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find Author "唐时元" 13 results
  • 早期干预对缓解急诊危重患者心理危机

    【摘要】 目的 通过对急诊重症监护室(emergency intensive care unit,EICU)患者心理干预对照试验,总结早期心理干预在急诊临床中的意义。 方法 将2009年10月-2010年10月入住急诊EICU的46例患者,根据就诊单双号顺序分为对照组和试验组,每组23例。对照组按整体护理常规进行,试验组在常规护理基础上加行心理干预,通过测量两组患者干预前后的焦虑评分值,判断心理干预的效果。 结果 患者入住EICU时试验组、对照组焦虑量表基线评分分别为(19.35±5.83)、(19.69±6.03)分,两组差异无统计学意义(t=0.066,P=0.948);24 h后评分,试验组、对照组评分分别为(12.00±7.18)、(28.91±9.18)分,两组比较,差异有统计学意义(t=6.959,P=0.000)。试验组的焦虑评分较入EICU评分差异有统计学意义(Plt;0.001);对照组焦虑评分较入EICU时升高,差异有统计学意义(Plt;0.001)。 结论 早期干预对缓解急诊危重患者心理危机有一定帮助。

    Release date:2016-09-08 09:26 Export PDF Favorites Scan
  • Multivariate Survival Analysis of Early Death Prognosis of Acute Myocardial Infarction

    ObjectiveTo evaluate the prognosis factors for early death (within 60 days) of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) patients for early identification and prevention of the disease. MethodsWe analyzed the information of AML patients who were admitted to the emergency department between May 2009 and July 2010, and analyzed their clinical data, such as gender, age, prehospital time, myocardial enzyme, electrocardiogram, complications, whether the patients had thrombolysis therapy, time of thrombolysis, end point observation and time of death, ect. Cox multivariate survival analysis was performed with the use of SPSS 18.0 software. ResultsSeventy-one cases were collected with one of them excluded for fragmented data. After analysing, we found that patients' age and isoenzymes of creatine kinase (CK-MB) level were prognosis factors for early death. Further analysis showed that the relative risk (RR) of age was 1.166 (P=0.023), and the RR of CK-MB was 1.001 (P=0.004). ConclusionPatients' age has predictive value for early death of AML. More attention should be paid to AML patients with advanced age. Detecting myocardial enzymes levels, especially the CK-MB level, is significant for predicting early death. Other indicators need to be further explored due to the possible limitation of our study.

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  • Experience of Sonography Guided Freka Trelumina Placement in Patients with Severely Impaired Gastric Emptying by Stylet Displacement

    ObjectiveTo assess the clinical efficacy of sonography guided Freka Trelumina placement by stylet displacement in patients with severely impaired gastric emptying. MethodsTwenty-two patients with severely impaired gastric emptying monitored in the Intensive Care Unit from January 8 to May 18, 2016 were chosen to be our study subjects. Freka Trelumina was placed under ultrasonic guidance, and the guide wire displacement was used to determine the location of the catheter. We recorded whether the patient had an intra-gastric injection of warm water, the manual pushing times before the catheter passed through the pylorus, whether the operation succeeded, the time spent on guiding the placement, and the catheter depth. The pros and cons of the method in clinical use, and whether fasting state helped reduce the operating time were analyzed. ResultsAmong the 22 patients, 20 had a successful Freka Trelumina placement, and the success rate was 91%. The number of manual pushing before the catheter passed through the pylorus was 1 in 4 cases (20%), 2 in 5 (25%), and equal to or more than 3 in 11 cases (55%). The catheter could be seen in the third part of duodenum only in 9 cases (45%). The mean placement procedure lasted (20.35±12.93) minutes for the successful cases. The time spent in the 11 patients with empty stomach was (15.00±9.87) minutes, less than (26.89±14.45) minutes in those 9 post prandial patients (P<0.05). ConclusionsWith stylet displacement to determine the location of the catheter, sonography guided Freka Trelumina placement has a high success rate. Ultrasonic guidance facilitates the insertion of the tubes in critically ill patients. For patients with empty stomach, it may help reduce the operating time.

