF Favorites Scan Get Citation

Abstract Full text Figures/Tables Video References Cited by

Lung cancer is the malignant tumor with the highest incidence and mortality in China and even worldwide. Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) constitutes the vast majority of cases. The current innovation in lung cancer diagnosis and treatment systems is progressively transitioning from traditional pathological classification to molecular characteristic-guided precision medicine. However, the conventional gold standard for molecular detection-tissue biopsy-faces limitations including invasive procedures and non-repeatable sample acquisition. The breakthrough in liquid biopsy technology has provided new clinical pathways, particularly through circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) detection for molecular residual disease (MRD) monitoring, which has emerged as a research hotspot in the liquid biopsy field. Through continuous optimization, this approach has achieved breakthroughs in high sensitivity and specificity. Its non-invasive nature eliminates the risks associated with tissue puncture, demonstrating significant potential in various clinical applications including early/advanced NSCLC diagnosis, treatment response monitoring, drug resistance evaluation, and prognosis prediction.

1.	韩宝惠, 王洁. 中华医学会肺癌临床诊疗指南(2024版). 中华肿瘤杂志, 2024, 46(9): 805-843.Han BH, Wang J. Chinese medical association guideline for clinical diagnosis and treatment of lung cancer (2024 edition). Chin J Oncol, 2024, 46(9): 805-843.
2.	王家乐, 邱天羽, 崔亚男, 等. 2024 CSCO非小细胞肺癌指南(晚期部分)解读. 同济大学学报(医学版), 2024, 45(4): 465-470.Wang JL, Qiu TY, Cui YN, et al. Interpretation of 2024 CSCO guidelines for advanced non-small cell lung cancer. J Tongji Univ (Med Sci), 2024, 45(4): 465-470.
3.	许宽, 赵珩, 叶波. 2024年美国国立综合癌症网络 (NCCN) 非小细胞肺癌指南手术部分解读. 中华胸部外科电子杂志, 2024, 11(2): 794-804.Xu K, Zhao H, Ye B. Interpretation of surgical section in 2024 NCCN guidelines for non-small cell lung cancer. Chin J Thorac Surg (Electron Ed), 2024, 11(2): 794-804.
4.	中华医学会肿瘤学分会. 中华医学会肺癌临床诊疗指南 (2024版). 中华肿瘤杂志, 2024, 46(9): 805-843.Oncology Society of Chinese Medical Association. Chinese Medical Association guideline for clinical diagnosis and treatment of lung cancer (2024 edition). Chin J Oncol, 2024, 46(9): 805-843.
5.	罗国庆, 卢潇, 李定慧, 等. 2024年第5版《NCCN肿瘤临床实践指南: 非小细胞肺癌》更新解读. 中国胸心血管外科临床杂志, 2024, 31(7): 955-961.Luo GQ, Lu X, Li DH, et al. Update interpretation of the 5th edition of NCCN clinical practice guidelines in oncology: Non-small cell lung cancer (2024). Chin J Clin Thorac Cardiovasc Surg, 2024, 31(7): 955-961.
6.	Minami Y. The notable topics of the 5th edition of WHO classification for the thoracic tumours (2021). Gan To Kagaku Ryoho, 2022, 49(8): 847-852.
7.	Wang Z, Hu W, Shi J, et al. Application of TRIM58 gene methylation-based minimal residual disease assays in non-small cell lung cancer for prognosis prediction and treatment decision. Ann Clin Lab Sci, 2024, 54(6): 820-827.
8.	Liam CK, Mallawathantri S, Fong KM. Is tissue still the issue in detecting molecular alterations in lung cancer? Respirology, 2020, 25(9): 933-943.
9.	Shiller M, Johnson M, Auber R, et al. Clinical perspectives on the value of testing for STK11 and KEAP1 mutations in advanced NSCLC. Front Oncol, 2024, 14: 1459737.
10.	Nagai-Okatani C, Tomioka A, Tominaga D, et al. Inter-tissue glycan heterogeneity: Site-specific glycoform analysis of mouse tissue N-glycoproteomes using MS1-based glycopeptide detection method assisted by lectin microarray. Anal Bioanal Chem, 2025, 417(5): 973-988.
11.	Park MS, Cho EH, Youn Y, et al. Importance of circulating tumor DNA analysis at diagnosis in early triple-negative breast cancer patients. Breast Cancer, 2025.
