Effect of Secreted Frizzled-related Protein 2 and Wnt Signaling Pathway in Myocardial Regeneration Treatment_Chinese Journal of Clinical Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery

Authors：

LU Zhexin , LIAN Feng

Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Renji Hospital, Medical School of Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200127, P. R. China;;
Email：luzhexin@yahoo. com. cn;

Corresponding author：

Keywords：

Paracrine; 　Secreted frizzled-related protein 2; 　Wnt pathway; 　Apoptosis

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Abstract：　Stem cell paracrine has been considered as the main mechanism to promote infarcted myocardium regeneration and repair of damaged cardiomyocytes. With further research, secreted frizzled-related protein 2 （Sfrp 2） and stem cell paracrine are closely linked to each other. Sfrp 2 can competitively bind to the specific receptor Fz in Wnt signaling pathway, inhibit Wnt signaling pathway to regulates apoptosis, differentiation, and other life processes of stem cells, and therefore becomes a research hotspot in recent years. This review focuses on the mechanism of Sfrp 2/Wnt signal way in stem cell therapy for myocardial infarction.

Citation： LU Zhexin,LIAN Feng. Effect of Secreted Frizzled-related Protein 2 and Wnt Signaling Pathway in Myocardial Regeneration Treatment. Chinese Journal of Clinical Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, 2012, 19(4): 423-426. doi: Copy

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7.	Cai J，Mutoh N，Shin JO，et al. Wnt5a plays a crucial role in determining tooth size during murine tooth development. Cell Tissue Res，2011， 345 （3）：367-377.
8.	Sokol SY. Maintaining embryonic stem cell pluripotency with Wnt signaling. Development， 2011， 138 （20）：4341-4350.
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13.	Minami Y， Oishi I， Endo M， et al. Ror-family receptor tyrosine kinases in noncanonical Wnt signaling：their implications in developmental morphogenesis and human diseases. Dev Dyn， 2010， 239 （1）：1-15.
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17.	Gordon MD， Nusse R. Wnt signaling：Multiple pathways， multiple receptors， and multiple transcription factors. J Biol Chem， 2006， 281 （32）：22429-22433.
18.	Weng LH， Wang CJ， Ko JY， et al. Inflammation induction of Dickkopf-1 mediates chondrocyte apoptosis in osteoarthritic joint.
19.	Li Q， Wang X， Wu X， et al. Daxx cooperates with the Axin/HIPK2/p53 complex to induce cell death. Cancer Res， 2007， 67 （1）：66-74.
20.	Zhang Z， Deb A， Zhang Z， et al. Secreted frizzled related protein 2 protects cells from apoptosis by blocking the effect of canonical Wnt3a. J Mol Cell Cardiol， 2009， 46 （3）：370-377.
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24.	Takashi M， Keiko H， Miura M， et al. Vascular endothelial growth factor- and thrombin-induced termination factor， down syndrome critical region-1， attenuates endothelial cell proliferation and angiogenesis. J Biol Chem， 2004， 279 （48）：50537-50554.
25.	Zaichuk TA， Shroff EH， Emmanuel R， et al. Nuclear factor of activated T cells balances angiogenesis activation and inhibition. J Exp Med， 2004， 199 （11）：1513-1522.
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27.	Courtwright A， Siamakpour-Reihani S， Arbiser JL， et al. Secreted frizzle-related protein 2 stimulates angiogenesis via a calcineurin/NFAT signaling pathway. Cancer Res， 2009， 69 （11）：4621-4628.
28.	Alfaro MP， Vincent A， Saraswati S， et al. sFRP2 suppression of bone morphogenic protein （BMP） and Wnt signaling mediates mesenchymal stem cell （MSC） self-renewal promoting engraftment and myocardial repair. J Biol Chem， 2010， 285 （46）：35645-35653.
29.	Manton KJ， Leong DF， Cool SM， et al. Disruption of heparan and chondroitin sulfate signaling enhances mesenchymal stem cell-derived osteogenic differentiation via bone morphogenetic protein signaling pathways. Stem Cells， 2007， 25 （11）：2845-2854.
30.	Gaur T， Rich L， Lengner CJ， et al. Secreted frizzled related protein 1 regulates Wnt signaling for BMP2 induced chondrocyte differentiation. J Cell Physiol， 2006， 208 （1）：87-96.
31.	Goldring MB， Tsuchimochi K， Ijiri K. The control of chondrogenesis. J Cell Biochem， 2006， 97 （1）：33-44.
32.	Kobayashi K， Luo M， Zhang Y， et al. Secreted frizzled-related protein 2 is a procollagen C proteinase enhancer with a role in fibrosis associated with myocardial infarction. Nat Cell Biol， 2009， 11 （1）：46-55.
33.	He W，Zhang L，Ni A，et al. Exogenously administered secreted frizzled related protein 2 （Sfrp2） reduces fibrosis and improves cardiac function in a rat model of myocardial infarction. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A，2010，107（49）：21110-21115.

