Coronavirus disease 2019 epidemic is a serious and infectious public health event that causes physical damage and may also have an impact on mental health. West China Hospital of Sichuan University combines the internet hospital platform with the traditional telephone model, establishes a new coronavirus disease 2019 intervention integration platform, and builds a new “four-in-one” medical service system, which contains epidemic consultation, psychological consultation, self-evaluation and home prevention and control. It has established a way for the public to communicate with professional, reduced the spread of coronavirus disease 2019 in space, and effectively carried out psychological decompression and comfort work, disseminated the knowledge of fighting coronavirus disease 2019, and provided medical advice. This article mainly introduces the out-of-hospital psychological intervention model of West China Hospital of Sichuan University during the coronavirus disease 2019 epidemic, and aims to provide a reference for exploring the psychological intervention methods for major public health emergencies.
ObjectiveTo investigate the essential healthcare system performance in Xinjin county of Chengdu city from 2009 to 2010, so as to provide baseline data for further study. MethodsThe general information of the essential healthcare, such as the numbers of out and in-patients, service and profits were collected and then analyzed using the software of Microsoft Excel 2003 and SPSS 13.0. Resultsa) The results showed that the numbers of out and in-patients were in the rank of the county, township and community hospital. The numbers of out and emergency patients has been decreased 31.0% and 25.3% in the community hospital from 2009 to 2010, while patients in the county and township hospital has been increased. The numbers of in-patients has been increased by year; b) hospital bed occupancy has been increased by year, and the hospital bed occupancy of county hospitals was 8% lower than national level in 2009, 33.5% higher in 2010, the hospital bed occupancy of township hospitals from 2009 to 2010 was higher than national level, the ones of community hospital was lower than national level; c) there is an annual decreasing tendency for average days for hospitalization in county and community hospital, which were higher than national level; d) it was lower than national average rate; e) the inpatient fee per time was lower than national average rate; f) in the components of the in-patients expense, drug expense, operation expense and diagnose expense were constituted more than 86% in all eight costs; and g) the receipts and expenditure of Xinjin hospital throughout the year increased by years, the income and expenses showed 39.3% and 37.7%. ConclusionThe hospital bed occupancy, average hospitalization days and the inpatient fee per time in Xinjin county of Chengdu city during 2009-2010, were higher than national level. The overall health performance of hospitals in Xinjin county was satisfied. However, there was significant difference between the best and the worst. In order to distribute health resources, both benefit and efficient should be emphasized.
Objective To provide evidence for the establishment and improvement of public health system in China by comparing national public health emergency system of some representative countries.Methods The principle and method of evidence-based science were applied to search and evaluate data from the official websites of China, United States, United Kingdom, Australia and Singapore. The performance of each country’s public health emergency response system in SARS prevention and control, as well as their organization structure and mechanism were compared. The existing problems and corresponding countermeasures were then put forward. Results Public health system showed the best performance was in US, UK and Australia. The responding mechanism of Singapore was highly admired by WHO. The organization structure of China was similar to that of developed countries, but its performance was far lagged behind because of insufficient financial support, poor management and inefficient operational mechanism. Conclusions The public health emergency response system in China needs to be reformed by giving priority to mechanism reinforcement. Different models should be taken into account regarding different regional situations in China.
Objective To summarize and categorize the epidemiological evaluation indicators of disease burden, and to explore and analyze the research gaps in the existing evaluation indicators of disease burden. Methods The CNKI, WanFang Data, VIP, CBM, PubMed, Embase, Web of Science and Cochrane Library databases were searched by computer to obtain qualitative studies on evaluation indicators of disease burden. The search time limit was from the establishment of the database to October 2023. CASP was used to evaluate the methodological quality of the included studies, and thematic analysis was used to summarize the evaluation indicators of disease burden by NVivo 12 software. Results A total of 19 studies were included, of which 10 studies were of high quality and 9 studies were of medium quality. The evaluation indicators of disease burden were summarized into two three-level core themes: positive indicators and negative indicators. Five second-level analytic themes were used: disease indicators, life loss indicators, life expectancy indicators, cause removal indicators and health status indicators. Twenty-nine level-1 descriptive themes. Conclusion The evaluation indicators of disease burden have their respective scopes of application and limitations. It is necessary to continue strengthening the construction of a comprehensive evaluation index system for disease burden, so that it is comparable and reliable, can adapt to local calculation weights, and covers both family burden and social burden.
