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find Author "何倩" 7 results
  • 创伤后应激障碍恢复力的研究进展

    个体在面临创伤性事件后是否发生创伤后应激障碍(PTSD)以及PTSD持续的时间与多种因素相关,可能有两方面决定个体的对创伤性事件的反应方向:一方面是发生PTSD的风险因素,另一方面是抵抗创伤性事件的反应和促进个体从创伤反应中恢复的恢复力。现对创伤抵抗与恢复起积极保护作用的恢复力的最新认识及其生物学机制和遗传学研究进行综述。

    Release date:2016-09-07 02:34 Export PDF Favorites Scan
  • Application and prospect of lung biopsy in acute respiratory distress syndrome

    Acute respiratory distress syndrome is a clinical syndrome caused by many reasons, which is characterized by intractable hypoxemia. Its etiology is complex and its mortality is high. Lung biopsy techniques can give accurate histopathological diagnosis to such patients to guide treatment and improve prognosis. At present, lung biopsy techniques include surgical lung biopsy, transbronchial lung cryobiopsy, transbronchial lung biopsy and percutaneous lung biopsy. The diagnostic rate of surgical lung biopsy is high, but it is traumatic and difficult to implement. The diagnostic rate of transbronchial cryobiopsy is relatively high, and the complications are acceptable. Transbronchial lung biopsy is minimally invasive but the diagnostic rate is low. The diagnostic rate of percutaneous lung biopsy is relatively high, and the complications are relatively few. For patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome who need lung biopsy, it is very important to choose different surgical procedures according to their effectiveness, safety and applicability.

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  • Key Points of Nursing in Phase Ⅰ Clinical Tolerance Trial of Intravenous Formulation

    目的 总结静脉制剂Ⅰ期临床耐受性试验中的护理要点。方法 2011年10月-12月,采用随机、盲法、安慰剂平行对照试验设计,在健康志愿者中按剂量递增原则,逐组完成8个剂量单次静脉滴注给药耐受性试验。 结果 试验顺利完成。静脉制剂的Ⅰ期耐受性试验中,研究护士在临床试验前需认真学习试验方案,做好试验病房、监护急救设施设备的充分准备,针对可能出现的不良反应制定切实可行的处理预案,试验过程中密切监测,对出现的不良反应做好救治工作。特别针对静脉制剂,须做好受试者的心理疏导,保证静脉穿刺一次成功,减少受试者因情绪紧张、穿刺疼痛等因素干扰对试验药物耐受性的评价。 结论 Ⅰ期临床耐受性试验实施前准备充分,试验过程中为受试者提供良好的试验环境和心理护理,提高静脉穿刺一次成功率,密切监测,可使试验过程顺利,并获得客观、准确的试验结果。

    Release date:2016-09-08 09:16 Export PDF Favorites Scan
  • Common statistical methods used in quasi-experimental studies and applications in medicine

    Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) are often limited because of ethical or operational reasons. Quasi-experimental studies could be an alternative to RCTs to make causal inferences without randomization by controlling the confounding effects of the study. This paper introduced the general statistical analysis methods of quasi-experimental design through basic ideas, characteristics, limitations and applications in medicine, including difference-in-difference models, instrumental variables, regression discontinuity design, interrupted time series, and so on, and to provide references for future research.

    Release date:2022-10-25 02:19 Export PDF Favorites Scan
  • 数字图像及电子内标签在手术器械回收中的应用分析

