目的 提高腹部锐器伤的诊断和治疗水平。方法 总结分析我院普外科1990年1月至1999年6月所收治的200例腹部锐器伤患者的资料。结果 男女比例7∶1，小于45岁者占75%，就诊平均时间3.8小时，95%为斗殴刀刺伤。单纯腹壁贯通伤占20%，单个脏器损伤占34%，多个脏器损伤占46%，休克发生率为26%。保守治疗20例，均为单纯腹壁贯通伤，手术治疗180例，总死亡率为2%。结论 腹部锐器伤的诊断虽然较为直观，但在6种特殊情况下容易延误诊断： ①腹内脏器损伤后的延时表现； ②经胸穿透膈肌导致腹内脏器损伤； ③经剑突下方刺伤并穿透膈肌导致心脏损伤； ④在受伤现场及来院途中的大量外出血导致休克； ⑤腹膜后血肿的诊断； ⑥直肠腹膜外损伤导致盆底腹膜贯通及腹内脏器损伤。在治疗方面，笔者强调了手术探查时的6项要点，并对各类脏器损伤的处理要点提出建议。
In order to solve imperfection of heart rate extraction by method of traditional ballistocardiogram (BCG), this paper proposes an improved method for detecting heart rate by BCG. First, weak cardiac activity signals are acquired in real time by embedded sensors. Local BCG beats are obtained by signal filtering and signal conversion. Second, the heart rate is estimated directly from the BCG beat without the use of a heartbeat template. Compared with other methods, the proposed method has strong advantages in heart rate data accuracy and anti-interference, and it also realizes non-contact online detection. Finally, by analyzing the data of more than 20,000 heart rates of 13 subjects, the average beat error was 0.86% and the coverage was 96.71%. It provides a new way to estimate heart rate for hospital clinical and home care.