12.	Lu Y, Wang Z, Zhang D, et al. Application of circulating tumor DNA in the auxiliary diagnosis and prognosis prediction of glioma. Cell Mol Neurobiol, 2024, 45(1): 6.
13.	Visser E, Genet S, De Kock R, et al. Liquid biopsy-based decision support algorithms for diagnosis and subtyping of lung cancer. Lung Cancer, 2023, 178: 28-36.
14.	Si HQ, Wang P, Long F, et al. Cancer liquid biopsies by Oxford nanopore technologies sequencing of cell-free DNA: From basic research to clinical applications. Mol Cancer, 2024, 23(1): 265.
15.	Eboshida N, Hamada A, Higaki M, et al. Potential role of circulating tumor cells and cell-free DNA as biomarkers in oral squamous cell carcinoma: A prospective single-center study. PLoS One, 2024, 19(12): e0309178.
16.	Gray JE, Markovets A, Reungwetwattana T, et al. Longitudinal analyses of circulating tumor DNA for the detection of EGFR mutation-positive advanced NSCLC progression during treatment: Data from FLAURA and AURA3. J Thorac Oncol, 2024, 19(11): 1525-1538.
17.	Schoofs K, Ferro Dos Santos MR, De Wilde J, et al. Therapy response monitoring in blood plasma from esophageal adenocarcinoma patients using cell-free DNA methylation profiling. Sci Rep, 2024, 14(1): 31112.
18.	Wainman LM, Huang G, Green DC, et al. Diagnostic next-generation sequencing to detect MYD88 L265P in lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma compared to ddPCR. Exp Mol Pathol, 2025, 141: 104956.
19.	Hoshi Y, Matsuda S, Takeuchi M, et al. Liquid biopsy and multidisciplinary treatment for esophageal cancer. Cancers (Basel), 2025, 17(2): 196.
20.	Martínez-Vila C, Teixido C, Aya F, et al. Detection of circulating tumor DNA in liquid biopsy: Current techniques and potential applications in melanoma. Int J Mol Sci, 2025, 26(2): 861.
21.	Costa J, Membrino A, Zanchetta C, et al. The role of ctDNA in the management of non-small-cell lung cancer in the AI and NGS era. Int J Mol Sci, 2024, 25(24): 13669.
22.	Obinah MPB, Al-Halafi SA, Dreisig K, et al. Circulating tumor DNA for surveillance in high-risk melanoma patients: A study protocol. Acta Oncol, 2025, 64: 229-233.
23.	Gelmini S, Calabri A, Mancini I, et al. Circulating tumor cell-free DNA as prognostic biomarker in non-small cell lung cancer patients undergoing immunotherapy: The CORELAB experience. Int J Mol Sci, 2025, 26(2): 611.
24.	Diefenbach RJ, Lee JH, Rizos H. Monitoring melanoma using circulating free DNA. Am J Clin Dermatol, 2019, 20(1): 1-12.
25.	Khier S, Lohan L. Kinetics of circulating cell-free DNA for biomedical applications: Critical appraisal of the literature. Future Sci OA, 2018, 4(4): FSO295.
26.	Tsui WHA, Ding SC, Jiang P, et al. Artificial intelligence and machine learning in cell-free-DNA-based diagnostics. Genome Res, 2025, 35(1): 1-19.
27.	Jiang Y, Qi S, Zhang R, et al. Diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma using liquid biopsy-based biomarkers: A systematic review and network meta-analysis. Front Oncol, 2024, 14: 1483521.
28.	P T, S AK, U AN, et al. Artificial intelligence (AI) and liquid biopsy transforming early detection of liver metastases in gastrointestinal cancers. Curr Cancer Drug Targets, 2025. [Epub ahead of print].
29.	Widman AJ, Shah M, Frydendahl A, et al. Ultrasensitive plasma-based monitoring of tumor burden using machine-learning-guided signal enrichment. Nat Med, 2024, 30(6): 1655-1666.
30.	Assaf ZJF, Zou W, Fine AD, et al. A longitudinal circulating tumor DNA-based model associated with survival in metastatic non-small-cell lung cancer. Nat Med, 2023, 29(4): 859-868.
31.	Martínez-Castedo B, Camblor DG, Martín-Arana J, et al. Minimal residual disease in colorectal cancer: Tumor-informed versus tumor-agnostic approaches: Unraveling the optimal strategy. Ann Oncol, 2025, 36(3): 263-276.
