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find Author "王双" 12 results
  • Evidence-Based Treatment for Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

    Based on literatures on Meta-analysis and randomized controlled trial, drug use and some geriatrics syndromes such as cognitive impairment and depression, in elderly diabetic patients were reviewed. Insulin plus oral hypoglycemic drugs was more rational therapy for insulin resistance and islet dysfunction in type 2 diabetes mellitus. We should pay more attention to cognitive impairment and depression in elderly type 2 diabetic patients.

    Release date:2016-09-07 02:28 Export PDF Favorites Scan
  • Could Corticosteroids Be Used for Pulmonary Tuberculosis Combined with Tuberculous Meningitis and Tuberculous Pericarditis: An Evidence-based Treatment for a 14-year-old Boy

    Objective To formulate an evidence-based treatment for a patient with pulmonary tuberculosis combined with tuberculous meningitis and tuberculous pericarditis. Methods According to the principles of evidencebased clinical practice, we searched The Cochrane Library (Issue 2, 2008), Ovid-Reviews (1991 to 2008), MEDLINE (1950 to 2008), and http://www.guideline.org. to identify the best evidence for treating a patient with pulmonary tuberculosis combined with tuberculous meningitis and tuberculous pericarditis. Results Nine guidelines, 2 systematic reviews, and 11 randomized controlled trials were included. The evidence showed that corticosteroids could help reduce the risk of death and disabling residual neurological deficiencies in patients with tuberculous meningitis. After adjusting for age and gender, the overall death rate of patients with tuberculous pericarditis was significantly reduced by prednisolone (P=0.044), as well as the risk of death from pericarditis (P=0.004). But for patients with pulmonary tuberculosis, there was still a controversy about the use of corticosteroids. Given the evidence, the patient’s clinical conditions, and his preferences, dexamethasone was used for the boy in question. After 7 weeks of treatment, his cerebrospinal fluid returned to normal and pericardial effusion disappeared. Conclusion  Corticosteroids should be recommended in HIV-negative people with tuberculous meningitis or/and tuberculous pericarditis. The difference in the effectiveness of various corticosteroids such as dexamethasone, prednisolone, or methylprednisolone and the optimal duration of corticosteroid therapy is still unknown.

    Release date:2016-08-25 03:36 Export PDF Favorites Scan
  • Does Diabetes and Long-acting Insulin Glargine Increase the Risk of Malignancies: An Evidence-based Treatment for a Diabetic Patient Accompanied with Pancreatic Cancer

    Objective Through studying a diabetic patient accompanied with pancreatic cancer by means of evidence-based clinical practice, to find out the relationship between diabetes mellitus and cancer and whether the long-acting insulin glargine increases the risk of cancer or not, which is regarded as a disputable hot issue at present. Methods Such databases as The Cochrane Library (Issue 3, 2010), OVID-EBM Reviews (1991 to Sept. 2010), MEDLINE (1950 to Sept. 2010) and CNKI (2000 to Sept. 2010) were retrieved to collect high quality clinical evidence, and the best therapy was formulated in accordance with the willingness of patients themselves. Results Eight randomized controlled trials (RCTs), four meta-analyses and one RCT meta-analysis were included. The evidence indicated that: a) Diabetes mellitus was kind of related to the occurrence of malignancies; b) There was no evidence at present showing the relationship between long-acting insulin glargine and cancer; c) Strictly controlling of blood sugar did not increase the risk of tumorigenesis, but hyperglycemia causing cancer was proofless; and d) Whether the diabetic patient with cancer should stop taking long-acting insulin glargine or not should require suggestions from specialists rather than patients themselves. Conclusion No evidence at present shows that tumorigenesis is related to diabetes mellitus, long-acting insulin glargine and strict controlling of blood sugar. It is necessary to require more evidence to decide whether the therapy should be adjusted or not for the diabetic patient with cancer who is in the process of glargine therapy.

    Release date:2016-09-07 11:03 Export PDF Favorites Scan
  • Evidence-based Clinical Treatment of Diabetic Nephropathy with Albuminuria

    Objective To make individualized evidence-based treatment for patients with diabetic nephropathy with albuminuria. Methods Based on the clinical questions we raised, evidence was collected and critically assessed. Patients’ willingness was also taken into consideration in the decision-making treatment Results Seventy studies were retrieved and finally 14 randomized controlled trials, 2 systematic reviews, 2 meta-analyses and 41 clinical guidelines were considered eligible. The evidence indicated that albuminuria was an independent cardiovascular risk factor of diabetic patients; angiotensin receptor antagonists might decrease the level of urinary albumin excretion in patients with type 2 diabetic nephropathy; and such patients might benefit from blood glucose and blood pressure control. The individualized treatment plans were developed based on the available evidence. After 1 month of treatment, the serum creatinine returned to normal and albuminuria became negative. Conclusion The individualized treatment plans based on the high quality evidence were optimal in reducing cardiovascular complications and urinary albumin excretion. However, long-term prognostic benefits need to be confirmed by further follow-up.

