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新生儿重症监护病房便携式广域眼底成像系统早产儿视网膜病变筛查结果分析

Diagnostic Value on 24-Hour Monitoring of Intraocular Pressure for Primary Open Angle Glaucoma

Objective To explore the diagnostic value on 24 hour monitoring of intraocular pressure (IOP) for primary open angle glaucoma (POAG). Methods A prospective study was applied, and a total of 372 subjects through January 2012 to May 2015 for 24 hour IOP monitoring were collected successively, including 137 subjects (271 eyes) with glaucoma (glaucoma group) and 235 subjects (470 eyes) with non-glaucoma (Control group). Data was analyzed using SPSS 13.0 software, and the Kappa statistics was used to evaluate concordance between 24 hour monitoring of IOP and gold standard for POAG diagnosis. Results The mean value of IOP at all monitoring period in glaucoma group was significant higher than that in the control group (P < 0.001). The peak of IOP occurred at 6:00 am and 10:00 in the glaucoma group, and the fluctuation value of IOP in women patients at night (especially at 22:00 pm) was higher than that of men (t=2.064, P=0.04). The sensitivity and specificity of 24 hour IOP monitoring for POAG were 97% and 78.7%, respectively, and with a high consistency comparing to the result of gold standard for POAG diagnosis, with the Kappa values of 0.707 (P < 0.000 1). Conclusion 24 hour IOP monitoring is efficacy and convenient tool, which can be applied alone or combined with other tools to assist early diagnosis patients who are suspected with POAG, so as to improve the diagnostic accuracy.

Hemoculture Detected Bacteria of Children and Antimicrobial Susceptibility Analysis in Liangshan Region

目的:了解本地区小儿败血症的病原菌种类、不同病原菌在各年龄段的分布情况及主要病原菌药物敏感状况,为指导临床诊断及合理使用抗生素提供依据。方法:对本院儿科近3年经血培养分离出的310株阳性菌株的构成比及对抗生素的药物敏感状况进行回顾性分析。结果:310株检出菌中G+菌201株占64.8%;G杆菌106株占34.2%;前5位病原菌依次为凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌(CNS)、沙门菌、大肠埃希菌、金黄色葡萄球菌(简称金葡菌)、链球菌属,分别占40.97%、21.61%、6.45%、4.51%、4.19%;新生儿败血症病原菌以CNS为主 (101株),其次为大肠埃希菌、肠球菌、克雷伯氏菌;6个月内小婴儿败血症致病菌与新生儿近似;婴幼儿各种细菌败血症均有发生;学龄前及学龄期儿童败血症病原菌依次为沙门菌、链球菌、金葡菌;药敏结果显示,大多数G+菌对青霉素、红霉素、苯唑西林、氨苄西林、头孢唑啉、头孢他啶、复方新诺明、庆大霉素耐药率超过60%;对万古霉素、利福平、阿米卡星、头孢西丁、喹诺酮类敏感。G杆菌中沙门菌对亚胺培南、氨曲南、三代头孢菌素、酶抑制剂复方制剂、喹诺酮类、复方新诺明保持高度敏感;大肠埃希菌多重耐药,对氨苄西林、哌拉西林、复方新诺明耐药率超过80%,对氨曲南、环丙沙星、庆大霉素、妥布霉素、头孢吡肟、头孢噻肟耐药率超过50%;其他G杆菌大多数对亚胺培南、呋南妥因、阿米卡星、奎诺酮类、头孢西丁敏感,酶抑制复合制剂的敏感率明显提高。结论:(1)CNS是新生儿及小婴儿败血症的主要病原菌,低毒力条件致病菌在该阶段小儿中感染率高;沙门菌是本地区近三年学龄期儿童败血症的主要病原菌,其感染呈逐年下降趋势。(2)不同病原菌的药敏状况差异很大,应高度重视感染病例的病原学检查,以利于制定临床抗感染方案,合理使用抗生素。(3)万古霉素、利福平、亚胺培南、氨曲南、第3代头孢菌素、阿米卡星及喹诺酮类目前仍为敏感抗生素。

Effect of Silencing of Hypoxia Inducible Factor-1 Alpha Gene on Chemosensitivity of Human Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cells and Correlative Mechanisms

