ObjectiveTo investigate the differences in self-perception level of asthma control and the factors affecting the ability of self-perception in patients with bronchial asthma. MethodsA total of 322 patients who were diagnosed with bronchial asthma at the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University from March 2013 to February 2015 were recruited in the study. The clinical data were collected, including the demographic characteristics of the patients, the Asthma Control Test (ACT) and results of routine blood test and pulmonary function test on the same day that they were required to fill out the ACT. Then they were followed up at the 1st, 3rd, 6th, 12th months, and required to fill out the ACT again, and underwent the blood routine test and lung function test. In addition, health education about asthma was offered regularly during these visits. ResultsA total of 226 patients met the inclusion criteria of the study. The patients with asthma had significant differences between self-perception control level and real symptoms control level (P<0.05). The patients who were 65 years old or older perceived their symptoms of bronchial asthma rather poorly (P=0.000). The patients who received senior high school or higher education had a higher ability of self-perceived asthma control (P=0.005). The patients with allergic rhinitis combined were less likely to correctly perceive their illness compared with those who did not suffered from allergic rhinitis, and the difference was statistically significant (P=0.001). In addition, for those diagnosed with allergic rhinitis combined with bronchial asthma, regular treatment also made difference--longer treatment for rhinitis means a higher ability of self-perceived asthma control (P=0.000). The health education did play a constructive role in helping patients correctly perceive their illness (P=0.000). There was no correlation between the absolute value of peripheral blood eosinophils and the accuracy of self-perceived asthma control. Nevertheless,there was a noticeable correlation between the ability of peripheral blood eosinophils of patients with asthma and acute attack of bronchial asthma (P=0.003),which was a meaningful finding in assessing the risk of future acute attack of bronchial asthma (P=0.469). ConclusionsThere is a significant difference between self-perception control level and symptom control level in patients with asthma. The self-perception control level of asthma patients who are elderly, the low degree of educational level, merged allergic rhinitis, and lack of health education are associated with lower accuracy of self-perception control level. The absolute value of peripheral blood eosinophils of the patients with asthma can be used to assess the risk of asthma acute attack in the future, but has no significant correlation with the accuracy of self-perception control level.
Artificial prosthesis is an important tool to help amputees to gain or partially obtain abled human limb functions. Compared with traditional prosthesis which is only for decoration or merely has feedforward control channel, the perception and feedback function of prosthesis is an important guarantee for its normal use and self-safety. And this includes the information of position, force, texture, roughness, temperature and so on. This paper mainly summarizes the development and current status of artificial prostheses in the field of perception and feedback technology in recent years, which is derived from two aspects: the recognition way of perception signals and the feedback way of perception signals. Among the part of recognition way of perception signals, the current commonly adopted sensors related to perception information acquisition and their application status in prosthesis are overviewed. Additionally, from the aspects of force feedback stimulation, invasive/non-invasive electrical stimulation, and vibration stimulation, the feedback methods of perception signals are summarized and analyzed. Finally, some problems existing in the perception and feedback technology of artificial prosthesis are proposed, and their development trends are also prospected.
目的 了解成都市社区老年慢性病患者对关爱的感知和需求，为更好地关爱老年慢性病患者提供依据。 方法 于2011年8月－10月采用随机抽样和问卷调查的方法，对成都市玉林社区、二仙桥社区、草堂街社区和驷马桥社区的180名老年慢性病患者的关爱感知和需求进行调查，并根据调查结果提出相应对策。 结果 180例老年慢性病患者中有98.89%能感受到关爱，1.11%自觉缺乏关爱；感知到的关爱主要来源于家庭成员,占91.01%，其次来源于亲戚朋友和邻居，占7.87%，最少来源于单位同事，占1.12%。关爱需求主要为家人团聚、关心体贴、尊重理解、日常照顾和心理情感支持、帮助解决困难、给予经济资助、提供情感支持等；护理关爱需求以尊重理解排在首位，其次是慢性病日常护理、慢性病的防治、老年保健和慢性病基本知识等。 结论 加强对社区卫生服务人员的能力培训，强化尊老爱老家庭氛围和社会风气，提高老年慢性病患者的关爱感知，有效地为老年慢性病患者提供关爱，更好地促进他们的健康。
Objective To explore the impact of quarantine experiences on the public’s perceived infection risk and expectations following the shift in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) policy. Methods From December 7 to 10, 2022, an online questionnaire survey was conducted to collect data on respondents’ past quarantine experiences and their perceived infection risk and expectations after the relaxation of COVID-19 restrictions. Independent-samples t-tests and multiple linear regression analysis were used to examine the effect of quarantine experience on the public’s perceived infection risk and expectations. Results A total of 570 valid questionnaires were collected. Among the 570 respondents, 377 had quarantine experience. Those who had experienced quarantine reported a significantly higher perceived risk of COVID-19 infection than those who had not (3.07±1.28 vs. 2.77±1.23, P=0.007). Multiple linear regression analysis showed that quarantine experience [unstandardized partial regression coefficient (b)=0.278, 95% confidence interval (CI) (0.069, 0.487), P=0.009] and attitude change [b=0.319, 95%CI (0.251, 0.388), P<0.001] were significant influencing factors of perceived infection risk. Conclusions After the shift in COVID-19 policy, quarantine experience has a significant impact on the public’s perceived infection risk and expectations. Respondents with quarantine experiences have a higher perceived risk of contracting the virus and more pessimistic expectations.