32.	László T, Kenéz AL, Szepesi G, et al. The clinical potential of measurable residual disease in hematological malignancies. Magy Onkol, 2024, 68(4): 364.
33.	Zhang JT, Liu SY, Gao X, et al. Follow-up analysis enhances understanding of molecular residual disease in localized non-small cell lung cancer. Clin Cancer Res, 2025. [Epub ahead of print].
34.	Riely GJ, Wood DE, Ettinger DS, et al. Non-small cell lung cancer, version 4. 2024, NCCN clinical practice guidelines in oncology. J Natl Compr Canc Netw, 2024, 22(4): 249-274.
35.	Wood DE, Kazerooni EA, Aberle DR, et al. NCCN guidelines insights: Lung cancer screening, version 1.2025: Featured updates to the NCCN guidelines. J Natl Compr Canc Netw, 2025. [Epub ahead of print].
36.	中华医学会呼吸病学分会, 中国肺癌防治联盟专家组. 中国肺结节诊治专家共识(2024版). 中华结核和呼吸杂志, 2024, 47(8): 716-729.Chinese Thoracic Society, Chinese Medical Association, Chinese Alliance Against Lung Cancer Expert Group. Chinese expert consensus on diagnosis and treatment of pulmonary nodules (2024 edition). Chin J Tuberc Respir Dis, 2024, 47(8): 716-729.
37.	周娟, 苏春霞. 2023年ASCO非小细胞肺癌靶向和免疫治疗进展. 实用肿瘤杂志, 2023, 38(4): 305-311.Zhou J, Su CX. Advances in targeted and immunotherapy for non-small cell lung cancer at 2023 ASCO. J Pract Oncol, 2023, 38(4): 305-311.
38.	Rolfo C, Mack P, Scagliotti GV, et al. Liquid biopsy for advanced NSCLC: A consensus statement from the International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer. J Thorac Oncol, 2021, 16(10): 1647-1662.
39.	Bossé Y, Dasgupta A, Abadier M, et al. Prognostic implication of methylation-based circulating tumor DNA detection prior to surgery in stage I non-small cell lung cancer. Cancer Lett, 2024, 594: 216984.
40.	Oh Y, Yoon SM, Lee J, et al. Personalized, tumor-informed, circulating tumor DNA assay for detecting minimal residual disease in non-small cell lung cancer patients receiving curative treatments. Thorac Cancer, 2024, 15(13): 1095-1102.
41.	Tian X, Liu X, Wang K, et al. Postoperative ctDNA in indicating the recurrence risk and monitoring the effect of adjuvant therapy in surgical non-small cell lung cancer. Thorac Cancer, 2024, 15(10): 797-807.
42.	Tran HT, Heeke S, Sujit S, et al. Circulating tumor DNA and radiological tumor volume identify patients at risk for relapse with resected, early-stage non-small-cell lung cancer. Ann Oncol, 2024, 35(2): 183-189.
43.	Passarella G, Canova S, Abbate MI, et al. The hype around ctDNA guiding an informed perioperative therapeutic strategy in early-stage non-small cell lung cancer. Discov Oncol, 2025, 16(1): 100.
44.	Yu X, Huang C, Du L, et al. Efficacy and safety of perioperative sintilimab plus platinum-based chemotherapy for potentially resectable stage IIIB non-small cell lung cancer (periSCOPE): An open-label, single-arm, phaseⅡtrial. EClinicalMedicine, 2025, 79: 102997.
45.	Taniguchi Y, Shigenobu T, Hayashi A, et al. Optimal therapy for postoperative recurrence: Does salvage radiation work for locoregional recurrence? Anticancer Res, 2024, 44(12): 5541-5549.
46.	Kuang PP, Li N, Liu Z, et al. Circulating tumor DNA analyses as a potential marker of recurrence and effectiveness of adjuvant chemotherapy for resected non-small-cell lung cancer. Front Oncol, 2020, 10: 595650.
47.	李志峰, 何毅, 陈克终. 循环肿瘤DNA在可手术非小细胞肺癌诊疗中的意义及研究进展. 中华外科杂志, 2025, 63(2): 171-176.Li ZF, He Y, Chen KZ. The significance and advancements of circulating tumor DNA in the diagnosis and treatment of operable non-small cell lung cancer. Chin J Surg, 2025, 63(2): 171-176.