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  • Diagnostic Value of Procalcitoninfor Tuberculous Pleural Effusion: A Meta-Analysis

    ObjectiveTo systematically review the diagnostic value of procalcitonin (PCT) for tuberculous pleural effusion. MethodsWe electronically searched CNKI, WanFang Data, VIP, CBM, PubMed, The Cochrane Library and EMbase from inception to April, 2013, to collect the literature about the diagnostic value of PCT for tuberculous pleural effusion compared with gold standard (positive outcomes of mycobacterium tuberculosis culture). Two reviewers screened literature according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, extracted data, and assessed the quality of included studies. MetaDiSc 1.4 were used to conduct the meta-analysis. ResultsEight studies were finally included. The results of meta-analysis showed the pooled sensitivity and specificity were 0.63 (95%CI 0.58 to 0.68) and 0.76 (95%CI 0.70 to 0.81), respectively. The positive likelihood ratio and negative likelihood ratio were 2.72 (95%CI 1.48 to 5.02) and 0.49 (95%CI 0.29 to 0.82), respectively. The diagnostic odds ratio (DOR) was 5.77 (95%CI 1.89 to 17.58). And the SROC AUC was 0.79. Heterogeneity was mainly derived from the QUADAS score and Begg's test showed there was no presence of publication bias. ConclusionPCT is a potential marker in the diagnosis of benign and tuberculous pleural effusion, which can be used to determine diagnosis identification of tuberculous pleural effusion.

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  • Application status and prospect of artificial intelligence in emergency medicine

    With the innovation and breakthrough of key technologies in smart medicine, actively exploring smart emergency measures and methods with artificial intelligence as the core technology is helpful to improve the ability of emergency medical team to diagnose and treat acute and critical diseases. This paper reviews the application status of artificial intelligence in pre-hospital and in-hospital diagnosis and treatment capabilities and system construction, expounds on the challenges it faces and possible coping strategies, and provides a reference for the in-depth integration and development of “artificial intelligence + emergency medicine” education, research and production during the new wave of scientific and technological revolution.

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  • Investigation on the Present Situation of Emergency Physicians' Communicational Skills and Assessment of the Training Effect

    ObjectiveTo discuss the present situation of emergency physicians' communicational ability and the intervention measures. MethodsWe investigated 66 students who participated in continuing medical education of "emergency physicians' communication skills training course" from 2010 to 2013. All students accepted systematic training. After the training, we did the investigation again, and then made a comparison before and after the training. ResultsA major 78.8% of the students in this training had never taken part in the training of communication skills before; 51.5% of the students thought that the improvement of communication ability could be achieved mainly through long-term accumulation of clinical experiences. Students' self-evaluation showed that communication problem occurred 2 times a year in 10.6% of them, 3 times in 22.7%, 4 times in 24.2%, and five or more times in 34.8%. Students' role playing score in the scenario training rose from 5.374±0.686 to 6.717±0.517 after the training, and the difference was statistically significant (P=0.024). ConclusionEmergency physicians lack knowledge of communication skills which needs to be improved. Through training, the skills can be improved significantly.

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  • Triage Algorithm Analysis of 2621 Patients 3 Weeks after Wenchuan Earthquake

    Objective According to characteristics of the wounded, we discussed the key points of Triage Algorithm during the large scale disasters occurring. It will provide some suggestion for establ ishment the triage process, matching with reasonable medical resources on time and making medical care promotion. Method Analysis the data of patients sent to emergency department of West China Hospital in different periods after temblor, and make conclusion on alternation of the triage process. Result A total of 2621 wounded people have been treated in West China Hospital three weeks after earthquake. The severity of patients in a seimic disaster sent to hospital changed as time went on. The percentage of skin and soft tissue injuries and l imbs fractures is 45%. The percentage of crush injury is 4.3%. There are five cases of gas gangrene and none of hospital cross-infection. Conclusion Triage the victims after earthquake dynamically increases the survival rate and decreases the mortal ity and overtriage rate, the key process of triage systems should be modified dynamically with characters alternation of the victims after China Wenchuan earthquake, the rescue level and effect can be made progress.