Organoids are an in vitro model that can simulate the complex structure and function of tissues in vivo. Functions such as classification, screening and trajectory recognition have been realized through organoid image analysis, but there are still problems such as low accuracy in recognition classification and cell tracking. Deep learning algorithm and organoid image fusion analysis are the most advanced organoid image analysis methods. In this paper, the organoid image depth perception technology is investigated and sorted out, the organoid culture mechanism and its application concept in depth perception are introduced, and the key progress of four depth perception algorithms such as organoid image and classification recognition, pattern detection, image segmentation and dynamic tracking are reviewed respectively, and the performance advantages of different depth models are compared and analyzed. In addition, this paper also summarizes the depth perception technology of various organ images from the aspects of depth perception feature learning, model generalization and multiple evaluation parameters, and prospects the development trend of organoids based on deep learning methods in the future, so as to promote the application of depth perception technology in organoid images. It provides an important reference for the academic research and practical application in this field.
Taking advantages of the sparsity or compressibility inherent in real world signals, compressed sensing (CS) can collect compressed data at the sampling rate much lower than that needed in Shannon’s theorem. The combination of CS and low rank modeling is used to medical imaging techniques to increase the scanning speed of cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR), alleviate the patients’ suffering and improve the images quality. The alternating direction method of multipliers (ADMM) algorithm is proposed for multiscale low rank matrix decomposition of CMR images. The algorithm performance is evaluated quantitatively by the peak signal to noise ratio (PSNR) and relative l2 norm error (RLNE), with the human visual system and the local region magnification as the qualitative comparison. Compared to L + S, kt FOCUSS, k-t SPARSE SENSE algorithms, experimental results demonstrate that the proposed algorithm can achieve the best performance indices, and maintain the most detail features and edge contours. The proposed algorithm can encourage the development of fast imaging techniques, and improve the diagnoses values of CMR in clinical applications.
The method of directly using speed information and angle information to drive attractors model of grid cells to encode environment has poor anti-interference ability and is not bionic. In response to the problem, this paper proposes a grid field calculation model based on perceived speed and perceived angle. The model has the following characteristics. Firstly, visual stream is decoded to obtain visual speed, and speed cell is modeled and decoded to obtain body speed. Visual speed and body speed are integrated to obtain perceived speed information. Secondly, a one-dimensional circularly connected cell model with excitatory connection is used to simulate the firing mechanism of head direction cells, so that the robot obtains current perception angle information in a biomimetic manner. Finally, the two kinds of perceptual information of speed and angle are combined to realize the driving of grid cell attractors model. The proposed model was experimentally verified. The results showed that this model could realize periodic hexagonal firing field mode of grid cells and precise path integration function. The proposed algorithm may provide a foundation for the research on construction method of robot cognitive map based on hippocampal cognition mechanism.
In order to address the issues of spatial induction bias and lack of effective representation of global contextual information in colon polyp image segmentation, which lead to the loss of edge details and mis-segmentation of lesion areas, a colon polyp segmentation method that combines Transformer and cross-level phase-awareness is proposed. The method started from the perspective of global feature transformation, and used a hierarchical Transformer encoder to extract semantic information and spatial details of lesion areas layer by layer. Secondly, a phase-aware fusion module (PAFM) was designed to capture cross-level interaction information and effectively aggregate multi-scale contextual information. Thirdly, a position oriented functional module (POF) was designed to effectively integrate global and local feature information, fill in semantic gaps, and suppress background noise. Fourthly, a residual axis reverse attention module (RA-IA) was used to improve the network’s ability to recognize edge pixels. The proposed method was experimentally tested on public datasets CVC-ClinicDB, Kvasir, CVC-ColonDB, and EITS, with Dice similarity coefficients of 94.04%, 92.04%, 80.78%, and 76.80%, respectively, and mean intersection over union of 89.31%, 86.81%, 73.55%, and 69.10%, respectively. The simulation experimental results show that the proposed method can effectively segment colon polyp images, providing a new window for the diagnosis of colon polyps.
Objective To explore the impact of hospital staff’s risk perception on their emergency responses, and provide reference for future responses to public health emergencies. Methods Based on participatory observation and in-depth interviews, the staff of the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University who participated in the prevention and control of the coronavirus disease 2019 from April to September 2020 were selected. The information on risk perception and emergency responses of hospital staff was collected. Results A total of 61 hospital staff were included. The positions of hospital staff were involved including hospital leading group, hospital office, medical department, logistics support department and outpatient isolation area. The interview results showed that both individual and organizational factors of hospital staff would affect the risk perception of hospital staff, thus affecting the emergency responses of hospital staff, mainly reflected in the psychological and behavioral aspects. Among them, their psychological reactions were manifested as more confidence, sensitivity, and sense of responsibility and mission; The behavior aspects was mainly reflected in the initiation time, execution ability, and standardization level of emergency responses actions. Conclusion Therefore, relevant departments should pay attention to the risk perception of hospital staff, improve the risk perception and emergency responses of hospital staff by influencing the individual and organizational factors of hospital staff, so as to respond more effectively to future public health emergencies and reduce the adverse impact of public health emergencies on the work of hospital staff.