【 Abstract 】 Objective To observe the effect of disruption of hypoxia inducible factor-1 α (HIF-1 α ) pathway by small hairpin RNA (shRNA) on chemosensitivity of human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells and to reveal the correlative mechanisms. Methods Plasmid of pshRNA-HIF-1α was transfected into HepG2 cells by lipofectamine. HepG2/pshRNA-HIF-1α (HepG2/pshRNA) cell lines were obtained by selection of HepG2 cells in G418. Meanwhile, plasmid of empty vector (pHK) was transfected as a control (HepG2/pHK). The mRNA and protein expression levels of HIF-1α and mdr1 were investigated by RT-PCR and Western blot respectively. Using CoCl2 to simulate the hypoxia condition, growth inhibition and apoptosis rates of HepG2 cells under different dosages of chemotherapeutic agents (adriamycin) were measured by MTT assay and flow cytometry (FCM) ． ResultsCompared with HepG2/pHK cells, the mRNA and protein expression levels of HIF-1αand mdr1 were obviously down-regulated in HepG2/pshRNA cells. At the same time, the proliferation inhibition and apoptosis rates were evidently increased after transfection with pshRNA-HIF-1α(P＜0.05)，which decreased the expression of HIF-1αto 82.18% at mRNA level and 75.51% at protein level. There was no significant effect of transfection pHK (Pgt;0.05). Conclusion These data demonstrates that HIF-1α interference by shRNA increased the sensitivity of HCC chemotherapy and the reversal of multidrug resistance, which may be done by down-regulating the transcription of mdr1 and the translation of P-gp. Blocking HIF-1αin HCC cells may offer an new avenue for gene therapy．

Sensitivity and Homogeneity Analysis in Network Meta-analysis Using R Software

ObjectiveTo introduce sensitivity and homogeneity tests in network meta-analysis and its implementation in R software. MethodsUsing an example, we performed sensitivity analysis by comparing the random effect model with the fixed effect model. Homogeneity analysis was performed using metaphor package and combinat package in R software. ResultsThe results of the two models were similar, and the data was steady. The results of homogeneity analysis showed that the confidential intervals in all loops were crossed over with blank value; and direct and indirect estimates of the effects in network meta-analysis were not significantly different, with good homogeneity. ConclusionNetwork meta-analysis is a kind of indirect comparison analysis method, and its sensitivity is especially important. The introduction of homogeneity makes network meta-analysis more accurate. Using R software for sensitivity and homogeneity analysis in network meta-analysis is a feasible method.

The Protective Effects of Ischemic Postconditioning on Ischemiareperfusion Myocardium and the Relationship with Mitochondrial Adenosine Triphosphate Sensitive K+ Channels