    Release date:2016-09-07 02:13 Export PDF Favorites Scan
  • Value of Procalcitonin and C-reaction Protein in Predicting the Prognosis of Transferred Patients with Pneumonia Combined with Sepsis

    目的 探讨血清降钙素原(PCT)、C反应蛋白(CRP)与急性生理及慢性健康评分标准Ⅱ(APACHE Ⅱ)评分在转诊肺炎合并脓毒症患者诊断中的相关性,以寻找更为简洁、快速判断其病情严重程度的指标。 方法 2009年1月-2010年12月,选取178例转诊肺炎合并脓毒症患者并进行脓毒症分级,对其进行血清PCT和CRP测定,并与APACHE Ⅱ评分及预后进行相关性分析。 结果 严重脓毒症组及脓毒性休克组患者血清PCT、CRP水平与APACHE Ⅱ评分较全身炎症反应综合征组及脓毒症组高(P<0.05);30 d内死亡的患者其血清PCT、CRP水平及APACHEⅡ评分较存活组明显增高(P<0.05);转诊肺炎合并脓毒症患者血清PCT与APACHE Ⅱ评分呈正相关(r=0.683,P=0.023),与血清CRP水平呈较弱的正相关(r=0.272,P=0.037)。 结论 对转院肺炎合并脓毒症患者进行血清PCT和CRP测定,对病情评估具有一定临床价值,特别是PCT可作为对转诊肺炎合并脓毒症患者病情程度判断的重要指标,为早期干预及治疗提供依据,值得临床推广应用。

    Release date:2016-09-07 02:38 Export PDF Favorites Scan
  • 汶川大地震后1周内伤员特点分析(附1216例报道)

    目的:了解地震后1周内地震伤伤员的特点。方法:询问地震后1周内就诊的伤员性别、年龄、来诊时间和方式、进行伤情判断并应用损伤严重程度计分法(injury severity score,ISS)进行评分,统计入院率,抢救成功率。结果:受伤人员以7~18岁年龄段最多;平均每小时来院(7.90±11.75)人,震后53 h、54 h形成2个来诊高峰,每小时来院人数分别为70人、58人,地震36 h后夜班伤员来院明显减少,第3天来院人数最多,为328人;四肢伤员最多,为565例,占46%;地震后第2天来院的伤员ISS评分最高,为(10.24±5.79)分;急诊科停留时间平均为(97.47±12.56) min,入院率为57.81%,抢救成功率为99.8%。结论:地震发生后第2天来院的伤员最重,第3天来院人数最多,36 h后每天夜班伤员人数明显减少。

    Release date:2016-09-08 10:01 Export PDF Favorites Scan
  • Construction and empirical test of shunt safety evaluation model for patients in emergency intensive care unit

    Objective To explore factors affecting the shunt safety of patients in emergency intensive care unit (EICU), construct a shunt safety evaluation model, and evaluate its prediction effectiveness, so as to provide a theoretical basis for the decision-making of shunt safety in EICU. Methods The demographic data, vital signs, laboratory examinations and other indicators of patients transferred to the general ward from the EICU of West China Hospital of Sichuan University from 0:00 on August 1, 2019 to 23:59 on May 31, 2021 were collected and analyzed. The short-term poor prognosis after being transferred out of the EICU was regarded as the end-point event. Of the patients, 70% were randomly selected as the model construction cohort, and 30% were the model validation cohort. In the model construction cohort, multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to screen the influencing factors affecting shunt safety, and the shunt safety evaluation model of patients in EICU was constructed. In the validation cohort, receiver operating characteristic curve was used to evaluate the effectiveness of the model in evaluating the shunt safety of patients in EICU. Results A total of 582 patients were included, of whom 59 patients (10.1%) had a poor short-term prognosis. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the patients’ respiratory rate when leaving the EICU [odds ratio (OR)=0.863, 95% confidence interval (CI) (0.794, 0.938), P=0.001], Glasgow Coma Scale scores [OR=1.575, 95%CI (1.348, 1.841), P<0.001], albumin [OR=1.137, 95%CI (1.008, 1.282), P=0.036], prothrombin time [OR=0.956, 95%CI (0.914, 1.000), P=0.048] were the influencing factors of shunt safety. Based on the above indicators, a shunt safety evaluation model for patients in EICU was created. The area under the curve for the shunt safety assessment model to predict poor short-term prognosis was 0.815, the best cut-off value was 4 points, the sensitivity was 93.3%, and the specificity was 61.5%. Conclusions The patients’ respiratory rate when leaving EICU, Glasgow Coma Scale scores, albumin and prothrombin time are factors affecting the shunt safety for patients in EICU. The shunt safety assessment model can better predict the short-term poor prognosis of patients transferred from EICU to general ward.

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