Objective To investigate the extent intravenously transplantation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) mediated by magnetic targeting material arrive in the myocardial infarction region and its effects on the recovery of myocardial infarction. Methods Identify the phenotype of the fourth genet of ex vivo expanded MSCs, stain with DAPI after inducing with 10μmol/L 5-aza, then preserve the MSCs for transplantation. 28 SD rats were divided into three groups: group A (n=10), delivered MSCs combined with magnetic targeting material for 30 minutes to rats through tail vein,and kept on raising after placing magnets on the corresponding skin region to myocardial infarction area for 30min; group B (n=9), administration MSCs not conjuncted with magnetic targeting material through tail vein; group C (n=9), direct intramyocardial transplantation of MSCs. Two days after transplantation, evaluate the aggregation state of MSCs in the area of myocardial infarction; 30d later, estimate the functional and morphological changes in myocardial infarction region. Results We observed that each MSCs had 3-5 molecules of magnetic targeting material attached to its membrane under transmission electron microscope. The homing rates of MSCs respectively were group A 38%, group B 6%, group C 53%.The number of aggregating MSCs of group A and group C was apparently more than that of group B（Plt;0.01）. After transplantation, the contraction indices of left ventricle in group A and group C had significant improvement as compared with that of pretransplantation (LVEF 46%±6% vs. 38%±8%, 51%±5% vs. 35%±4%; LVFS 28%±6% vs. 20%±7%, 32%±4% vs. 20%±5%, Plt;0.05) and administrated cells stained with DAPI could be detected in infarction region under optical microscope. After transplantation, the contraction indices of left ventricle in group B hadn’t conspicuous improvement, and the transplanted cells labeled with DAPI could not be identified in infarction region under optical microscope (homing rate of MSCs 38%). There was no statistically difference of results between group A and group C, but in experiment process, there was a high mortality in group C. Conclusion The method that intravenously delivery of MSCs mediated by magnetic targeting material could accumulate much more MSCs in infarction region, reduce infarction size, and effectively improve the cardiac function after infarction.
Objective To review the research progress of the treatment of osteosarcoma, and to thoroughly understand its current state of research and prospect so as to lay a sol id foundation for the cl inical treatment. Methods The cl inical and experimental research l iteratures about treatment of osteosarcoma were extensively reviewed and analyzed. Results The present treatment of osteosarcoma is still need to comprehensive therapy which combine chemotherapy and surgical treatment. There are some progresses in gene therapy and molecular targeting therapy which can improve survival rate. Furthermore, well-designed studies and cl inical trials are needed to evaluate the potential therapeutic impact before they are used in cl inical. Conclusion Advancement in chemotherapeutic regimens has improved survival and l imb-sparing surgery in the treatment of osteosarcoma, but the progress of gene therapy and molecular targeting therapy gives new hope for osteosarcoma patients.
ObjectiveTo investigate the lymphatic targeting of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) carbon nanoparticles in rats. Methods5-FU concentration in lymphoid tissue of rats was determined by reversed phase high performance liquid chromatography after intraperitoneal injection of 5-FU carbon nanoparticle and 5-FU ordinary form (20 mg/kg body weight). Results5-FU concentration of lymphoid tissue in the 5-FU carbon nanoparticle group was higher than that in the 5-FU ordinary form group, and could sustain a longer time. Conclusion5-FU carbon nanoparticles injection can improve the drug concentration of target lymphatic organs, also has a good lymphatic targeting
Clustered regularly interspersed short palindromic repeats/Cas system is a powerful genome-editing tool for efficient and precise genome engineering both in vitro and in vivo, with the advantages of easy, convenient and low cost. This technology makes it possible to simultaneously mutate multiple genes in a single fertilized egg, thus to study the gene expression, genetic interaction and gene function. Even though this method is still in its immature stage and its stability is inconclusive, making precision models of ocular diseases through genome editing may provide a positive effect to explore gene targeted therapy in genetic eye disease.