1. Osteoarthritis Cartilage， 2009， 17 （7）：933-943.
2. 　Mirotsou M，Zhang Z，Deb A，et al. Secreted frizzled related protein 2 （Sfrp2） is the key Akt-mesenchymal stem cell-released paracrine factor mediating myocardial survival and repair. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A，2007，104 （5）：1643-1648.
3. 　张伟，贺光照，马兵. 分泌型凋亡相关蛋白1的研究进展. 中华内分泌外科杂志，2011，5 （1）：63-64，67．.
4. 　Rochais F， Mesbah K， Kelly RG. Signaling pathways controlling second heart field development. Circ Res， 2009， 104 （8）：933-942.
5. 　Katoh M. WNT and FGF gene clusters （review）. Int J Oncol，2002，21 （6）：1269-1273.
6. 　Yang F，Zeng Q，Yu G，et al. Wnt/beta-catenin signaling inhibits death receptor-mediated apoptosis and promotes invasive growth of HNSCC. Cell Signal，2006，18 （5）：679-687.
7. 　Cai J，Mutoh N，Shin JO，et al. Wnt5a plays a crucial role in determining tooth size during murine tooth development. Cell Tissue Res，2011， 345 （3）：367-377.
8. 　Sokol SY. Maintaining embryonic stem cell pluripotency with Wnt signaling. Development， 2011， 138 （20）：4341-4350.
9. 　Katoh M， Katoh M. WNT signaling pathway and stem cell signaling network. Clin Cancer Res， 2007， 13（14）：4042-4045.
10. 　Price MC. CKI， there’s more than one：casein kinase I family members in Wnt and Hedgehog signaling. Genes， 2006， 20 （4）：399-410.
11. 　Gao C， Chen YG. Dishevelled：the hub of Wnt signaling. Cell　Signal， 2010， 22 （5）：717-727.
12. 　Joeng KS， Schumacher CA， Zylstra-Diegel CR， et al. Lrp5 and Lrp6 redundantly control skeletal development in the mouse embryo. Dev Biol， 2011， 359 （2）：222-229.
13. 　Minami Y， Oishi I， Endo M， et al. Ror-family receptor tyrosine kinases in noncanonical Wnt signaling：their implications in developmental morphogenesis and human diseases. Dev Dyn， 2010， 239 （1）：1-15.
14. 　Lu XW， Borchers AM， Jolicoeur C， et al. PTK7/CCK-4 is a novel regulator of planar cell polarity in vertebrates. Nature， 2004， 430 （6995）：93-98.
15. 　Barker N. The canonical Wnt/beta-catenin signalling pathway. Methods Mol Biol， 2008， 468：5-15.
16. 　Nelson WJ， Nusse R. Convergence of Wnt， beta-catenin， and cadherin pathways. Science， 2004，303 （5663）：1483-1487.
17. 　Gordon MD， Nusse R. Wnt signaling：Multiple pathways， multiple receptors， and multiple transcription factors. J Biol Chem， 2006， 281 （32）：22429-22433.
18. 　Weng LH， Wang CJ， Ko JY， et al. Inflammation induction of Dickkopf-1 mediates chondrocyte apoptosis in osteoarthritic joint.
19. 　Li Q， Wang X， Wu X， et al. Daxx cooperates with the Axin/HIPK2/p53 complex to induce cell death. Cancer Res， 2007， 67 （1）：66-74.
20. 　Zhang Z， Deb A， Zhang Z， et al. Secreted frizzled related protein 2 protects cells from apoptosis by blocking the effect of canonical Wnt3a. J Mol Cell Cardiol， 2009， 46 （3）：370-377.
