ObjectiveTo explore the effect of Poria cocos on xenograft tumors of gastric cancer SGC-7901 cell line in mude mice. Method①After establishment of xenograft tumor of gastric cancer SGC-7901 cell line, 10 nude mice were equally divided into normal control group and Poria cocos group. The nude mice of each group were gavaged with normal saline (NS) and Poria cocos (0.5 mL) for 32 days, respectively. Tumor volume were measured to draw tumor growth curves and the tumor weight inhibitory rate was calculated with tumor weight (on the 32-day, nude mice were sacrificed to get the xenograft tumors). The expressions of B cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2), Bcl-2 associated X protein (Bax), Caspase-3, Caspase-9, and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) were detected by immunohistochemical staining. ②Preparation of drug serum containing Poria cocos. Gastric cancer SGC-7901 cell line were be divided into 2 groups: normal control group and Poria cocos group. Cells of normal control group were treated with serum containing NS, and cells of Poria cocos group were treated with drug serum containing 10% Poria cocos. After 24 hours and 48 hours, Western-blot was used to detect the expressions of Bcl-2 and Bax. ResultsOn 32-day, the volume and weight of xenograft tumors in normal control group〔(2 652.17±225.01) mm3 and (2.48±0.21) g〕were both higher than those of Poria cocos group〔(1 247.56±277.23) mm3 and (1.28±0.28) g〕, P<0.050. The tumor inhibitory rate in Poria cocos group was 48.39%. The results of immunohistochemical staining showed that, compared with normal control group, Poria cocos could down-regulate the expressions of Bcl-2〔(4.20±1.10）score vs. (8.00±1.20) score〕and VEGF〔(3.80±0.45) score vs. (7.80±1.10) score〕, while up-regulate the expressions of Bax〔(7.40±1.34) score vs. (3.00±0.71) score〕, Caspase-3〔(6.60±1.34) score vs. (2.60±0.55) score〕, and Caspase-9〔(7.20±1.79) score vs. (4.00±1.22) score〕, P<0.050. Compared with normal control group (1.72±0.03), the expression value of Bcl-2 was all higher in 24 h-Poria cocos group (0.96±0.04) and 48 h-Poria cocos group (0.77±0.04), P<0.050, and the expression value was higher in 48 h-Poria cocos group than that of 24 h-Poria cocos group (P<0.050). Compared with normal control group (0.15±0.01), the expression value of Bax was higher in 48 h-Poria cocos group (0.55±0.01), P<0.050, but there was no significant difference between the normal control group and 24 h-Poria cocos group（0.19±0）, P>0.050. ConclusionsPoria cocos can restrain the growth of xenograft tumors for gastric cancer SGC-7901 cell line in mude mice, and the mechanism may be related to mitochondrial apoptosis pathway and the inhibition of expression of VEGF.
Objective To observe the life quality and the immune function of colorectal cancer patients treated by huaier granule combined with FOLFOX4 chemotherapy. Methods A total of 76 cases of colorectal cancer with chemotherapy indications were divided into two groups at random. Huaier granule and FOLFOX4 chemotherapy was applied in trial group， meanwhile， placebo and FOLFOX4 chemotherapy in control group. The changes of life quality， common condition， and immune state in two groups before and after treatment were abserved. Results The effective rate in the trial group was 92.1％ （35/38）， and in the control group was 65.8％ （25/38）， χ2=7.91， P＜0.005. The life quality improving rate in the trial group was 78.9％ （30/38）， and in the control group was 31.6％ （12/38）， χ2=6.33， P＜0.05. The CD3 increase rate in the trial group was 65.8％（25/38）， and in the control group was 23.7 ％ （9/38）， χ2=7.96， P＜0.005， the CD4/CD8 increase rate in the trial group was 68.4 ％（26/38） , and in the control group was 28.9％ （11/38）， χ2=10.53， P＜0.005. Conclusions Huaier granule can significantly improv the clinical symptoms, life quality, and immune state. Huaier granule combined with FOLFOX4 chemotherapy is a new effective scheme to cure colorectal cancer， is worth further generalization．
