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find Author "张跃康" 11 results
  • Facial Nerve Reservation in Large Acoustic Neuroma Surgery

    目的:探讨和分析巨大听神经瘤手术面神经保留技术。方法:在面神经监护的条件下,57例巨大听神经瘤病人,采用枕下乙状窦后入路,显微外科切除肿瘤。术中观察肿瘤与面神经的病理解剖关系,术后随访时间6个月至5年。结果:肿瘤全切除54例(94.7%),次全切3例(5.3%)。面神经解剖完整保留52例(91%),面神经解剖部分保留5例(9%)。结论:在有效的术中面神经功能监测条件下,出色的显微外科技术以及对面神经解剖关系的充分认识是面神经解剖保留的基础。识别不与肿瘤粘连的面神经脑干端或内听道端,再沿面神经锐性分离肿瘤,是面神经解剖保留的技术关键。

    Release date:2016-09-08 10:14 Export PDF Favorites Scan
  • 脑干胶质瘤的干细胞研究进展

    脑干胶质瘤是威胁人类健康的重要疾病,尤其是弥漫内生性桥脑胶质瘤,对儿童的影响更是致命性的。脑干胶质瘤占儿童后颅窝肿瘤的30%,而弥漫内生性桥脑胶质瘤占儿童脑肿瘤15%左右。后者其中位生存时间几乎不超过1年。由于过去在其生物学特性等方面研究欠缺导致此类肿瘤的治疗几乎无实质性进展。但随着近年脑干胶质瘤干细胞及其相关信号通路、细胞因子等方面的基础研究兴起,治疗方面取得了一定的成绩。在此,我们将就近几年在弥漫内生性桥脑胶质瘤基础方面的研究进展作相关综述及讨论。

    Release date:2016-09-07 02:34 Export PDF Favorites Scan
  • Clinical Analysis of Medulla Oblongata Tumor

    目的 探讨延髓肿瘤的治疗策略,以达到最佳预后。 方法 回顾分析2007年1月-2010年12月19例延髓肿瘤患者的临床资料,其中18例经外科手术治疗和病理证实,1例通过影像学确诊。 结果 12例血管网状细胞瘤中,11例手术全切,1例手术次全切;2例室管膜瘤均手术全切;2例海绵状血管瘤分别手术全切及伽马刀治疗;3例胶质瘤均手术部分切除。18例手术治疗患者术后神经功能障碍明显好转者13例,无明显变化者3例,2例因术后严重并发症死亡;1例伽马刀治疗患者症状好转。术后随访6~48个月,平均24个月。11例恢复工作,4例生活可自理,2例因肿瘤复发死亡。结论 术前通过MRI检查、术中神经电生理监测及熟练的显微外科技术是外科治疗优势,伽马刀治疗延髓较小肿瘤有着损伤小的优点,因此制定合理的治疗策略有利于提高患者生存质量。

    Release date:2016-09-08 09:16 Export PDF Favorites Scan
  • Preservation of the Facial Nerve during Acoustic Neuronoma Excision and Investigation of the Anatomical Location and Shape of Facial Nerve

    ObjectiveTo study the anatomicopathological relation between facial nerve (FN) and acoustic neuronoma (AN) and summarize the techniques of how to protect facial nerves in microsurgery. MethodsA retrospective analysis of 585 patients with acoustic neuronmas treated by microsurgery for the first time between January 2007 and March 2012 was carried out. Anatomicopathological relation between FN and AN and protection of the facial nerve were described. ResultsThe tumors were totally removed microsurgically in 552 patients, and the total removal rate was 94.4%. Subtotal removal was performed in 33 patients. Facial nerve was anatomically preserved in 558 cases, and the rate of facial nerve preservation was 95.4%. After one-year follow-up, 549 patients had House-Brackmann Ⅰ-Ⅳ function. The location and shape of the FN along the tumor was identified as the follows: FN displaced along the ventral and superior surface of the tumor in 279 patients (47.7%), the ventral and central in 243 (41.5%), the ventral and inferior in 33 (5.6%), the dorsal in 10, the superior pole in 6, the inferior pole in 3, and FN surrounded in 11. ConclusionGood understanding of the meaning of anatomicopathological relation between FN and AN, intraoperative monitoring and perfect microneurosurgical skills are important in achieving the goal of total resection of acoustic neuromas and anatomic reservation of the facial nerve.

