ObjectiveTo determine the risk factors for recurrence of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) after orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT). MethodsThe clinical data from seventysix consecutive HCC patients who underwent OLT were retrospectively analyzed. The patients were divided into nonrecurrence group (n=53) and recurrence group (n=23) based on recurrence, and the characteristics of tumor recurrence were analyzed. ResultsThe overall recurrence rate of tumor was 30.3% (23/76). By univariate analysis, gender (P=0.449), age (P=0.091), received preoperative therapy or not (P=0.958), tumor numbers (P=0.212), and HBV/HCV infection (P=0.220) were not closely related with tumor recurrence, while the integrality of tumor capsule (P=0.009), tumor stage (P=0.002), tumor diameter (Plt;0.001), vascular invasion (Plt;0.001), and AFP level before transplantation (P=0.044) were significantly related with tumor recurrence. Furthermore, the oneyear recurrence rate of tumor was higher in patients whose AFP level returned to normal within two months after transplantation (Plt;0.001) and tumor diameter was less than 5.0 cm (P=0.001). Multivariate analysis revealed that tumor diameter (P=0.001, OR=6.456, 95%CI: 2.356-17.680), vascular invasion (P=0.030, OR=10.653, 95%CI: 1.248-90.910), and AFP level before transplantation (P=0.017, OR=2.601, 95%CI: 2.196-5.658) were independent risk factors for tumor recurrence. ConclusionMore attentions shall be paid to these patients with tumor diameter gt;5.0 cm, vascular invasion, and AFP level before transplantation ≥400 μg/L, in particular AFP level is beyond normal within two months after transplantation, and antitumor therapy shall be given as soon as possible.
Whether anatomical segmentectomy can replace lobectomy in the treatment of early-stage lung cancer remains controversial. A large number of studies have been conducted for decades to explore whether pulmonary segmentectomy can treat early-stage lung cancer, which is actually to explore the indications of intentional segmentectomy. With the development of scientific researches, it is found that many characteristics affect the malignancy of lung cancer, and the different grades of each characteristic affect the prognosis of patients. It is worth exploring whether different surgical approaches can be used for early-stage lung cancer with different characteristics and different grades. This article reviews the literature and studies to discuss the advances in indications of segmentectomy for early-stage lung in terms of tumor size, consolidation-to-tumor ratio, pathological classification and tumor location, respectively. The objective of this review is to help thoracic surgeons to objectively and scientifically select the surgical method according to the clinical characteristics of early-stage lung cancer.
ObjectiveTo elucidate the correlation between radiological tumor size (RTS) and pathological tumor size (PTS), and to evaluate the accuracy of clinical T staging. Methods Data on patients who underwent complete resection between September 2018 and June 2019 were retrospectively collected. The correlation between RTS and PTS was analyzed by and we assessed the agreement between clinical and pathologic T staging. Results Finally, 1 880 patients were included. There were 778 males and 1 102 females at average age of 57±11 years. In the entire cohort, the RTS and PTS was 19.1±13.5 mm and 17.7±14.0 mm, respectively (P<0.001). The RTS and PTS showed a strong linear correlation with the Pearson’s correlation coefficient calculated as 0.897. The mean RTS was significantly larger than PTS (P<0.001) in tumors≤3 cm, but significantly smaller in tumors>4 cm. The overall concordance rate between clinical and pathological T staging was 65.6%. Clinical staging failed to detect T4 disease in 29.4% (5/17) of patients. Male patients and the presence of cavities within nodules were independent significant factors leading to inaccurate clinical T staging. Conclusions The correlation between the tumor sizes measured on thin-section computed tomography and pathologic specimens varies with the real tumor size. Methods and techniques for improving clinical T staging accuracy is in urgent need.