Progress in the treatment of acute myocardial infarction (AMI), chronic coronary artery disease and their immediate complications has led to an increasing number of surviving patients with residual left ventricular dysfunction. It has been shown that viable myocardium in post-AMI patients and chronic heart failure patients plays an important role in predicting their prognosis and making clinical decisions. Viable myocardium refers to myocardium with reversible contractile dysfunction that occurs in coronary ischemia or after ischemia-reperfusion, but still has contractile reserve. Myocardial microvascular integrity is in correspondence with myocardial viability. Myocardial contrast echocardiography can evaluate the microvascular integrity of myocardial dysfunctional areas in patients with AMI or chronic coronary artery disease, detect viable myocardium, predict the potential for functional recovery in dysfunctional areas following reperfusion, and provide clinicians with valuable information for individualized treatment.
目的 探讨急性心肌梗死冠状动脉介入治疗(PCI)术后患者梗死区心肌存活性对左室重构及功能的影响。 方法 2006年2月-2010年12月208例急性心肌梗死急诊PCI术后的患者接受静息状态下18氟-脱氧葡萄正电子断层显像进行心肌代谢显像检查,根据基线梗死区心肌有无存活分为两组,同时进行超声心动图检查,评价左室壁运动、左室射血分数,左室舒张末内径、左房内径及舒张期二尖瓣血流速度峰值的比值。血运重建术后12个月随访超声心动图,观察梗死区心肌存活状态对于左室重构以及心功能的影响。 结果 PCI术后12个月,有存活心肌组左室射血分数(46.7 ± 6.98)%高于无存活心肌组(45.1 ± 7.12)%,两组差异有统计学意义(P<0.01),有存活心肌组左室舒张末期内径(53.17 ± 3.89) mm小于无存活心肌组(55.46 ± 4.75) mm,两组差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。左房内径及舒张期二尖瓣血流速度峰值的比值两组随访时均无明显变化。 结论 急性心肌梗死行PCI治疗后的患者,在有存活心肌的情况下,心功能改善明显;而梗死区无心肌存活的患者,12个月后,心功能减低,左室重构更加明显。
目的:应用心肌自发荧光(AF)研究心肌线粒体氧化代谢状态,监测线粒体功能改变的早期信号。方法:烟酰胺腺嘌呤(磷酸)二核苷酸[NAD(P)H]作为荧光探针,用光谱分辨的时间相关单光子计数(TCSPC)记录375nm紫外激光激发的心肌AF光谱和荧光寿命,测试影响线粒体呼吸时AF动态衰减。结果:在420~560nm光谱区域,至少需用3个荧光寿命池0.4~0.7ns,1.2~1.9ns和8.0~13.0ns描述细胞AF。线粒体呼吸阻断剂鱼藤酮可显著增加AF强度,缩短平均荧光寿命。氧化磷酸化解偶联剂二硝基酚可显著降低AF强度,在520nm处增宽荧光光谱,延长平均荧光寿命。这些结果和NADH荧光动力学离体实验(in vitro)有可比性。结论:光谱分辨的荧光寿命技术测定心肌NAD(P)H荧光有很好的重复性,在细胞水平上增加了心肌氧化代谢或线粒体功能障碍的知识,为临床诊断和治疗线粒体功能障碍开拓了新视野。