48.	Wang K, Ma J, Luo W, et al. Adjuvant osimertinib therapy guided by ctDNA-assessed MRD in resected EGFR-mutated stage IA-IIA non-small-cell lung cancer: A randomized clinical trial study protocol. Am J Cancer Res, 2024, 14(11): 5427-5433.
49.	朱正飞, 潘燚. 动态监测ctDNA-MRD预测局部晚期NSCLC放化疗疗效. 循证医学, 2024, 24(1): 16-19.Zhu ZF, Pan Y. Dynamic monitoring of ctDNA-MRD for predicting efficacy of chemoradiotherapy in locally advanced NSCLC. J Evid Based Med, 2024, 24(1): 16-19.
50.	Jun S, Shukla NA, Durm G, et al. Analysis of circulating tumor DNA predicts outcomes of short-course consolidation immunotherapy in unresectable stageⅢNSCLC. J Thorac Oncol, 2024, 19(10): 1427-1437.
51.	Pan Y, Zhang JT, Gao X, et al. Dynamic circulating tumor DNA during chemoradiotherapy predicts clinical outcomes for locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer patients. Cancer Cell, 2023, 41(10): 1763-1773.
52.	Wang DY, Tian MH, Chen YZ, et al. Profiling microRNA expression differentiates monozygotic twins in peripherical blood by droplet digital PCR. Forensic Sci Int Genet, 2025, 76: 103230.
53.	Xu KL, Zhang ZM, Wang YD, et al. MGB probe-based multiplex droplet digital PCR for the interspecific identification of Notopterygii Rhizoma et Radix in herbal materials and preparations. Phytomedicine, 2025, 136: 156325.
54.	Ezeife DA, Spackman E, Juergens RA, et al. The economic value of liquid biopsy for genomic profiling in advanced non-small cell lung cancer. Ther Adv Med Oncol, 2022, 14: 17588359221112696.
55.	Balaraman AK, Moglad E, Afzal M, et al. Liquid biopsies and exosomal ncRNA: Transforming pancreatic cancer diagnostics and therapeutics. Clin Chim Acta, 2025, 567: 120105.
56.	Martinez LM, Ribeiro L, Guidi RG, et al. Cell-free tumor DNA: A promising technology for diagnosis, surveillance and therapeutic decision in urothelial carcinoma of the bladder. Curr Oncol Rep, 2025. [Epub ahead of print].
57.	Garcia-Murillas I, Abbott CW, Cutts RJ, et al. Whole genome sequencing powered ctDNA sequencing for breast cancer detection. Ann Oncol, 2025. [Epub ahead of print].

1. 韩宝惠, 王洁. 中华医学会肺癌临床诊疗指南(2024版). 中华肿瘤杂志, 2024, 46(9): 805-843.Han BH, Wang J. Chinese medical association guideline for clinical diagnosis and treatment of lung cancer (2024 edition). Chin J Oncol, 2024, 46(9): 805-843.
2. 王家乐, 邱天羽, 崔亚男, 等. 2024 CSCO非小细胞肺癌指南(晚期部分)解读. 同济大学学报(医学版), 2024, 45(4): 465-470.Wang JL, Qiu TY, Cui YN, et al. Interpretation of 2024 CSCO guidelines for advanced non-small cell lung cancer. J Tongji Univ (Med Sci), 2024, 45(4): 465-470.
3. 许宽, 赵珩, 叶波. 2024年美国国立综合癌症网络 (NCCN) 非小细胞肺癌指南手术部分解读. 中华胸部外科电子杂志, 2024, 11(2): 794-804.Xu K, Zhao H, Ye B. Interpretation of surgical section in 2024 NCCN guidelines for non-small cell lung cancer. Chin J Thorac Surg (Electron Ed), 2024, 11(2): 794-804.
4. 中华医学会肿瘤学分会. 中华医学会肺癌临床诊疗指南 (2024版). 中华肿瘤杂志, 2024, 46(9): 805-843.Oncology Society of Chinese Medical Association. Chinese Medical Association guideline for clinical diagnosis and treatment of lung cancer (2024 edition). Chin J Oncol, 2024, 46(9): 805-843.