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  • MICROSURGICAL TREATMENT AND FACIAL NERVE PRESERVATION IN 400 CASES OF GIANT ACOUSTIC NEUROMAS

    ObjectiveTo analyse the microsurgical treatment and facial nerve preservation of giant acoustic neuromas. MethodsUnder the conditions of facial nerve monitoring, 400 patients with giant acoustic neuromas underwent microsurgical removal via suboccipital retrosigmoid approach between January 2005 and January 2013. There were 186 males and 214 females, with the age ranged from 15 to 74 years (mean, 41.6 years). The disease duration was 2-13 years (mean, 2.4 years). The lesions were located at the left cerebellopontine angle region (CPA) in 191 cases, right CPA in 200 cases, bilateral CPA in 9 cases. The clinical manifestations included unilateral hearing loss and tinnitus as first symptoms in 389 cases, facial numbness in 373 cases, unilateral facial paralysis in 370 cases, headache in 269 cases, lower cranial nerve symptoms with drinking cough and dysphagia in 317 cases, and unstable gait in 342 cases. Preoperative skull base thin layer CT showed varying degrees of horn-like expansion in ipsilateral internal auditory canal opening. MRI showed cysts in 78 cases and solid masses in 322 cases; with hydrocephalus in 269 cases. Postoperative cranial MRI or CT was taken to observe the extent of tumor resection. The preservation of facial nerves in anatomy was assessed by intraoperative microscope video and electrophysiological monitoring; the facial nerves function was assessed according to House-Brackmann (HB) classification on the first day after operation; and the rehabilitation of facial nerve function was also assessed at discharge and at 1 year postoperatively by using HB grade. ResultsTotal tumor removal was achieved in 372 cases (93.00%), and subtotal removal in 28 cases (7.00%). One case died of delayed brainstem ischemia at 14 days after operation, and 1 case died of lung infection at 20 days after operation; 398 cases were followed up 6 months to 8 years (mean, 3.5 years). Recurrence occurred in 1 case because of neurofibromatosis at 5 years after operation. The rate of anatomical preservation of the facial nerve during operation was 91.75% (367/400), and the functional preservation rate at the first day after operation was 62.75% (251/400). The HB grade of facial nerve function showed significant difference aomng 3 time points (at the first day, at discharge and at 1 year after operation) (χ2=23.432, P=0.000). Complications included postoperative intracranial infection in 11 cases (2.75%), cerebrospinal fluid leakage in 29 cases (7.25%), aggravated lower cranial nerve symptoms in 18 cases (4.50%), subcutaneous effusion in 13 cases (3.25%), second operation to remove hematoma in 9 cases (2.25%), postoperative circumoral herpes simplex virus infection in 25 cases (6.25%), and all complications were cured after symptomatic treatment. Postoperative hydrocephalus disappeared in 261 cases. ConclusionSurgical operation is the first choice in the treatment of giant acoustic neuromas. Under the auxiliary of neural electrophysiological monitoring, the microsurgery operation via suboccipital retrosigmoid approach for giant acoustic neuromas has extremely low mortality and high preservation rate of facial nerve function.

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  • Analysis on the Neurologic Surgery Specialist Training Program in Mayo Clinic and Its Enlightenment

    In recent years, the system of standardized resident training has been set up and improved gradually in our country.However, the medical specialist training system for neurosurgeons is still at the stage of exploration.It is important to cultivate and select the best neurologic surgery specialists in China.Mayo Clinic is one of the best teaching hospitals in the United States, which has been ranking the second in the United States for the recent 20 years.Analyzing the neurologic surgery specialist training program of the world's top hospital and learning from its advanced experiences are beneficial for the establishment of medical specialist training system and the production of the highest caliber neurosurgeons in the Department of Neurosurgery in West China Hospital of Sichuan University.The Department of Neurosurgery in West China Hospital of Sichuan University is advantageous in its advanced technology and equipment, sufficient operations, rich teaching resources and independent laboratories.Our goal is to establish strict accessing, management and assessment system, perfecting security and feedback system, focusing on the cultivation of humanistic spirit, building neurosurgery specialist personnel, and establishing a unique brand of West China in the field of teaching.