    Release date:2016-09-07 02:12 Export PDF Favorites Scan
  • Evidence-Based Treatment for an Newly Diagnosed Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Elderly Patient

    Objective Methods of evidence-based medicine were used to make an individulized treatment plan concerning newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus in elderly patients. Method After clinical problems were put forward, evidence was collected from third issue, 2003, Cochrane Library, Medline (PubMed 1990.1-2003.2) and http:// sumsearch.uthscsa.edu/ searchform4.htm according to the search strategy. Subject words were: diabetes mellitus non-insulin-dependent; self-monitor of blood glucose; micro-and macro-vascular complications; sulphonylureas; insulin ; aspirin; metformin; acarbose; self-monitor of blood glucose; older patient; hypertension management; Lipid management; RCT; human; meta-analysis;systmatic review. Results A total of 112 RCTs, and 24 systematic reviews were identified. A rational treatment plan was made upon a serious evaluation of the data. After one year follow-up, the plan was proved optimal. Conclusions The treatment efficacy in newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus in the elderly has been improved by determining an individulized treatment plan according to evidence-based methods.

    Release date:2016-09-07 02:27 Export PDF Favorites Scan
  • Deep Venous Thrombosis of Upper Extremities After Implantation of Cardiac Pacemaker: Analysis of the Risk Factors, Treatment and Secondary Prevention

    Little has been reported about deep venous thrombosis (DVT) that occurs after the implantation of the cardiac pacemaker. DVT affects the prognosis and quality of life of patients severely, or even causes fatal pulmonary embolism. Research on its risk factors, therapeutic strategy and secondary prevention does not coincide with one another. We have searched the systematic reviews and randomized controlled trials of DVT through PubMed, Cochrane Library and Guideline. Evidence has showed that previous DVT, over 40 years of age, and surgical history are the major risk factors. Initial treatment of DVT with heparin and maintenance therapy with oral anticoagulant are indispensable and effective, and could improve the prognosis of patients. If patients with previous DVT are at increased risk in the future, heparin and / or oral anticoagulant application may be used for prophylaxis.

    Release date:2016-09-07 02:28 Export PDF Favorites Scan
  • Comprehensive Geriatric Assessment of Patients Older than 75 Years with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and A 2-year Follow-up Study of the Effect of Glargin-based Hypoglycemic Therapy

    【摘要】 目的 老年综合评估法筛查75岁以上2型糖尿病(type 2 diabetes mellitus,T2DM)合并老年综合征的情况,并观察以甘精胰岛素为基础的治疗方法对老年综合征、血糖、低血糖事件、治疗满意度等的影响。 方法 应用老年综合评估中的日常生活能力、工具性日程生活能力、简易智能量表、老年抑郁量表、微型营养评定法,分别评估2005年12月—2009年12月老年门诊及病房住院的日常生活能力、认知功能状态、情绪障碍和营养状态,对其合并功能障碍、痴呆、抑郁、营养障碍、伤害性跌倒等老年综合征的患病情况进行横断面调查;筛选至少合并一种老年综合征和一个其他合并疾病,血糖控制差、预期寿命有限的患者进行以甘精胰岛素为基础的降糖治疗,采用自身前后对照的方法了解对糖化血红蛋白(hemoglobin A1c, HbA1c)、低血糖事件、治疗满意度的影响,并观察甘精胰岛素治疗方案对上述老年综合征的影响。 结果 132例老年门诊及病房住院的75岁以上T2DM患者功能障碍者高达50.0%(66例),罹患包括轻度认知功能障碍在内的痴呆比例为39.4%(52例);合并抑郁症28.0%(37例);营养失衡30.0%(39例)。33例患者符合甘精胰岛素治疗纳入标准,经过2年的随访发现,以甘精胰岛素为基础的治疗方案在适当降低HbA1c水平时,不增加老年综合征的患病率,但可以减少胰岛素多次皮下注射的次数,降低低血糖事件发生次数(由1.58次/例降为0.81次/例),提高患者治疗满意度。 结论 75岁以上T2DM患者合并老年综合征的比例高,老年综合评估能及时发现老年综合征;以甘精胰岛素为基础的治疗方案不增加老年综合征的发生,并能显著降低低血糖事件数、改善营养状态、提高患者对治疗的满意度。【Abstract】 Objective To screen geriatric syndrome in patients older than 75 years with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) by the method of comprehensive geriatric assessment, and observe the impact of glargin-based therapy on geriatric syndrome, blood glucose level, the event of hypoglycemia and treatment satisfaction degree in patients older than 75 years with T2DM who suffered at least one kind of Geriatric syndromes. Methods From December 2005 to December 2009, activity of daily living (ADL), instrument activity of daily living (IADL), mini-mental state examination, geriatric depression scale and mini-nutritional assessment in comprehensive geriatric assessment were used to assess daily living ability, cognitive function status, emotional disorder and nutritional status of out/in-patients older than 75 years with T2DM in the Department of Geriatrics. Cross-sectional study was carried out to investigate geriatric syndromes such as combined functional disorder, dementia, depression, nutritional disorder and impairment falls in those patients, and patients with T2DM combined with at least one kind of geriatric syndrome and another kind of combined disease were screened out. A glargin-based anti-hyperglycemic therapy was carried out for those patients with poor blood glucose control limited remaining life time. The effects of this therapy on hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), the event of hypoglycemia and treatment satisfaction degree of the patients were studied through a self-comparison method. Then, its effect on the above-mentioned geriatric syndromes was observed. Results Among all the 132 out/in patients older than 75 years with T2DM, the prevalence rates of functional disorder (including ADL and IADL), dementia including mild cognitive disorder, depression, and malnutrition were respectively 50.0% (66), 39.4% (52), 28.0% (37), and 30.0% (39). Only 33 patients met the criteria of glargin-based treatment. After 2 years of follow-up, we found that the glargin-based treatment could properly decrease the level of HbA1c without increasing the prevalence rate of geriatric syndrome. Moreover, it could reduce the frequency of insulin injection and the events of hypoglycemia, and treatment satisfaction degree was also significantly improved. Conclusions Geriatric syndrome has a relatively high prevalence rate in patients older than 75 years with T2DM. Comprehensive geriatric assessment is beneficial in finding out the geriatric syndrome, and glargin-based hypoglycemic therapy can significantly reduce the events of hypoglycemia, improve nutritional status, and increase treatment satisfaction degree without increasing the rate of geriatric syndrome .