5. 罗国庆, 卢潇, 李定慧, 等. 2024年第5版《NCCN肿瘤临床实践指南: 非小细胞肺癌》更新解读. 中国胸心血管外科临床杂志, 2024, 31(7): 955-961.Luo GQ, Lu X, Li DH, et al. Update interpretation of the 5th edition of NCCN clinical practice guidelines in oncology: Non-small cell lung cancer (2024). Chin J Clin Thorac Cardiovasc Surg, 2024, 31(7): 955-961.
6. Minami Y. The notable topics of the 5th edition of WHO classification for the thoracic tumours (2021). Gan To Kagaku Ryoho, 2022, 49(8): 847-852.
7. Wang Z, Hu W, Shi J, et al. Application of TRIM58 gene methylation-based minimal residual disease assays in non-small cell lung cancer for prognosis prediction and treatment decision. Ann Clin Lab Sci, 2024, 54(6): 820-827.
8. Liam CK, Mallawathantri S, Fong KM. Is tissue still the issue in detecting molecular alterations in lung cancer? Respirology, 2020, 25(9): 933-943.
9. Shiller M, Johnson M, Auber R, et al. Clinical perspectives on the value of testing for STK11 and KEAP1 mutations in advanced NSCLC. Front Oncol, 2024, 14: 1459737.
10. Nagai-Okatani C, Tomioka A, Tominaga D, et al. Inter-tissue glycan heterogeneity: Site-specific glycoform analysis of mouse tissue N-glycoproteomes using MS1-based glycopeptide detection method assisted by lectin microarray. Anal Bioanal Chem, 2025, 417(5): 973-988.
11. Park MS, Cho EH, Youn Y, et al. Importance of circulating tumor DNA analysis at diagnosis in early triple-negative breast cancer patients. Breast Cancer, 2025.
12. Lu Y, Wang Z, Zhang D, et al. Application of circulating tumor DNA in the auxiliary diagnosis and prognosis prediction of glioma. Cell Mol Neurobiol, 2024, 45(1): 6.
13. Visser E, Genet S, De Kock R, et al. Liquid biopsy-based decision support algorithms for diagnosis and subtyping of lung cancer. Lung Cancer, 2023, 178: 28-36.
14. Si HQ, Wang P, Long F, et al. Cancer liquid biopsies by Oxford nanopore technologies sequencing of cell-free DNA: From basic research to clinical applications. Mol Cancer, 2024, 23(1): 265.
15. Eboshida N, Hamada A, Higaki M, et al. Potential role of circulating tumor cells and cell-free DNA as biomarkers in oral squamous cell carcinoma: A prospective single-center study. PLoS One, 2024, 19(12): e0309178.
16. Gray JE, Markovets A, Reungwetwattana T, et al. Longitudinal analyses of circulating tumor DNA for the detection of EGFR mutation-positive advanced NSCLC progression during treatment: Data from FLAURA and AURA3. J Thorac Oncol, 2024, 19(11): 1525-1538.
17. Schoofs K, Ferro Dos Santos MR, De Wilde J, et al. Therapy response monitoring in blood plasma from esophageal adenocarcinoma patients using cell-free DNA methylation profiling. Sci Rep, 2024, 14(1): 31112.
18. Wainman LM, Huang G, Green DC, et al. Diagnostic next-generation sequencing to detect MYD88 L265P in lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma compared to ddPCR. Exp Mol Pathol, 2025, 141: 104956.
19. Hoshi Y, Matsuda S, Takeuchi M, et al. Liquid biopsy and multidisciplinary treatment for esophageal cancer. Cancers (Basel), 2025, 17(2): 196.
20. Martínez-Vila C, Teixido C, Aya F, et al. Detection of circulating tumor DNA in liquid biopsy: Current techniques and potential applications in melanoma. Int J Mol Sci, 2025, 26(2): 861.
21. Costa J, Membrino A, Zanchetta C, et al. The role of ctDNA in the management of non-small-cell lung cancer in the AI and NGS era. Int J Mol Sci, 2024, 25(24): 13669.
22. Obinah MPB, Al-Halafi SA, Dreisig K, et al. Circulating tumor DNA for surveillance in high-risk melanoma patients: A study protocol. Acta Oncol, 2025, 64: 229-233.
23. Gelmini S, Calabri A, Mancini I, et al. Circulating tumor cell-free DNA as prognostic biomarker in non-small cell lung cancer patients undergoing immunotherapy: The CORELAB experience. Int J Mol Sci, 2025, 26(2): 611.