    Release date:2016-12-27 11:09 Export PDF Favorites Scan
  • 弥漫性脑干胶质瘤研究现状

    弥漫性脑干胶质瘤(DIPG)占儿童中枢神经系统肿瘤的10%~15%,尽管经过国内外学者几十年的不断努力,但这种疾病一经诊断其病死率仍为100%。由于脑干内布满重要神经核团和纤维,周围血管众多,且脑干胶质瘤呈浸润性生长,所以手术不能给患者带来好处,往往可能加重神经废损。越来越多的化学疗法(化疗)同样被证实对提高DIPG的预后并无帮助,其中包括常规用于幕上胶质瘤的标准化疗药物替莫唑胺。目前国际认可的标准治疗方案是传统的放射治疗,但治疗效果也仅限于暂时缓解症状。最新的研究利用全基因测序将DIPG细分为3种分子亚型(H3-K27M、silent、MYCN),使人们在认识该疾病上又有了更进一步提高。

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  • The effect of full-time teaching position in clinician education

    As the intensity of clinical and research work is high, teaching is gradually paid less attention to and the quality of education cannot be ensured. In this context, a full-time teaching position is set up in West China Hospital which is taken responsibility by qualified clinicians, to improve the teaching quality by strict management and omni-directional teaching. We introduce the setting and running of the full-time teaching position in West China Hospital in this paper.

    Release date:2017-09-15 11:24 Export PDF Favorites Scan
  • 骑跨于颈静脉孔区颅内外沟通型孤立性纤维瘤一例

    【摘要】 目的 总结分析颅内外沟通型孤立性纤维瘤的临床、影像学特点,生物学行为及手术治疗。 方法 2008年11月对1例患者进行CT、MRI查示病变部位,采用全麻下枕下远外侧联合乙状窦前入路,将肿瘤边界充分游离后予以全部切除。 结果 临床症状与肿瘤位置、大小密切相关,手术切除病变后疗效满意。 结论 颅内外沟通型孤立性纤维瘤颅内部分更好发于前中颅窝,中年女性较为常见,完全切除病变是治疗的最佳方案,应做长期密切随访。

    Release date:2016-09-08 09:51 Export PDF Favorites Scan
  • MRI manifestations of intracranial solitary fibrous tumor

    Objective To study the MRI features of intracranial solitary fibrous tumor (ISFT). Methods MRI features of 8 patients with ISFT treated between December 2010 and December 2015 were retrospectively analyzed and relavent literatures about its neuroimaging were reviewed. Results All the 8 cases were single solitary fibrous tumor (SFT), among which 4 arose from and beneath the tentorium, 2 in the left cerebellopontine angle, 1 in jugular foramen region and 1 in saddle area. All tumors had clear boundary, 3 were oval or round, 2 were irregular-shaped, 2 were lobulated and 1 was dumb-bell shaped. Tumor size ranged from 35 to 65 mm. On pre-contrast MRI, 5 cases were mixed with hypo to hyperintense signals on (T1 weighted image) T1WI and heterogeneous on (T2 weighted image) T2WI. The rest 3 cases were featured by solid and cystic components; the solid component was hypo to isotense on T1WI and hypointense on T2WI while the cystic areas, which were not enhanced in the postcontrast images, were hypo and hyperintense on T1WI and T2WI, respectively. All the areas with low T2 signal intensity were strongly enhanced after gadolinium administration. Flow-empty actions, peritumoral edema and “dural tail” sign was found in 6, 3 and 0 cases, respectively. All the 3 cystic cases were confirmed as malignant ISFT while the rest 5 were benign. Conclusions MRI manifestation of ISFT has some characteristics. There may exist some correlations between the intratumoral cyst and malignant potential. However, the diagnosis of ISFT remains dependent on histopathology.

    Release date:2017-01-18 08:50 Export PDF Favorites Scan
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