ObjectiveTo establish a stable laboratory model of temporary hypoparathyroidism following thyroid operation in rabbits. MethodsTwenty New Zealand white rabbits were randomized into 2 groups (the four parathyroid glands injured group and the two inferior parathyroid glands injured group, n=10 for each group). In the two inferior parathyroid glands injured group, blood supply vessels of the two inferior parathyroid glands were injured with ligation. In the four parathyroid glands injured group, total thyroidectomy (including two superior parathyroid glands) were performed and blood supply vessels of the two inferior parathyroid glands were injured with ligation. The number of the identified parathyroid glands were counted during operation. Serum calcium and parathyroid hormone (PTH) were evaluated preoperatively and postoperatively on 1 d, 2 d, 3 d, 5 d and in 1 week, 2 weeks, 3 weeks, and 4 weeks. Model achievement rate were calculated. ResultsFour parathyroid glands were identified in rabbits. The two superior parathyroid glands were in thyroid tissue which were identified with histology, and the two inferior parathyroid glands located in the fascia plane between the sternohyoid, sternothyroid muscles and the carotid artery which can easily be identified with naked eye. There were no significant difference in preoperative calcium and PTH between the two groups (P > 0.05). In the two inferior parathyroid glands injured group, significantly decreased in serum calcium were observed on 1 d, 2 d and 3 d after operation (P < 0.05). In the four parathyroid glands injured group, significantly decreased in blood calcium were observed on 1 d, 2 d, 3 d and 5 d after operation (P < 0.05). The lowest level of serum calcium was observed on 1 d in two groups. Postoperative serum PTH were significantly declined in two groups on 1 d, 2 d, 3 d, 5 d, and in 1 week, 2 weeks and 3 weeks (P < 0.05). The lowest serum PTH was also observed on 1 d in two groups. Significantly lower serum PTH were found in the four parathyroid glands injured group on 1 d, 2 d and 3 d than in the two inferior parathyroid glands injured group (P < 0.05). Lower PTH level were found in the four parathyroid glands injured group on 5 d, and in 1 week, 2 weeks, 3 weeks and 4 weeks, but no significance (P > 0.05). Positive correlation between serum calcium and PTH were noticed (r=0.771, P=0.000). Model achievement rate were higher on 3 d and 5 d in the four parathyroid glands injured group than that of the two inferior parathyroid glands injured group (P < 0.05). ConclusionsStable animal model of temporary hypoparathyroidism following thyroidectomy can be established by total-thyroidectomy plus ligation the blood vessels of the two inferior parathyroid glands. This model can be used for further study.
ObjectiveTo summarize the experience of comprehensive treatment of parathyroid carcinoma (PTC).MethodThe clinicopathologic data of patient with PTC admitted to the First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University were retrospectively analyzed.ResultsThe patient was a 42-year-old male, who was diagnosed with the primary hyperparathyroidism after suffering from systemic joint pain for more than 2 years. The patient accepted the first operation in a primary hospital, including the resection of the PTC and ipsilateral thyroid lobectomy, and the PTC was confirmed pathologically. The second operation was performed due to the tumor relapse within thyroid bed. The third operation was performed with the palliative resection of the recurrent tumor in the right neck and the three-dimensional conformal radiation therapy was performed. The fourth operation was performed in the left neck with lateral lymph node dissection of level Ⅲ and level Ⅳ. The lower left lung cuneiform resection was performed in the fifth operation. For the last operation, the mediastinal metastatic tumor was removed with thoracoscopy. The multiple imaging evaluation showed no evidence of recurrence in the neck, but the extensive pulmonary metastasis occurred.ConclusionsSurgery is the only effective treatment for PTC. En bloc excision consists of resection of primary tumor, ipsilateral thyroid lobectomy, other surrounding structures involved by the tumor and central neck dissection. During operation, tumor rupture should be avoided. Accessible metastatic tumor should be resected when possible. Radiotherapy should be performed in patient with local infiltration or unresectable tumor. Effect of chemotherapy for PTC is poor. Supportive medical care should be given for fatal hypercalcemia in patient when treatment failed to control tumor.