24. Diefenbach RJ, Lee JH, Rizos H. Monitoring melanoma using circulating free DNA. Am J Clin Dermatol, 2019, 20(1): 1-12.
25. Khier S, Lohan L. Kinetics of circulating cell-free DNA for biomedical applications: Critical appraisal of the literature. Future Sci OA, 2018, 4(4): FSO295.
26. Tsui WHA, Ding SC, Jiang P, et al. Artificial intelligence and machine learning in cell-free-DNA-based diagnostics. Genome Res, 2025, 35(1): 1-19.
27. Jiang Y, Qi S, Zhang R, et al. Diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma using liquid biopsy-based biomarkers: A systematic review and network meta-analysis. Front Oncol, 2024, 14: 1483521.
28. P T, S AK, U AN, et al. Artificial intelligence (AI) and liquid biopsy transforming early detection of liver metastases in gastrointestinal cancers. Curr Cancer Drug Targets, 2025. [Epub ahead of print].
29. Widman AJ, Shah M, Frydendahl A, et al. Ultrasensitive plasma-based monitoring of tumor burden using machine-learning-guided signal enrichment. Nat Med, 2024, 30(6): 1655-1666.
30. Assaf ZJF, Zou W, Fine AD, et al. A longitudinal circulating tumor DNA-based model associated with survival in metastatic non-small-cell lung cancer. Nat Med, 2023, 29(4): 859-868.
31. Martínez-Castedo B, Camblor DG, Martín-Arana J, et al. Minimal residual disease in colorectal cancer: Tumor-informed versus tumor-agnostic approaches: Unraveling the optimal strategy. Ann Oncol, 2025, 36(3): 263-276.
32. László T, Kenéz AL, Szepesi G, et al. The clinical potential of measurable residual disease in hematological malignancies. Magy Onkol, 2024, 68(4): 364.
33. Zhang JT, Liu SY, Gao X, et al. Follow-up analysis enhances understanding of molecular residual disease in localized non-small cell lung cancer. Clin Cancer Res, 2025. [Epub ahead of print].
34. Riely GJ, Wood DE, Ettinger DS, et al. Non-small cell lung cancer, version 4. 2024, NCCN clinical practice guidelines in oncology. J Natl Compr Canc Netw, 2024, 22(4): 249-274.
35. Wood DE, Kazerooni EA, Aberle DR, et al. NCCN guidelines insights: Lung cancer screening, version 1.2025: Featured updates to the NCCN guidelines. J Natl Compr Canc Netw, 2025. [Epub ahead of print].
36. 中华医学会呼吸病学分会, 中国肺癌防治联盟专家组. 中国肺结节诊治专家共识(2024版). 中华结核和呼吸杂志, 2024, 47(8): 716-729.Chinese Thoracic Society, Chinese Medical Association, Chinese Alliance Against Lung Cancer Expert Group. Chinese expert consensus on diagnosis and treatment of pulmonary nodules (2024 edition). Chin J Tuberc Respir Dis, 2024, 47(8): 716-729.
37. 周娟, 苏春霞. 2023年ASCO非小细胞肺癌靶向和免疫治疗进展. 实用肿瘤杂志, 2023, 38(4): 305-311.Zhou J, Su CX. Advances in targeted and immunotherapy for non-small cell lung cancer at 2023 ASCO. J Pract Oncol, 2023, 38(4): 305-311.
38. Rolfo C, Mack P, Scagliotti GV, et al. Liquid biopsy for advanced NSCLC: A consensus statement from the International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer. J Thorac Oncol, 2021, 16(10): 1647-1662.
39. Bossé Y, Dasgupta A, Abadier M, et al. Prognostic implication of methylation-based circulating tumor DNA detection prior to surgery in stage I non-small cell lung cancer. Cancer Lett, 2024, 594: 216984.
40. Oh Y, Yoon SM, Lee J, et al. Personalized, tumor-informed, circulating tumor DNA assay for detecting minimal residual disease in non-small cell lung cancer patients receiving curative treatments. Thorac Cancer, 2024, 15(13): 1095-1102.
41. Tian X, Liu X, Wang K, et al. Postoperative ctDNA in indicating the recurrence risk and monitoring the effect of adjuvant therapy in surgical non-small cell lung cancer. Thorac Cancer, 2024, 15(10): 797-807.
42. Tran HT, Heeke S, Sujit S, et al. Circulating tumor DNA and radiological tumor volume identify patients at risk for relapse with resected, early-stage non-small-cell lung cancer. Ann Oncol, 2024, 35(2): 183-189.