    Release date:2016-09-08 09:26 Export PDF Favorites Scan
  • Evidence-based Practice for an Old Diabetic Patient with Frailty Syndrome

    ObjectiveTo provide the best evidence for an old diabetic patient who combined with frailty syndrome with the goal of glycemic control, treatment strategy and their prognosis. MethodsPubMed, MEDLINE (Ovid), EMbase, The Cochrane Library (Issue 11, 2015) and CNKI were searched from their inception to Nov. 2015, to collect evidence about the management of glycemic control. Evidences were analyzed by the way of evidenced-based criterions. ResultsOne clinical guideline, one meta-analysis, three RCTs, seven cohort studies and four case-control studies were included. Evidence showed that compared with patient uncombined with frailty, old diabetic patients with frailty had a higher prevalence of dementia, cardiovascular diseases and death; Aggressive glycemic control could not reduce the prevalence of cardiovascular events and the risk of death, while it could increase the risk of falling. Glycemic control was more comprehensive which would be taken frailty into consideration. Diet rich in protein (especially leucine), resistance exercise and reasonable medications based on comprehensive geriatric assessment were proved benefit for the old diabetic patient. ConclusionThe incidence of cardiovascular events, hypoglycemia and mortality are increased in this old diabetic patient who combined with frailty. Maintaining HbA1c around 7.5% is reasonable and diet with enough calorie and rich in protein (especially leucine), resistance exercises should be recommended for the person.

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  • 老年糖尿病患者的营养评价和医学营养干预原则

    医学营养干预是糖尿病综合管理的基础手段,而全面的营养风险评估是实施这一手段的前提。大量的研究显示,老年糖尿病患者合并症多且人群异质性强,因此个体化原则是老年糖尿病营养干预取得成效并得以持续的关键。该文对老年糖尿病患者,尤其是生命终末期或合并认知功能障碍的老年糖尿病患者的营养风险评估和医学营养干预原则进行了综述。

    Release date:2017-10-27 11:09 Export PDF Favorites Scan
  • Cognitive frailty: a new emerging complication in elderly patients with diabetes

    Frailty and cognitive impairment are two major risk factors for adverse outcomes in elderly patients with diabetes. In the elderly, physical frailty and cognitive impairment frequently coexist, and have similar pathophysiological pathways, so the new concept of " cognitive debilitation” has been proposed. Physical frailty and cognitive impairment could accelerate the decline of function among elderly diabetic patients, and seriously affect their quality of life. Early identification and appropriate intervention of cognitive frailty may improve the adverse outcomes of elderly patients with diabetes. This article reviews the research progress of cognitive frailty and senile diabetes.

    Release date:2019-11-25 04:42 Export PDF Favorites Scan
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