21. 　Cselenyi CS， Lee E. Context-dependent activation or inhibition of Wnt-beta-catenin signaling by Kremen. Sci Signal， 2008， 1 （8）：pe10.
22. 　Nilsson LM， Sun ZW， Nilsson J， et al. Novel blocker of NFAT activation inhibits IL-6 production in human myometrial arteries and reduces vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol， 2007， 292 （3）：C1167-C1178.
23. 　Sugimura R， Li L. Noncanonical Wnt signaling in vertebrate development， stem cells， and diseases. Birth Defects Res C Embryo Today， 2010， 90 （4）：243-256.
24. 　Takashi M， Keiko H， Miura M， et al. Vascular endothelial growth factor- and thrombin-induced termination factor， down syndrome critical region-1， attenuates endothelial cell proliferation and angiogenesis. J Biol Chem， 2004， 279 （48）：50537-50554.
25. 　Zaichuk TA， Shroff EH， Emmanuel R， et al. Nuclear factor of activated T cells balances angiogenesis activation and inhibition. J Exp Med， 2004， 199 （11）：1513-1522.
26. 　Howard S， Deroo T， Fujita Y， et al. A positive role of cadherin in Wnt/β-catenin signalling during epithelial-mesenchymal transition. PLoS One， 2011， 6 （8）：e23899.
27. 　Courtwright A， Siamakpour-Reihani S， Arbiser JL， et al. Secreted frizzle-related protein 2 stimulates angiogenesis via a calcineurin/NFAT signaling pathway. Cancer Res， 2009， 69 （11）：4621-4628.
28. 　Alfaro MP， Vincent A， Saraswati S， et al. sFRP2 suppression of bone morphogenic protein （BMP） and Wnt signaling mediates mesenchymal stem cell （MSC） self-renewal promoting engraftment and myocardial repair. J Biol Chem， 2010， 285 （46）：35645-35653.
29. 　Manton KJ， Leong DF， Cool SM， et al. Disruption of heparan and chondroitin sulfate signaling enhances mesenchymal stem cell-derived osteogenic differentiation via bone morphogenetic protein signaling pathways. Stem Cells， 2007， 25 （11）：2845-2854.
30. 　Gaur T， Rich L， Lengner CJ， et al. Secreted frizzled related protein 1 regulates Wnt signaling for BMP2 induced chondrocyte differentiation. J Cell Physiol， 2006， 208 （1）：87-96.
31. 　Goldring MB， Tsuchimochi K， Ijiri K. The control of chondrogenesis. J Cell Biochem， 2006， 97 （1）：33-44.
32. 　Kobayashi K， Luo M， Zhang Y， et al. Secreted frizzled-related protein 2 is a procollagen C proteinase enhancer with a role in fibrosis associated with myocardial infarction. Nat Cell Biol， 2009， 11 （1）：46-55.
33. 　He W，Zhang L，Ni A，et al. Exogenously administered secreted frizzled related protein 2 （Sfrp2） reduces fibrosis and improves cardiac function in a rat model of myocardial infarction. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A，2010，107（49）：21110-21115.

Chinese Journal of Clinical Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery

Effect of Secreted Frizzled-related Protein 2 and Wnt Signaling Pathway in Myocardial Regeneration Treatment

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