43. Passarella G, Canova S, Abbate MI, et al. The hype around ctDNA guiding an informed perioperative therapeutic strategy in early-stage non-small cell lung cancer. Discov Oncol, 2025, 16(1): 100.
44. Yu X, Huang C, Du L, et al. Efficacy and safety of perioperative sintilimab plus platinum-based chemotherapy for potentially resectable stage IIIB non-small cell lung cancer (periSCOPE): An open-label, single-arm, phaseⅡtrial. EClinicalMedicine, 2025, 79: 102997.
45. Taniguchi Y, Shigenobu T, Hayashi A, et al. Optimal therapy for postoperative recurrence: Does salvage radiation work for locoregional recurrence? Anticancer Res, 2024, 44(12): 5541-5549.
46. Kuang PP, Li N, Liu Z, et al. Circulating tumor DNA analyses as a potential marker of recurrence and effectiveness of adjuvant chemotherapy for resected non-small-cell lung cancer. Front Oncol, 2020, 10: 595650.
47. 李志峰, 何毅, 陈克终. 循环肿瘤DNA在可手术非小细胞肺癌诊疗中的意义及研究进展. 中华外科杂志, 2025, 63(2): 171-176.Li ZF, He Y, Chen KZ. The significance and advancements of circulating tumor DNA in the diagnosis and treatment of operable non-small cell lung cancer. Chin J Surg, 2025, 63(2): 171-176.
48. Wang K, Ma J, Luo W, et al. Adjuvant osimertinib therapy guided by ctDNA-assessed MRD in resected EGFR-mutated stage IA-IIA non-small-cell lung cancer: A randomized clinical trial study protocol. Am J Cancer Res, 2024, 14(11): 5427-5433.
49. 朱正飞, 潘燚. 动态监测ctDNA-MRD预测局部晚期NSCLC放化疗疗效. 循证医学, 2024, 24(1): 16-19.Zhu ZF, Pan Y. Dynamic monitoring of ctDNA-MRD for predicting efficacy of chemoradiotherapy in locally advanced NSCLC. J Evid Based Med, 2024, 24(1): 16-19.
50. Jun S, Shukla NA, Durm G, et al. Analysis of circulating tumor DNA predicts outcomes of short-course consolidation immunotherapy in unresectable stageⅢNSCLC. J Thorac Oncol, 2024, 19(10): 1427-1437.
51. Pan Y, Zhang JT, Gao X, et al. Dynamic circulating tumor DNA during chemoradiotherapy predicts clinical outcomes for locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer patients. Cancer Cell, 2023, 41(10): 1763-1773.
52. Wang DY, Tian MH, Chen YZ, et al. Profiling microRNA expression differentiates monozygotic twins in peripherical blood by droplet digital PCR. Forensic Sci Int Genet, 2025, 76: 103230.
53. Xu KL, Zhang ZM, Wang YD, et al. MGB probe-based multiplex droplet digital PCR for the interspecific identification of Notopterygii Rhizoma et Radix in herbal materials and preparations. Phytomedicine, 2025, 136: 156325.
54. Ezeife DA, Spackman E, Juergens RA, et al. The economic value of liquid biopsy for genomic profiling in advanced non-small cell lung cancer. Ther Adv Med Oncol, 2022, 14: 17588359221112696.
55. Balaraman AK, Moglad E, Afzal M, et al. Liquid biopsies and exosomal ncRNA: Transforming pancreatic cancer diagnostics and therapeutics. Clin Chim Acta, 2025, 567: 120105.
56. Martinez LM, Ribeiro L, Guidi RG, et al. Cell-free tumor DNA: A promising technology for diagnosis, surveillance and therapeutic decision in urothelial carcinoma of the bladder. Curr Oncol Rep, 2025. [Epub ahead of print].
57. Garcia-Murillas I, Abbott CW, Cutts RJ, et al. Whole genome sequencing powered ctDNA sequencing for breast cancer detection. Ann Oncol, 2025. [Epub ahead of print].

Chinese Journal of Clinical Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery

Latest ArticlesAdvances in the application of circulating tumor DNA liquid biopsy for monitoring molecular residual disease in the diagnosis and treatment of non-small cell lung cancer

Abstract Full text Figures/Tables Video References Cited by

Format

Content