    目的探讨数字图像及电子内标签在降低手术器械回收差错率、提升工作效率的效果。 方法建立并使用手术器械数字图像及电子内标签,将每套手术器械分类整理,用数码相机拍摄,留存数字图像并按照器械名称命名后存盘;用电子表格制作手术器械的内标签并存盘。存盘后的数字图像及手术器械内标签拷贝在手术器械回收点的电脑中,同时植入到手术器械信息追溯系统中。选择2013年1月-2014年12月在手术器械回收岗工作的普通工人,进行手术器械数字图像及电子内标签的操作培训。将建立手术器械数字图像及电子内标签前后1年,2013年1月-12月为A组,2014年1月-12月为B组。比较两组手术器械回收差错率、手术室满意度及回收操作人员满意度。 结果与建立手术器械数字图像及电子内标签前1年(A组,0.045%)比较,B组手术器械回收的差错率(0.007%)降低,而采用手术器械数字图像及电子内标签后回收操作人员对其便捷性、可操作性、操作意愿、操作准确性及岗位成就感的满意度均提高(P<0.05);手术室满意度从92%提高到100%。 结论数字图像和电子内标签能直观、形象的识别手术器械、特殊器械的重要部件,还能对照检查手术器械包的完整性,方便回收操作人员在回收时发现手术器械的缺失、损坏,及时与手术室沟通,将差错杜绝在源头,提高了工作准确度和满意度。

    Release date:2016-11-23 05:46 Export PDF Favorites Scan
  • Analysis of distribution characteristics and nosocomial infection of carbazene-resistant Enterobacteriaceae in a general hospital of traditional Chinese medicine from 2014 to 2018

    ObjectiveTo understand the distribution characteristics and nosocomial infection of carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE) in a general hospital of traditional Chinese medicine, so as to provide the evidence for control and management of multidrug-resistant bacteria.MethodsData of CRE in the first Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Traditional Chinese Medicine were analyzed retrospectively from 2014 to 2018.ResultsThe total detection rate of CRE was 10.76%, 5.58%, 15.42%, 12.94% and 16.18% from 2014 to 2018, respectively. The detection rate of CRE showed a gradual upward trend (χ2=29.940, P<0.001). The highest number of CRE isolated from clinical specimens was sputum (355 strains, 63.39%), and the next were urine (98 strains, 17.50%) and secretions (38 strains, 6.79%). CRE isolated from different clinical departments were mainly in Neurosurgery Department (172 stains, 30.71%), Intensive Care Unit (Internal Medicine) (145 strains, 25.89%), Intensive Care Unit (Surgery)(106 strains,18.93%), and other internal medical departments (83 strains, 14.82%). A total of 179 patients developed CRE nosocomial infection in the past 5 years, who were mainly male, and with advanced age, long hospital stay, basic diseases, abnormal immune function and invasive operation. The incidence of hospital infection with CRE from 2014 to 2018 were 0.31‰, 0.38‰, 0.89‰, 0.80‰ and 1.14‰, respectively, which also showed a gradual upward trend (χ2=25.111, P<0.001).ConclusionWith the increasing number of clinically isolated CRE strains and the increasing incidence of nosocomial infection of CRE, effective intervention measures should be taken to prevent and control CRE.

    Release date:2020-04-23 06:56 Export PDF Favorites Scan
  • Statistical methods in multi-reader multi-case design diagnostic accuracy studies

    Objective To elaborate on the statistical analysis methods for evaluating the accuracy of imaging diagnostic tests in a multiple-reader multiple-case (MRMC) design through formula derivation and real cases. Methods This study consisted of two parts: theoretical derivation and a real case study. The theoretical part discussed in detail the principles and procedures of MRMC statistical analysis methods, particularly the Obuchowski-Rockette (OR) and Dorfman-Berbaum-Metz (DBM) methods. The real case included 100 subjects, of whom 67 had disease. Four readers interpreted all the cases based on both traditional film imaging methods and digital imaging methods. OR and DBM methods were employed for data analysis. Results The real case showed that the OR and DBM methods had a high degree of consistency, with only slight differences in the confidence intervals. Conclusion It is recommended to use the OR and DBM methods for the statistical analysis of imaging diagnostic test accuracy, ensuring that the impact of reader factors on the evaluation results is fully considered. The results from the OR and DBM methods are relatively similar; when applying these methods in practice, one should consider the specific characteristics of the data and the research design to choose the appropriate analysis method. Besides, there are still challenges when applying the OR and DBM methods, such as software implementation and missing data handling, which require further exploration.

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