Objective To explor the influence of the hospital-community-family mental rehabilitation mode on the quality of life of patients with schizophrenia. Methods We selected 101 patients diagnosed as schizophrenia according to ICD-10, who were hospitalized in mental health center of the West China Hospital and took part in rehabilitation voluntarily after discharge. Those patients were randomly assigned to two groups. Hospital-community-family mental rehabilitation mode intervention was applied to the patients based on inpatient rehabilitation in the trial group (n=52), while inpatient rehabilitation alone was applied in the control group (n=49). The total score of quality of life, psycho-social dimension, motivation and energy dimension, score of mental disability and social function, and family social care index were recorded. Then, statistical analysis was performed using SPSS 17.0 software. Results After 3 months and 6 months, the trial group had lower scores of the total score of quality of life, psycho-social domain, and motive and energy dimension than those of the control group (Plt;0.05). After 6 months, the trial group had lower scores of mental disability and social function (Plt;0.05) but a higher score of family social care index (Plt;0.05). The scores of WHO-DSA II and SQLS were positively correlated, while the scores of APGAR and SQLS were negatively correlated. Conclusion The integral mode of hospital-community-family mental rehabilitation effectively improves the quality of life of patients with schizophrenia, which also positively improves patients’ rehabilitation.
Objective To detect the contingent negative variation (CNV) in first episode deficit and non-deficit schizophrenia and the relationship between CNV and clinical symptoms. Methods Nihon Kohden evoked brain potentials machine were used to measure CNV in 60 patients with non-deficit schizophrenia (NDS), including 50 patients with deficit schizophrenia (DS) and 60 unrelated healthy controls (HC). Click-flashing paradigm was used to record the CNV and the differences among three groups were compared. The clinical status of patients with schizophrenia was determined using the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS). The overall functioning status was assessed using the Global Assessment of Functioning Scale (GAF). Partial correlations were computed to explore associations among the CNV in DS and the clinical data, controlling the sex, age, and education level. Results Compared to HC, both DS and NDS groups showed significantly reduced amplitude of B (F=27.38, P=0.00), significantly delayed reaction time (F=50.30, P=0.00). Compared to HC, the course of PINV in the DS group significantly shortened, while it was significantly delayed in the NDS group (F=15.32, P=0.00). Only in DS, when compared with that in HC, the latency of point A in CNV was delayed (F=61.01, P=0.00). There was no significant difference among three groups in both area of A-S2’ (F=2.34, P=0.10) and area of PINV (F=1.07, P=0.35). Amplitude of B and the course of PINV in the DS group correlated negatively with PANSS subscale of negative symptoms (r= –0.94, –0.89, respectively, Plt;0.05), whereas in the NDS group amplitude of B correlated negatively with PANSS subscale of positive symptoms (r= –0.87, Plt;0.05), but the course of PINV correlated positively with PANSS subscale of positive symptoms (r=0.88, Plt;0.05). Latency of point A in CNV, which was delayed in the DS group, correlated negatively with GAF (r= –0.48, Plt;0.05). Conclusion Generalized abnormalities of CNV existed in DS and NDS, while DS may cause more impairments in CNV than in NDS. The latency of point A in CNV may predict the social function outcomes of DS.
Objective To explore the effectiveness and safety of ziprasidone in the treatment of female patients with schizophrenia. Methods A before-after study design with prospective consecutive data collection was adopted. From June 2006 to May 2007, 30 female patients with schizophrenia discharged from the Second Veterans Hospital of Shanxi Province were included. Ziprasidone 60-120 mg/d was orally administered for 6 weeks. Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) and Treatment Emergent Symptom Scale (TESS) were measured before the treatment and at the end of Week 2, 4 and 6 after the treatment, respectively.Results At Week 6, the significant improvement rate and the total improvement rate were 86.67% and 93.33%, respectively; the incidence of side effects was 86.67%. Conclusion Ziprasidone is safe and effective in the treatment of schizophrenia. Since it will not increase body weight or the level of prolactin, it can be especially applied to female schizophrenic patients.
ObjectiveTo explore family care and its influence on the life quality of schizophrenia patients. MethodsBetween September 2011 and March 2012, 101 schizophrenia patients were investigated with Questionnaire of Family Care and Quality of Life Inventory and were divided into two groups in order to compare their life quality. According to the scores of Questionnaire of Family Care, 56 subjects were in support group and 45 subjects were in control group. ResultsAmong the 101 patients, 55.45% had good family care and 44.55% had not. In the support group, there was no significant correlation between family care and life quality in the first month and the third month (r=0.023, P=0.894; r=-0.072, P=0.587), while there was a significant correlation between family care and life quality in the sixth month (r=-0.322, P=0.032). In the control group, there was no significant differences in the score of family care and life quality in the first, third and sixth month (r=0.021, P=0.893; r=0.114, P=0.482; r=1.863, P=0.226). ConclusionLong-term family care is significantly correlated with the life quality of schizophrenia patients. If schizophrenic patients get more poor family care, they will have lower life quality. It's important to create a good and comfortable environment for the patients.
