Bacterial biofilms are associated with at least 80% of human bacterial infections. The clinical treatment of biofilm infection is still arduous, and therefore many new treatment options are under study, such as probiotics and their derivatives, quorum sensing inhibitors, antimicrobial peptides, phage therapy, organic acids, light therapy, and plant extracts. However, most of these schemes are not mature, and it is important to develop new research directions of anti-biofilms.
In order to inquire into the relation between bacterial L-forms and chronic appendictis,appendices removed from 10 patients with appendicitis were cultured with improved kagans’s solid medium and nutrient medium containing blood respectively.Bacterial forms with bacterial L-form transforms to L-forms and 1 strain of bacillus aerogen with its L-form.The result shows that bacterial form transforms to L-form,then to bacterial form may be related with appendicitis attack,alleviation and attack again.
摘要:目的:了解细菌药物敏感性以指导临床合理选用抗生素。方法:采用VITEK32及GNS120药敏卡、GPS107药敏卡完成细菌的鉴定及药敏实验。结果:葡萄球菌占72.5%。青霉素对葡萄球菌敏感性几乎为0,葡萄球菌的产酶率均在95%以上。结论:临床应了解细菌对抗生素的耐药特点,掌握好适应症,科学合理选用抗生素
In order to investigate the mechanism of enterogenous infection, sixty SD rats were randomly allocated into four groups∶ group of intestinal obstruction; group of cyclophosphamide+intestinal obstruction; group of cyclophosphamide and group of sham-operation. Each group included 15 rats. Twenty four hours after obstruction of the terminal ileum, the bacteria in blood of portal vein, blood of heart, peritoneal fluid, mesenteric lymph node (MLN) and content of gut were determined quantitatively, the concentration of endotoxin in portal system were measured. The results showed that early (24 hours) intestinal obstruction led to endotoxemia in portal vein, overgrowth of enteric G－bacili and bacterial translocation into the MLN. The immunosuppressive agent cyclophosphamide not only increased the rate of bacterial translocation into MLN and the number of living bacteria in MLN, but also promoted bacteria to spread into the systemic circulation. The authors conclude that under immunosuppression the bacterial translocation from gut by way of lymphatic channel plays an important role in enterogenous infection.
Objective To explore the bacterial translocation of mesenteric lymph nodes （MLNs） of the ileum and the spectrum of bacteria in patients with small bowel obstruction.Methods Total 84 patients were divided into study group （with small bowel obstruction） and control group （without small bowel obstruction）. MLNs were obtained under sterile conditions intraoperatively， and which were processed for culture of aerobic and anaerobic organisms. The rate of bacterial translocation and postoperative infection were compared between two groups and the species of bacterial translocation was identified. Results The bacterial translocation rate in the study group was higher than that in the control group 〔57.1% （24/42） versus 16.7% （7/42），χ2=14.775， P＜0.01〕. Escherichia coil was the most commonly bacteria （20）. Emergency surgery and age over 70 years were associated with bacterial translocation （P＜0.05）. Postoperative infection complications rate in the bacterial translocation patients was higher than that in the patients without bacterial translocation 〔29.0% （9/31） versus 3.8% （2/53），χ2=10.965，P＜0.05〕. Conclusions Bacterial translocation to MLNs occurres more frequently in patients with small bowel obstruction，non-elective surgery， and elderly.
目的:探讨莫西沙星注射液应用在中重度急性腹腔感染治疗中的临床疗效与安全性。方法:共纳入31 例患者,随机分为罗氏芬加甲硝唑治疗组(对照),罗氏芬2 g,每日1次,甲硝唑0.5 g,每日2次;莫西沙星治疗组,莫西沙星400mg,每日1次,均为静脉滴注,疗程为7~14 天。结果:两组的痊愈率分别为80 ％和81.25 ％,有效率分别为86.67 ％和87.5 ％,细菌清除率分别为91.67%与90%。组间比较差异均无统计学意义。两组的不良反应发生分别为2／15和 1／16,主要表现为局部刺激及转氨酶升高等。结论:莫西沙星注射液治疗中重度腹腔细菌感染疗效确切,安全性好。
ObjectiveTo establish a methodology for alveolar macrophages (AMs) phagocytosis of AlexaFluor 488 (AF488) labeled bacteria by flow cytometry.MethodsStaphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus pneumoniae were labeled with different concentrations of AF488. A flow cytometric assay was used to quantify in vivo bacterial uptake by AMs. AMs and different ratio of fluorescent-labeled bacteria were incubated at 37 ℃ for 2 hours, 4 hours, 6 hours and 8 hours, respectively. AMs were washed with DPBS and extracellular fluorescence was quenched with 1% (w/v) trypan blue. Trypan blue was aspirated and phagocytosis of fluorescent-labeled bacteria by AMs was measured using a flow cytometry. Confocal microscopy was performed to ensure that bacterial in positive AM had been internalized rather than bound to the cell surface.ResultsWhen the concentration of AF488 was more than 50 μg/mL, the labeling rates of Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus pneumoniae were higher than 92% (P<0.05), and has quickly reached the upper limit. With the prolongation of incubation time, the phagocytic rate of AMs increased from 20.4% at 2 hours to 76.5% at 8 hours. With the increase in the number of bacteria, the phagocytic rate of AMs increased from 7.7% by ratio of 1∶10 to 85.1% by ratio of 1∶300.ConclusionDetection of AMs phagocytosis of AF488 labeled bacteria by flow cytometry is an effective method, but the dye concentration, incubation time and the proportion of bacteria will influence the results.
Objective To explore the pathogens and clinical features of immunocompromised hosts with septicaemia.Methods The data including underlying diseases, peripheral blood granulocyte count, temperature at blood sampling, management and prognosis)of 160 immunocompromised hosts with septicaemia were analyzed retrospectively．Results 8 patients had twice septicaemia in hospital stay and 3 patients had plural pathogenic septicaemia.171 strains of microorganisms were isolated from blood cultured of 160 septic immuno- compromised hosts in which 156 strains (91.2%) were bacteria, 37 strains(21.6%) were gram positive cocci, 6 strains(3.5%) were gram positive bacilli, 113 strains (66.1%) were gram negative bacilli and 15 strains (8.8%) were fungi. Staphylococcus spp (17 strains) and Streptococcus spp (14 strains) were the predominant pathogens among gram positive cocci and Corynebacteria (5 strains ) were the main pathogen in gram positive bacilli while Escherichia coli (60 strains), Klebsiella pneumoniae (20 strains) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (15 strains) were the most common bacteria in gram negative bacilli. There were 12 strains of Staphylococcus aureus among the 17 strains of Staphylococcus spp, all of them were methicillin sensitive (MSSA). 17 strains of Escherichia coli, 2 strains of Klebsiella pneumoniae and 1 strain of Klebsiella oxytoca produced ESBLs. Candida was the only pathogens of fungemia in this study in which 4 strains of Candida albicans and 11 strains of non-albicans Candida were detected. There were 120 patients(75%) with granulocytopeniain which 103 patients were agranulocytosis. 70% of the 160 paitents had hyperpyrexia. All patients received broad spectrum antibiotics therapy in the study while 58.8% received antifungal drugs at the same time. 20 patients died of septicaemia and 19 patients gave up therapy because of their conditions deteriorated.The overall improvement rate were 75.6%. Conclusions Bacteria are the main pathogens in septicaemia of immunocom- promised host and fungemia is increasing in recent years.Agranulocytosis is a risk factor of septicaemia in immunocompromised hosts. Hyperpyrexia is one of characteristic signs of these patients.