目的 探讨膝关节盘状半月板的诊断标准，双膝盘状半月板的MRI分型及损伤特点。 方法 通过对2009年11月－2013年3月，13 936膝大样本量的MRI检查的盘状半月板流行病学研究，筛查出双膝关节盘状半月板956膝，并对诊断为盘状半月板的全部患者行冠状位髁间棘层面半月板宽度与胫骨平台宽度之比（板面比）、矢状位“领结样”改变层面中半月板后角最厚层面的厚度（半月板后角厚度）及矢状位“领结样”改变层数测量并分析；根据盘状半月板MRI表现分为板型、楔型、肥角型；分析双膝盘状半月板分型，比较双膝盘状半月板损伤率与总体损伤率的差别。 结果 956膝盘状半月板中伴撕裂392膝，损伤率为41.0%；筛查出45例90膝双膝盘状半月板，外侧44例，内侧1例，其中板型58膝、楔型32膝，无肥角型，伴盘状半月板撕裂23膝，损伤率为25.5%；双膝盘状半月板的损伤率低于盘状半月板总体平均值。 结论 板面比≥0.20、半月板后角厚度≥4.40 mm、矢状位连续“领结样”改变层数≥3层为盘状半月板的MRI诊断标准；双膝盘状半月板多见于外侧，分型中未见肥角型，损伤率较总体损伤率低。
目的:探讨嗅沟脑膜瘤的影像学表现与病理组织学之间的相关关系及其鉴别诊断。方法:对11例经手术及病理证实为嗅沟脑膜瘤的患者进行回顾性分析。男5例,女6例,年龄29～59岁,平均48岁。行CT检查3例,MRI检查8例,均为增强扫描。分析CT、MRI影像特征,并与手术、病理结果对照。结果:瘤灶起源于颅前窝嗅沟,多数密度或信号均匀,边界清楚,均匀增强;少数不均匀增强,大部分病例出现脑膜尾征,少数伴钙化、坏死、囊变。邻近颅骨受累时引起骨质增生或受侵。结论:起源于嗅沟的脑膜瘤均具有典型的影像学表现特征。嗅沟骨质及其脑膜影像改变的显示,对瘤灶起源具有重要的定位、定性诊断价值。MRI优于CT,但CT对钙化和骨质改变显示优于MRI。
With the rapid development of artificial intelligence technology, researchers have applied it to the diagnosis of various tumors in the urinary system in recent years, and have obtained many valuable research results. The article sorted the research status of artificial intelligence technology in the fields of renal tumors, bladder tumors and prostate tumors from three aspects: the number of papers, image data, and clinical tasks. The purpose is to summarize and analyze the research status and find new valuable research ideas in the future. The results show that the artificial intelligence model based on medical data such as digital imaging and pathological images is effective in completing basic diagnosis of urinary system tumors, image segmentation of tumor infiltration areas or specific organs, gene mutation prediction and prognostic effect prediction, but most of the models for the requirement of clinical application still need to be improved. On the one hand, it is necessary to further improve the detection, classification, segmentation and other performance of the core algorithm. On the other hand, it is necessary to integrate more standardized medical databases to effectively improve the diagnostic accuracy of artificial intelligence models and make it play greater clinical value.