ObjectiveTo investigate the incidence of nosocomial infection in acute and serious schizophrenic inpatients and its risk factors. MethodsBetween January 1st and December 31st, 2012, we investigated 1 621 schizophrenic patients on the status of nosocomial infections according to the hospital standard of nosocomial infection diagnosis. They were divided into infected group and uninfected group according to the survey results. The risk factors were analyzed by logistic regression method. ResultsTwenty-nine infected patients were found among the 1 621 patients, and the incidence rate was 1.79%. Among the nosocomial infections, the most common one was respiratory infection (79.31%), followed by gastrointestinal infection and urinary infection (6.90%). There were significant differences between the two groups of patients in age, hospital stay, positive and negative syndrome scale (PASS), combined somatopathy, the time of protective constraint, modified electraconvulsive therapy (MECT), using two or more antipsychotics drugs, using antibiotics and side effects of drugs (P<0.05). However, there were no statistical differences in gender, age classes, the course of disease, frequency of hospitalization and seasonal incidence of hospital infection (P>0.05). The results of multivariate analysis showed that hospital stay, positive symptom score, negative symptom score, the time of protective constraint, MECT, using two or more antipsychotics drugs and side effects of drugs were the main risk factors for nosocomial infection of inpatients with psychopathy (P<0.05). ConclusionBased on the different traits and treatments of acute and serious schizophrenia, a screening table of infections should be set. For the high risk group of nosocomial infection, effective measures should be taken to prevent and control the nosocomial infection of patients with schizophrenia.
ObjectiveTo compare social function of schizophrenic patients of different marriage status and breeding status. MethodsA total of 218 people diagnosed to have schizophrenia between June and December 2013 were investigated. The research instruments included General Status Questionnaire and Social Disability Screening Scale. ResultsMen had no significant difference in social deficit from women (P>0.05). At the onset of the disease, married male patients were better than single male ones in terms of social function retreating and family function (P<0.05); married female patients were better in all aspects of social function than single female ones (P<0.05); male patients with children were better in family function than those without children (P<0.05); female patients without children had much worse social dysfunction than those with children except in the area of activity outside the family (P<0.05); male patients without children had more obvious social dysfunction than those with children except in such areas as little activity within the family, personal care, external interests and concern (P<0.05); single female patients had worse social dysfunction than married ones at present (P<0.05). ConclusionMarried schizophrenic patients with children have better social function.
ObjectiveTo explore the effects of drug management skill training on lightening the family burden of schizophrenic patients in their recovery period. MethodsBetween December 2011 and December 2013, 101 patients with schizophrenia were randomly divided into experimental group (n=56) and control group (n=45). The experimental group was given drug management skill training, while the control group only received routine follow-up. The course of the research was six months. Both groups were assessed by the positive and negative syndrome scale on patients' psychological symptoms, and family burden scale of diseases was used to assess the burden of the family. ResultsCompared with the controls, patients in the experimental group improved more in their positive symptoms (t=2.692, P=0.008), negative symptoms (t=2.729, P=0.008), general psychopathology symptoms (t=3.231, P=0.002) and the whole psychiatric symptoms (t=3.870, P<0.001). Moreover, the degree of patients' symptom improvement was positively correlated with the degree of family burden lightening (r=0.44, P<0.001). ConclusionFor patients with schizophrenia, reasonable drug management skill training can effectively improve patients' medication compliance, promote treatment effect and lighten family burden.
Objective To investigate the difference in first onset age, family history and medication compliance between male and female patients with schizophrenia in communities. Methods We used self-designed questionnaire to survey and analyze 372 cases of schizophrenia between June to August 2014. Results There were no significant differences between male and female schizophrenic patients in the family history, personality before the disease, education level, age, and the onset type and disease course (P > 0.05). The first onset age of male patients [(24.92±8.22) years] was significantly earlier than female patients [(27.02±11.28) years] and the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05). The number of unmarried male patients (115, 58.97%) was significantly more than unmarried females (81, 45.76%) and the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05). The full medication compliance rate of female patients (127, 71.75%) was significantly better than that of male patients (115, 58.97%) (P < 0.05). Conclusion The first onset age, marital status and medication compliance are significantly different between the two genders of patients with schizophrenia, which indicates that prevention, treatment and recovery measures for male and female patients should be differentiated.
ObjectiveTo explore the influence factors of therapeutic compliance and emotional expression of first-degree relatives in acute schizophrenic patients with psychotic symptoms. MethodsThe Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS) was used to measure the severity of psychotic symptoms in sixty schizophrenic patients from June to September 2014 in West China Hospital and the Toronto Alexithymia Scale (TAS) was used to survey the emotional expression in their family members. The homemade treatment adherence scale was used to survey the treatment adherence in patients for one week. ResultsThere was a poor therapeutic compliance in nineteen patients with acute schizophrenia (32%) and the other 41(68%) had good therapeutic compliance; the relatives of schizophrenic patients had high TAS scores (male: 67.61±10.03; female: 69.68±11.46) than the normal models did (P ＜ 0.05) . The differences between the patients with different therapeutic compliance in BPRS total score, reactivator, hostile and suspicion factor (P ＜ 0.05) . The therapeutic compliance was related to the severity of the psychotic symptoms (P ＜ 0.05) . Conclusions There is a bad emotional expression in the relatives of acute schizophrenic patients. The psychotic symptoms can influence the therapeutic compliance. The milder the psychotic symptoms, the better the therapeutic dependence.
Objective To probe into the influence of hospital-community seamless recovery mode on quality of life in schizophrenia patients. Methods Fifty-six patients with stable condition discharged from hospital in 2011 were recruited. All the patients accepted hospital-community seamless recovery mode based on rehabilitation inside the hospital. Personal and social performance scale (PSP) and family APGAR (adaptability, partnership, growth, affection, resolve) index were used to evaluate the change of social function and family APGAR index at the beginning of the study, 3 months and 6 months after this research. All the data were analyzed by SPSS 16.0 software. Results Scores of APGAR scale and PSP scale of patients 3 months and 6 months after rehabilitation training were significantly higher than those before the training (P<0.05). APGAR scale and PSP scale had positive correlation. As APGAR score increased, PSP score also increased (P<0.05). Conclusion Hospital-community seamless recovery mode can improve the quality of life and promote rehabilitation positively in patients with schizophrenia.