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common cancers worldwide, with insidious onset, insensitive to chemotherapy and poor prognosis, which make its clinical treatment face an enormous challenge. In recent years, with the rapid development of nanotechnology, increasing kinds of nanomedicine come to the forefront in biomedical fields. Through rational design, nanomedicine can be prepared in suitable size and modified with specific liver targeting ligands. Moreover, various therapeutic agents of different mechanisms can be co-loaded into the same nanosystem, thus achieving the synergistic therapeutic effects towards HCC. Nanomedicine is able to enhance drug bioavailability and liver-targeting effect as well as reduce the side effects to normal tissues, which provide a great potential in HCC therapy. This review summarizes the recent progress in the application of nanomedicine for HCC therapy from two aspects: their liver-targeting design strategies and the recent progress in combination therapy of HCC.
ObjectiveTo isolate cancer stem cells (CST) from human breast cancer cell line (MCF-7) and study their sensitivity toward oxidative stress.MethodsMCF-7 cells were cultured in serum-free suspension culture medium to identify cells forming the sphere phenotype. The morphological changes of MCF-7 cells were observed by inverted phase contrast microscope (compared with MCF-7 cells cultured in serum-free suspension culture medium). The expression of CST marker CD133 was detected by immunocytochemical staining in CST cell spheres (experimental group) with a diameter of 100 μm and MCF-7 cells (control group) with a fusion degree of 70%. The positive rate of CD133 was detected by flow cytometry in the third generation of tumor cells with diameter of 150 μm. The second generation of tumor globular cells (experimental group) with diameter of 150 μm and corresponding MCF-7 cells (control group) were taken to be damaged by 50 mol/L H2O2 for 120 minutes. The expression of DNA damage marker histone H2AX phosphorylation (γH2AX) was detected by immunocytochemical staining.ResultsInverted phase contrast microscopy showed that MCF-7 cells grew initially in a single-cell adherent state, then aggregated and grew in serum-free suspension culture medium, and finally formed CST cell spheres, while the control MCF-7 cells cultured in MCF-7 cell culture medium grew extensively and could not grow in suspension. Fluorescence microscopy showed that the expression of CD133 in MCF-7 cells of control group was negative, while that in experimental group was positive. Flow cytometry showed that CD133 was positive in CST cells, and the positive rate was 92%. Inverted fluorescence microscopy showed that the expression of γH2AX in CST tumor spheres of experimental group was significantly lower than that in MCF-7 cells of control group after 120 minutes of H2O2 injury.ConclusionSerum-free suspension culture medium can produce globular CST cells from MCF-7 tumor cell line, which have strong antioxidant damage.
Liposome is an ideal drug carrier with many advantages such as excellent biocompatibility, non-immunogenicity, and easy functionalization, and has been used for the clinical treatment of many diseases including tumors. For the treatment of tumors, liposome has some passive targeting capability, but the passive targeting effect alone is very limited in improving the drug enrichment in tumor tissues, and active targeting is an effective strategy to improve the drug enrichment. Therefore, active targeting liposome drug-carriers have been extensively studied for decades. In this paper, we review the research progresses on active targeting liposome drug-carriers based on the specific binding of the carriers to the surface of tumor cells, and summarize the opportunities, challenges and future prospects in this field.
Retinoblastoma (RB), the most common primary intraocular malignancy in infants and young children, poses a serious threat to visual function and the life of children when systemic metastasis occurs. Circular RNA (circRNA) is a recently discovered class of non-coding RNA that mainly functions as competitive endogenous RNA by regulating gene expression through competing with microRNA. circRNA can function as oncogenes or tumor suppressors, regulating various biological processes in RB cells, such as proliferation, migration, apoptosis, autophagy, and drug resistance, thereby providing new therapeutic targets for RB. In addition, the differential expression of circRNA in tumor tissues or exosomes is expected to be a potential biomarker for RB. Further studies and explorations are still needed for the functions and regulatory mechanisms of circRNA in RB to reveal their precise roles in organisms and potential clinical applications.