Objective To investigate the protective effects of ischemic postconditioning (IPo) on ischemiareperfusion (I/R) myocardium and the relationship with mitochondrial adenosine triphosphate (ATP) sensitive K+ channels (mitoKATP) and provide evidences to the development of druginduced postconditioning. Methods Langendorff models were established in 40 Wistar rats which were divided into 5 groups by random number table with 8 rats in each group. Normal control group(NC group): the rat hearts were continuously reperfused by KrebsHenseleit bicarbonate buffer (K-HB) for 100 min without any other treatment; I/R group: the rat hearts underwent a 40-min global ischemia followed by a 60-min reperfusion; IPo group: after a 40-min global ischemia, the process of 10-second reperfusion followed by a 10-second ischemia was repeated 6 times, then there was a continuous 58min reperfusion; 5-hydroxydecanoic acid(5-HD) group: after a 40min global ischemia, hearts with 5HD(100 μmol/L) K-HB were reperfused for 15min and then perfused without 5HD for 45min；IPo+5-HD group: after a 40-min global ischemia, the process that the isolated hearts with 5-HD(100 μmol/L) KHB were reperfused for 10second followed by a 10second ischemia was repeated 6 times, then the hearts with 5-HD(100 μmol/L) KHB were continuously [CM(159mm]perfused for 13-min followed by reperfusion without 5-HD(100 μmol/L) K-HB for 45-min. The cardiac function,coronary flow(CF), cardiac troponin I(cTnI) content in coronary effluent, the area of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and myocardial ultrastructure were observed. Results Left ventricular developed pressure(74.3±3.3 mm Hg vs. 57.1±3.3 mm Hg,t=1300, P=0.000),+dp/dtmax(1 706.6±135.6 mm Hg/s vs. 1 313.3±96.2 mm Hg/s,t=6.28,P=0.000),－dp/dtmax(1 132.8±112.1 mm Hg/s vs. 575.7±67.7 mm Hg/s,t=13.48, P=0.000) and CF(6.49±0.30 ml/min vs. 3.70±0.24 ml/min,t=28.6,P=0.000) in IPo group were higher than those in I/R group. Left ventricular enddiastolic pressure(10.9±1.7mm Hg vs. 26.2±1.5 mm Hg,t=－19.21, P=0000)and cTnI content in coronary effluent (0.62±0.01 ng/ml vs. 0.71±0.01 ng/ml, t=-12.00,P=0.000) were lower than those in I/R group; the area of AMI decreased 20.8％ compared with that in I/R group (Plt;0.05). The myocardial protective effect in IPo+5HD group was similar with that in IPo group, but lower than that in IPo group. The electron microscope showed that IPo and IPo+5HD could reduce myocardial fiber damage and mitochondrial damage caused by I/R. Conclusion IPo can protect I/R myocardium, which is achieved mainly by activating mitoK-ATP channels. 

糖尿病视网膜病变免散瞳数码眼底照相筛查

RADIOSENSITIVITY OF RETINOBLASTOMA CELL LINE HXO-Rb44

We have studied the radiosenstivity of retinoblastoma cell [inc: HXO Rb~4,and found that the ceil growth reduced markedly after being treated by 3GyT-ray. From both clone for mation method and MTT assay,we identify that HXO-Rb44 cell is radiosensitive to T-ray.Oxygen can increase the radiosensitivity of HXO-Rb44 cell, but decrease the repair of sublethal damage.Oxygen enchaneement ratio(OER)is 2.77~3.01. （Chin J Ocul Fundus Dis,1994,10:217-219）

Effects of X-Ray Dose on Expressions of MicroRNA-221 and PTEN in Human Colorectal Carcinoma Cells

Objective　To investigate the effects of X-ray dose on the expressions of microRNA-221 （miR-221） and phosphatase and a tensin homolog deleted from chromosome10 （PTEN） in human colorectal carcinoma （CRC） cells. Methods　Human CRC-derived cell line， Caco2， was cultured conventionally. The cells were divided into five groups and exposed to different doses of X-ray （0， 2， 4， 6， and 8 Gy） respectively. The total RNA and protein of the Caco2 cells were extracted after irradiation， and the miR-221 and PTEN mRNA expressions were detected by real-time RT-PCR.Moreover， the protein alteration of PTEN in Caco2 cells was detected by Western-blot analysis. Results　The radiation dose of X-ray significantly affected the expressions of miR-221 and PTEN protein in human Caco2 cells in a dose-depen-dent manner. Moreover， the miR-221 expression level was up-regulated gradually with the increase of irradiation dose， on the contrary， the PTEN protein expression level was down-regulated gradually （P＜0.01）. Conclusion　The radiation dose can affect the miR-221 and PTEN protein expression pattern in CRC cells.

肥大细胞对肠易激综合征影响的研究进展

肠易激综合征（irritable bowel syndrome，IBS）是一种常见的功能性肠道疾病。其患病率呈逐年上升趋势，具有病程长，难治愈，易复发等特征，严重影响患者的生活质量。IBS发病机制尚不明确，目前尚无最佳治疗方案，因此，明确 IBS 的病因和发病机制是治疗 IBS 的首要任务。目前学术界研究表明，肥大细胞显著影响 IBS 的发生发展，其释放的活性物质在 IBS 病理生理变化过程中发挥关键性作用。该文对肥大细胞在 IBS 发生发展中的作用研究进展作一综述，为明确 IBS 发病机制，探索新的治疗靶点及开发新型治疗药物提供有价值的参考依据和新思路。