Objective To evaluate the reporting quality of rapid guidelines on Chinese medicine responding to public health emergencies. Methods The databases of PubMed, Embase, CNKI, CBM, WanFang Data, and preprint platforms were electronically searched. A supplementary search was performed by navigating the websites and Wechat public platforms specific to guideline development and dissemination, health and medical governing bodies, and academic organizations of Chinese medicine. Only guidelines published within three months after the onset of acute respiratory infectious diseases were eligible. The database search settings were as follows: SARS guidelines up to May 2003, H1N1 guidelines up to August 2009, and COVID-19 guidelines up to April 2020. The report quality was assessed using the Reporting Items for practice Guidelines in HealThcare (RIGHT) and its extension for traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). Results A total of 50 rapid guidelines on Chinese medicine responding to public health emergencies were included, indicating a growing trend in the number of guidelines. The RIGHT items most frequently reported were item 1c (n=46, 92.00%), item 7a (n=47, 94.00%), item 13a (n=49, 98.00%). The items extended to TCM was generally frequently reported (≥50%). However, the ten key items related to evidence, recommendations, funding, and the declaration and management of interest were rarely reported. Conclusion Enhancing the reporting quality of rapid guidelines on Chinese medicine in response to public health emergencies requires methodological solutions. The development of such guideline reporting standards should consider the unique characteristics of public health emergencies and the special nature of Chinese medicine evidence.
In response to the need for health economics modelers to apply more appropriate complex systems models to address complex challenges in public health, an international team of more than 40 experts in the field of complex systems models and economic evaluation has developed and recently published a guideline on the application of complex systems models to the economic evaluation of public health interventions. This paper introduces the development process and main content of the guidelines, which can provide references to facilitate the application of the guidelines by domestic researchers, aiming to ultimately improve the overall quality of public health research and services and improve the health of the population in China.
Objective To evaluate the current status of human resources in healthcare-associated infection prevention and control (infection control) in Jiangxi Province, and explore the impact of emergency public health events on the human resources of infection control professionals in various levels and types of medical institutions. Methods From October 1st to 31st, 2023, questionnaire and on-site interviews were conducted to investigate the human resources situation of infection control professionals in various levels and types of medical institutions in Jiangxi Province. Three stages were selected for the investigation: before the outbreak of COVID-19 (before the event, December 2019), during the event (June 2022), and after the transition of COVID-19 (after the event, June 2023), focusing on the characteristics of human resources between before the event and after the event by the comparative analysis. Results Finally, 289 medical institutions were included. There was a statistically significant difference in the number of infection control professionals in medical institutions among 2019, 2022, and 2023 (χ2=189.677, P<0.001). The number of infection control professionals in 2019 was lower than that in 2022 (P<0.001) and 2023 (P<0.001), but there was no statistically significant difference between 2022 and 2023 (P=0.242). The number of infection control professionals per thousand beds in 2019, 2022, and 2023 was 4.40, 6.16, and 5.76, respectively. There was no statistically significant difference between 2019 and 2023 in terms of professional titles, gender, educational level, or professional background (P>0.05). Conclusion Emergency public health events have promoted the increase in the number of infection control professionals, but there is no statistical significance in the professional titles, educational level, or professional background of infection control professionals.
Traditional Chinese medicine has been used for the treatment of many diseases including acute infections often associated with public health emergencies for thousands of years. However, clinical evidence supporting the use of these treatments is insufficient, and the mechanism for using Chinese medicine therapy in the public health setting has not been fully established. In this report, the Evidence-based Traditional and Integrative Chinese medicine Responding to Public Health Emergencies Working Group proposed five recommendations to facilitate the inclusion of Chinese medicine as part of our responses to public health emergencies. It is expected that the Working Group’s proposals may promote the investigation and practice of Chinese Medicine in public health settings.