Objective To investigate the morbidity and mortality of malignant tumors in Chengdu, and get to know their epidemiological characteristics and trends, so as to provide evidence for the policy-making of tumor prevention and control. Methods The ICD-10 coding method was used to analyze the morbidity and mortality of malignant tumors in different ages, genders, areas and types, based on the surveillance data in Chengdu collected from 1990 to 2010. Results The reporting morbidity rose from 32.29/100 000 in 1990 to 171.63/100 000 in 2010, while the reporting mortality rose from 87.03/100 000 in 1990 to 177.51/100 000 in 2010. Liver cancer was seen with the highest morbidity and mortality rate in Chengdu in 2010. The mortality of cancer was higher in male than in female (233.49/100 000 vs. 121.12/100 000). No significant differences were observed between city and rural areas (177.84/100 000 vs. 176.95/100 000). Conclusion The morbidity and mortality rates of tumor are rising year by year, and tumor has become the main disease threatening people’s health. It is suggested that earlier prevention and control measures should be implemented as soon as possible.
Objective To retrospectively analyze the morbidity, mortality, epidemiologic trends and distribution characteristic of top-three malignant tumors in Chengdu from 1990 to 2010, and to be aware of the incidence risk factors, and types and syn-position of main tumors, so as to provide evidence for the policy-making of tumor prevention and control. Methods ICD-10 coding method was used to categorize diseases and analyze the morbidity and mortality of malignant tumors seen in different ages, genders, areas and types, based on the surveillance data in Chengdu collected since 1990. Results The morbidity reports of top-three malignant tumors in Chengdu from 1999 to 2010 were lung cancer, liver cancer and colorectal cancer, the same as the mortality reports from 1999 to 2005, But the mortality of gastric cancer exceeded that of colorectal cancer and ranked as the third from 2005 to 2010. The mortality of top-three malignant tumors in male patients was higher than those in female patients. No difference was observed between urban and rural areas. The mortality of main malignant tumors rose along with the age growth. Conclusion Lung cancer, liver cancer and gastric cancer have become the main malignant tumors threatening Chengdu civilians, and their morbidity and mortality are rising yearly, which suggests that the prevention and control measures such as early diagnosis and treatment should be implemented aiming directly at those main tumors.
Tuberculosis (TB) is a major global public health threat. The World Health Organization’s 2020-2024 Global TB Reports cover the TB situation from 2019 to 2023. In 2023, TB re-emerged as the world’s leading infectious killer, with an estimated 10.8 million new cases. The growth in the incidence rate has slowed, and the number of deaths decreased to 1.25 million. The COVID-19 pandemic significantly disrupted TB control efforts in 2020-2021; as control measures are gradually restored, TB control is showing a positive trend. However, significant regional disparities in incidence persist, with eight high-burden countries, including India and China, accounting for over two-thirds of the global total. In 2023, the global treatment coverage for drug-resistant TB was 44% with a treatment success rate of 68%, but with 400 000 new drug-resistant cases, the control situation remains severe. China has made remarkable progress in TB control: new cases fell to 741 000 in 2023 (an incidence of 52 per 100 000); mortality decreased significantly; the proportion of drug-resistant cases dropped from 14% to 7.3%; and the TB/HIV co-infection rate fell from 1.68% to 0.66%, outperforming the global average. Globally, control measures continue to improve: global treatment coverage increased from 70% in 2019 to 75% in 2023, the number of people receiving preventive therapy grew to 4.7 million, and rapid diagnostic coverage reached 48%. In China, the number of patients treated recovered to 564 900 in 2023, and the rapid diagnostic coverage rate rose to 74%. While technological innovations have enhanced the efficiency of prevention, screening, diagnosis, treatment, and management, achieving the 2030 end TB goals will require strengthening TB management, building primary healthcare capacity, and targeting interventions for high-risk populations, while balancing resource allocation with technological innovation to address the challenges of a heterogeneous global epidemic.
Objective To provide evidence for the establishment and improvement of public health system in China by comparing national public health emergency system of some representative countries.Methods The principle and method of evidence-based science were applied to search and evaluate data from the official websites of China, United States, United Kingdom, Australia and Singapore. The performance of each country’s public health emergency response system in SARS prevention and control, as well as their organization structure and mechanism were compared. The existing problems and corresponding countermeasures were then put forward. Results Public health system showed the best performance was in US, UK and Australia. The responding mechanism of Singapore was highly admired by WHO. The organization structure of China was similar to that of developed countries, but its performance was far lagged behind because of insufficient financial support, poor management and inefficient operational mechanism. Conclusions The public health emergency response system in China needs to be reformed by giving priority to mechanism reinforcement. Different models should be taken into account regarding different regional situations in China.